Fungos micotoxigênicos e ocratoxina A em cafés com permanência prolongada na planta e no solo, colhidos nas regiões do cerrado mineiro e baiano.

No Brasil, as regiões do Cerrado Mineiro e Baiano são destaque pela produtividade e qualidade dos grãos produzidos. A florada desuniforme do café no Brasil implica em frutos com diversos estágios de amadurecimento no período da colheita. Assim, frutos não colhidos oportunamente permanecem na planta ou caem no solo, e quando aproveitados farão parte de uma safra de baixa qualidade. Portanto, foi objetivo deste trabalho estudar frutos de café com exposição prolongada na planta e no solo, avaliando a colonização por fungos micotoxigênicos, a produção de ocratoxina A (OTA) e a dinâmica de umidade e atividade de água nos frutos nessas regiões produtoras. O café com permanência prolongada na planta não apresentou grandes variações nos teores de umidade e atividade de água durante os 120 dias estudados. Entretanto, o café com permanência prolongada no solo, apresentou, após 90 dias, variação drástica nos teores de umidade e atividade de água entre as regiões estudadas. Nesse período, a umidade e atividade de água foram de 14,15% e 0,74, 6,64% e 0,63 para o Cerrado Mineiro e Baiano, respectivamente. Apesar do café com permanência prolongada na planta ter sido intensamente colonizado por Aspergillus ochraceus G. Wilh. (1877), não foi detectada a presença de OTA. No café com permanência prolongada no solo detectaram-se níveis muito elevados, 49,42 e 30,93 ?g.kg-1 de OTA, no Cerrado Mineiro e Baiano, respectivamente. Pode-se constatar que independente da região de interesse, cafés com permanência prolongada na planta ou no solo interferem decisivamente na qualidade do café colhido

Exponential stability of the wave equation with memory and time delay

We study the asymptotic behaviour of the wave equation with viscoelastic damping in presence of a time-delayed damping. We prove exponential stability if the amplitude of the time delay term is small enough

Identificação molecular de cochonilhas-farinhentas (Pseudococcidae) associadas à videira no Submédio São Francisco.

Este trabalho teve como objetivo a identificação de cochonilhas-farinhentas por meio de análise molecular

Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green, 1908) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae): exotic pest introduced on vine in the São Francisco Valley.

The pink hibiscus mealybug, Maconellicoccus hirsutusis a polyphagous pest that attacks more than 200 generous and about more than 74 botanical families of cultivated or uncultivated plants. Many of these plants are of economic importance to Brazil, including cotton, cocoa, coffee, coconut, citrus, cucumber, corn, beans, papaya, sweet potatoes, figs, grapes, guavas, peanuts, roses, hibiscusand ornamental palms. However, M. hirsutus was recently introduced in Brazil. This study reported the first time occurence this pest in São Francisco Valley, Northeastern Brazil. After the pest presence alert, samplings were taken inside and around of the plantation of vines. The mealybugs were found attacking all structures of grape plants (Vitis vinifera), native plants of caatinga, weeds, "windbreaks" and fruit trees. In grape plants, the mealybugs inside bunches caused the reduction of the fruits quality and the discard of them, and on the sprouts they cause the inhibition of branches development, compromising at least two harvests. Thus, by severity of the damage, M. hirsutus may be considered one of the most important pests of the grape culture in theregion. The control of this new pest is a big challenge that will require a set of actions including chemical insecticides registration, the development of an effective monitoring plan as well as the search and use of natural enemies adapted to the region

Magnetic resonance imaging of the temporomandibular joint acquired using different parameters

