Measurement and simulation of magnetic flux density, a comparative study

The paper presents a modified version of the T.E.A.M. Problem No. 32 of the Compumag Society. The original problem is a measurement arrangement to study the magnetic flux density distribution inside an EI ferrite core. A finite element simulation of the device in the frame of COMSOL Multiphysics using the A -formulation has been worked out. First, the device has been realized, and a LabVIEW program has been implemented to measure the waveform of the voltage of B-coils. The geometry and the solution of the problem have been implemented in the frame of COMSOL Multiphysics, to calculate magnetic flux density at the points, where B-coils are on the core

Edge finite element method in case of high frequency simulations

The paper deals with high frequency simulations with edge finite element method realized with PETSc functions. The weak formulations of the high frequency simulations are derived from Maxwell’s equations in frequency domain. To reduce the calculation time, the finite element method was implemented in PETSc environment. The realized simulation environments were validated with simple examples, which analytically can be calculated

Graph Transformation in Relational Databases

We present a novel approach to implement a graph transformation engine based on standard relational database management systems (RDBMSs). The essence of the approach is to create database views for each rules and to handle pattern matching by inner join operations while negative application conditions by left outer join operations. Furthermore, the model manipulation prescribed by the application of a graph transformation rule is also implemented using elementary data manipulation statements (such as insert, delete, update)

Adaptive Graph Pattern Matching for Model Transformations using Model-sensitive Search Plans

The current paper makes two contributions for the graph pattern matching problem of model transformation tools. First, model-sensitive search plan generation is proposed for pattern traversal (as an extension to traditional multiplicity and type considerations of existing tools) by estimating the expected performance of search plans on typical instance models that are available at transformation design time. Then, an adaptive approach for graph pattern matching is presented, where the optimal search plan can be selected from previously generated search plans at run-time based on statistical data collected from the current instance model under transformation

Application of PETSC and other useful packages in finite element simulation

In the frame of the project TÁMOP 4.2.2.A, at the Széchenyi István University, the goal is to work out a new finite element package for the simulation and optimization of permanent magnet synchronous motors. These motors are then used to drive new electric cars. The aim of the two dimensional package is the fast numerical modeling of these electric devices by the use of free tools presented in the paper. Of course, the software is aimed to use it in the simulation of other devices, and three dimensional problems, as well

Voxel-based analysis of grey and white matter degeneration in cervical spondylotic myelopathy

In this prospective study, we made an unbiased voxel-based analysis to investigate above-stenosis spinal degeneration and its relation to impairment in patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM). Twenty patients and 18 controls were assessed with high-resolution MRI protocols above the level of stenosis. Cross-sectional areas of grey matter (GM), white matter (WM), and posterior columns (PC) were measured to determine atrophy. Diffusion indices assessed tract-specific integrity of PC and lateral corticospinal tracts (CST). Regression analysis was used to reveal relationships between MRI measures and clinical impairment. Patients showed mainly sensory impairment. Atrophy was prominent within the cervical WM (13.9%, p = 0.004), GM (7.2%, p = 0.043), and PC (16.1%, p = 0.005). Fractional anisotropy (FA) was reduced in the PC (-11.98%, p = 0.006) and lateral CST (-12.96%, p = 0.014). In addition, radial (+28.47%, p = 0.014), axial (+14.72%, p = 0.005), and mean (+16.50%, p = 0.001) diffusivities were increased in the PC. Light-touch score was associated with atrophy (R(2) = 0.3559, p = 0.020) and FA (z score 3.74, p = 0.003) in the PC, as was functional independence and FA in the lateral CST (z score 3.68, p = 0.020). This study demonstrates voxel-based degeneration far above the stenosis at a level not directly affected by the compression and provides unbiased readouts of tract-specific changes that relate to impairment

TASCI-transcutaneous tibial nerve stimulation in patients with acute spinal cord injury to prevent neurogenic detrusor overactivity: protocol for a nationwide, randomised, sham-controlled, double-blind clinical trial

INTRODUCTION: Neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction (NLUTD), including neurogenic detrusor overactivity (NDO) and detrusor sphincter dyssynergia, is one of the most frequent and devastating sequelae of spinal cord injury (SCI), as it can lead to urinary incontinence and secondary damage such as renal failure. Transcutaneous tibial nerve stimulation (TTNS) is a promising, non-invasive neuromodulatory intervention that may prevent the emergence of the C-fibre evoked bladder reflexes that are thought to cause NDO. This paper presents the protocol for TTNS in acute SCI (TASCI), which will evaluate the efficacy of TTNS in preventing NDO. Furthermore, TASCI will provide insight into the mechanisms underlying TTNS, and the course of NLUTD development after SCI. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: TASCI is a nationwide, randomised, sham-controlled, double-blind clinical trial, conducted at all four SCI centres in Switzerland. The longitudinal design includes a baseline assessment period 5-39 days after acute SCI and follow-up assessments occurring 3, 6 and 12 months after SCI. A planned 114 participants will be randomised into verum or sham TTNS groups (1:1 ratio), stratified on study centre and lower extremity motor score. TTNS is performed for 30 min/day, 5 days/week, for 6-9 weeks starting within 40 days after SCI. The primary outcome is the occurrence of NDO jeopardising the upper urinary tract at 1 year after SCI, assessed by urodynamic investigation. Secondary outcome measures assess bladder and bowel function and symptoms, sexual function, neurological structure and function, functional independence, quality of life, as well as changes in biomarkers in the urine, blood, stool and bladder tissue. Safety of TTNS is the tertiary outcome. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: TASCI is approved by the Swiss Ethics Committee for Northwest/Central Switzerland, the Swiss Ethics Committee Vaud and the Swiss Ethics Committee Zürich (#2019-00074). Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT03965299

Compiling a high-resolution country-level ecosystem map to support environmental policy: methodological challenges and solutions from Hungary

High-resolution ecosystem maps increase the efficiency of policy implementation. However, due to challenges related to both data and methods, such maps of appropriate scale and quality are still rarely available for nationwide analyses. We present solutions to some typical challenges of national-scale ecosystem mapping through the new Ecosystem Map of Hungary. It is a comprehensive, spatially and thematically detailed map with a hierarchical typology. The mapping methodology combined several novel elements from the integration of various large-scale databases in a (theoretical) data cube to the use of image-based predictive mapping (with a Random Forest classifier, using Sentinel-1 and -2 and environmental data). A participatory method involving local experts was used for validation, addressing the lack of suitable reference data as well as improving map-maker and map-user interaction. Besides the original objective of supporting conservation-related decision-making, further uses emerged from a variety of fields including spatial planning, education and recreation