Apical root resorption of maxillary first molars related to headgear use as detected by cone beam computed tomography

Extraoral traction (EOT) by occipital headgear is a widely used anchorage and orthopedic approach for the control of maxillary growth. The aims of this study were: 1) to test the hypothesis that headgear use may increase the risk of apical root resorption, using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) to detect root resorptions of maxillary first molars, and 2) to assess which roots are more prone to resorption and to which extent. A total of 112 maxillary first molars from 56 patients at 52 to 288 months after orthodontic treatment were evaluated to detect apical root resorption on CBCT images. Patients were divided into two groups: Group 1, patients who used EOT for up to six months; Group 2, patients who did not use EOT. The Levander and Malmgren scoring system was used to classify the root apices of maxillary first molars. Significance was set at 5%. Kappa statistics was used to assess agreement; scores were evaluated twice, according to the study methods. There were no differences in the frequency and severity of apical root resorption of maxillary first permanent molars in the two groups as detected by CBCT. The use of EOT did not show association with frequency and severity of ARR considering a long time of follow up.

Long-term Evaluation of Root Resorption after Orthodontic Treatment Using Cone-Bean Computed Tomography

Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T15:25:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao_jairo.pdf: 931467 bytes, checksum: 67fb8f2574746d963d0900c7b00a7423 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-04-15Aim: To detect Apical Root Resorption (ARR) after orthodontic treatment at 52-288 months using periapical radiography (PR) and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods: Radiographic images obtained from 58 patients, before (T1) and after orthodontic treatment (T2), and following 52-288 months of treatment were analized by three members of the Brazilian Board of Orthodontics. Apical structures were evaluated by PR images (T2 and T3), using Levander and Malmgren2 scores. The presence of ARR on CBCT images were detected only at T3. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used for statistical analyses, and the level of significance was set at 5%. Kappa statistics determined interobserver agreement. Results: ARR more frequent were with scores 1 in T2 (51.6%) and T3 (53.1%), when evaluated by PR (p>0.05). When compared the frequencies of ARR in T3 among PR and CBCT images, the differences were significant for maxillary and mandibular pre-molar groups, and for mandibular molar group (p>0.05). The teeth with highest frequency of ARR presence using CBCT images were maxillary lateral incisors (94.5%) and mandibular central incisors (87.7%), while the bicuspids showed the lowest frequency. The CBCT images showed that the teeth involved in orthodontic treatment with extraction present higher ARR frequency (p0,05). Quando comparadas as frequências de RRAs em T3, entre imagens de RP e de TCFC, a diferença foi estatisticamente significante para o grupo de pré-molares da maxila e da mandíbula, e de molares mandibulares. Os dentes que apresentaram maior frequência de RRA analisados por meio de imagens de TCFC foram os incisivos laterais superiores (94,5%) e os centrais inferiores (87,7%), enquanto que os de menor frequência foram os pré-molares. As imagens de TCFC mostraram que os dentes envolvidos em tratamentos rtodônticos com extrações apresentaram maior frequência de RRA (p<0,05). Conclusão: As imagens de RP sugerem maior frequência de RRAs do que as imagens de TCFC para os grupos de pré-molares e molares, não evidenciando alteração em longo prazo. O método de imagem por TCFC é uma ferramenta promissora ao diagnóstico de reabsorção radicular apical

Assessment of motivation, expectations and satisfaction of adult patients submitted to orthodontic treatment

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to analyze the psychological aspects of adult patients who sought and underwent orthodontic treatment, evaluating their expectations and discomfort during treatment, as well as their satisfaction after completion of dental movement. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Data obtained from previous published papers, and also from questionnaires answered by 54 patients, showed that adult patients stood out for their attention to details and high interest in the esthetic improvements provided by treatment, and also for a greater perception of their initial malocclusion. On the other hand, the same data showed that adult patients, once informed about the limitations of their treatment and having confidence on the orthodontist, presented a high level of satisfaction with treatment results, revealing themselves as good patients for indication and execution of orthodontic procedures

The use of three-dimensional cephalometric references in dentoskeletal symmetry diagnosis

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to assess dentoskeletal symmetry in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of Brazilian individuals with Angle Class I malocclusion.MATERIAL: A total of 47 patients (22 females and 25 males) aged between 11 and 16 years old (14 years) seen in a private radiology service (CIRO, Goiânia, GO, Brazil) were assessed. All CBCT scans were obtained from January, 2009 to December, 2010. Cephalometric measurements were taken by multiplanar reconstruction (axial, coronal and sagittal) using Vista Dent3DPro 2.0 (Dentsply GAC, New York, USA). Minimum, maximum, mean and standard deviation values were arranged in tables, and Student t-test was used to determine statistical significance (P < 0.05).RESULTS: Data were homogeneous, and differences between the right and left sides were not significant.CONCLUSIONS: Cephalometric measurements of Brazilian individuals with Angle Class I malocclusion can be used to establish facial symmetry and three-dimensional standard references which might be useful for orthodontic and surgical planning

Long-term evaluation of apical root resorption after orthodontic treatment using periapical radiography and cone beam computed tomography

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the frequency of Apical Root Resorption (ARR) after orthodontic treatment at 52-288 months using periapical radiography (PR) and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). METHODS: Radiographic images obtained from 58 patients, before (T1) and after orthodontic treatment (T2), and following 52-288 months of treatment were analyzed by three members of the Brazilian Board of Orthodontics. Apical structures were evaluated by PR images (T2 and T3), using Levander and Malmgren scores. The presence of ARR on CBCT images were detected only at T3. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used for statistical analyses, and the level of significance was set at 5%. Kappa statistics determined interobserver agreement. RESULTS: The more frequent ARR were with scores 1 in T2 (51.6%) and T3 (53.1%), when evaluated by PR (p &gt; 0.05). When compared the frequencies of ARR in T3 among PR and CBCT images, the differences were significant for maxillary and mandibular pre-molar groups, and for mandibular molar group (p &gt; 0.05). The teeth with highest frequency of ARR presence using CBCT images were maxillary lateral incisors (94.5%) and mandibular central incisors (87.7%), while the premolars showed the lowest frequency. The CBCT images showed that the teeth involved in orthodontic treatment with extraction present higher ARR frequency (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: PR showed more frequency of ARR in posterior teeth groups when compared with CBCT images. ARR did not change in long-term post treatment