Introduction: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is considered the examination of choice for the diagnosis of abnormalities in the TMJ. Considering the difficulty in defining and standardizing the diagnostic criteria, and the need for more accurate and reliable diagnosis of conditions in the TMJ, the aim of the present study was to compare three different MRI parameters: T1-weighted, T2-weighted and proton density–weighted in the diagnosis of changes in the temporomandibular joint.Materials and Methods: Fifty magnetic resonance imaging examinations of the temporomandibular joint (100 temporomandibular joints) were conducted according to a protocol that evaluates disc position, disc function and bone abnormalities. The images were obtained bilaterally in parasagittal sections in closed and open mouth positions in the three studied parameters Three trained oral radiologists assessed all the images. Reliability of the intra- and inter-examiner response was analyzed using the concordance test (Fleiss’ kappa; α = 0.05).Results: The reliability of the response patterns between observers for different protocols varied from very good to good. Observers were less constant in their response patterns when assessing proton density–weighted images. There was very good agreement for disc morphology, cortical bone and bone structures/functions; however, there was wide variation for medullary bone marrow signs.Conclusion: T2-weighted imaging was found to be the best examination to assess the medullary bone. For evaluating of disc morphology, cortical bone and bone structures/functions, any protocol is indicated once the protocol does not interfere with the analysis.Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is considered the examination of choice for the diagnosis of abnormalities in the TMJ. Considering the difficulty in defining and standardizing the diagnostic criteria, and the need for more accurate and reliable diagnosis of conditions in the TMJ, the aim of the present study was to compare three different MRI parameters: T1-weighted, T2-weighted and proton density–weighted in the diagnosis of changes in the temporomandibular joint. Fifty magnetic resonance imaging examinations of the temporomandibular joint (100 temporomandibular joints) were conducted according to a protocol that evaluates disc position, disc function and bone abnormalities. The images were obtained bilaterally in parasagittal sections in closed and open mouth positions in the three studied parameters Three trained oral radiologists assessed all the images. Reliability of the intra- and inter-examiner response was analyzed using the concordance test (Fleiss’ kappa; α = 0.05). The reliability of the response patterns between observers for different protocols varied from very good to good. Observers were less constant in their response patterns when assessing proton density–weighted images. There was very good agreement for disc morphology, cortical bone and bone structures/functions; however, there was wide variation for medullary bone marrow signs. T2-weighted imaging was found to be the best examination to assess the medullary bone. For evaluating of disc morphology, cortical bone and bone structures/functions, any protocol is indicated once the protocol does not interfere with the analysis312103109Almăşan, O.C., Hedeşiu, M., Băciuţ, G., Leucuţa, D.C., Băciuţ, M., Disk and joint morphology variations on coronal and sagittal MRI in temporomandibular joint disorders (2013) Clinical Oral Investigations, 17 (4), pp. 1243-1250. , http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00784-012-0803-4, PMid:22868824Brooks, S.L., Brand, J.W., Gibbs, S.J., Hollender, L., Lurie, A.G., Omnell, K.A., Westesson, P.L., White, S.C., Imaging of the temporomandibular joint: A position paper of the American Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology (1997) Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontics, 83 (5), pp. 609-618. , PMid:9159823Cozzollino, F.A., Rapoport, A., Franzi, A.S., Souza, R.P., Pereirta, C.A.B., Dedivitis, R.A., Correlação entre os achados clínicos e imaginológicos nas disfunções temporomandibulares (2008) Radiologia Brasileira, 41 (1), pp. 13-17. , http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0100-39842008000100006Larheim, T.A., Westesson, P., Sano, T., Temporomandibular joint disk displacement: Comparison in asymptomatic volunteers and patients (2001) Radiology, 218 (2), pp. 428-432. , http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/radiology.218.2.r01fe11428, PMid:11161157Lopes, S.L., Costa, A.L., Cruz, A.D., Li, L.M., Almeida, S.M., Clinical and MRI investigation of temporomandibular joint in major depressed patients (2012) Dento Maxillo Facial Radiology, 41 (4), pp. 316-322. , http://dx.doi.org/10.1259/dmfr/27328352, PMid:22517997 PMCid:PMC3729006Manfredini, D., Bonnini, S., Stellini, E., Salmaso, L., Guarda-Nardini, L., Comparison of magnetic resonance imaging findings in temporomandibular joints of the two sides (2014) Clinical Oral Investigations, 18 (2), pp. 499-506. , http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00784-013-0984-5, PMid:23640716Sano, T., Yamamoto, M., Okano, T., Gokan, T., Westesson, P.L., Commom abnormalities in temporomandibular joint imaging (2004) Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology, 33 (1), pp. 16-24. , http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cpradiol.2003.09.001, PMid:14712198Schiffman, E.L., Truelove, E.L., Ohrbach, R., Anderson, G.C., John, M.T., List, T., Look, J.O., The research diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders. I: Overview and methodology for assessment of validity (2010) Journal of Orofacial Pain, 24 (1), pp. 7-24. , PMid:20213028 PMCid:PMC3157055Sessle, B.J., A focus on the research diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders (2009) Journal of Orofacial Pain, 23 (1), pp. 5-6. , PMid:19264031Styles, C., Whyte, A., MRI in the assessment of internal derangement and pain within the temporomandibular joint: A pictorial essay (2002) British Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, 40 (3), pp. 220-228. , http://dx.doi.org/10.1054/bjom.2001.0757, PMid:12054713Tasaki, M.M., Westesson, P.L., Isberg, A.M., Ren, Y.F., Tallents, R.H., Classification and prevalence of temporomandibular joint disc displacement in patients and symptom-free volunteers (1996) American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, 109 (3), pp. 249-262. , http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0889-5406(96)70148-8Tasali, N., Cubuk, R., Aricak, M., Ozarar, M., Saydam, B., Nur, H., Tuncbilek, N., Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain revisited with dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) (2012) European Journal of Radiology, 81 (3), pp. 603-608. , http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrad.2011.01.044, PMid:21300493Wangsrimongkol, T., Manosudprasit, M., Pisek, P., Chowchuen, P., Chantaramungkorn, M., Temporomandibular joint growth adaptation and articular disc positional changes in functional orthopedic treatment: Magnetic resonance imaging investigation (2012) Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand, 95, pp. S106-S115. , PMid:2396162

Germoplasma de manga no Brasil.

O Brasil ocupa atualmente o nono lugar entre os maiores produtores mundiais de manga, com 456 mil toneladas de frutos, o que corresponde a cerca de 2% do total da produção mundial (FAO, 1999). Esta produção, advem em grande parte, de plantios extensivos não comerciais, com elevadas perdas pós-colheita, que atende primordialmente a demanda interna, considerando um consumo per capita de 2,4 kg. A área colhida de manga no Brasil é de 63,5 mil ha, sendo que a maior concentração está na região Nordeste, com 45%, vindo logo a seguir a região Sudeste, com 41%. Porém, os maiores produtores, em ordem decrescente, são os estados de São Paulo, Minas Gerais, Pernambuco, Bahia e Ceará. A região Nordeste lidera também as exportações, com 88% do total da manga brasileira exportada, o que corresponde a US$ 28 milhões .Trabalhos apresentados no I Simpósio Latino Americano sobre Produção de Manga, 1999, Vitória da Conquista