Laboratory results, events and interventions in the 97 dengue patients admitted to intensive care units in Minas Gerais, Brazil.

<p>SD, standard deviation; IR, interquartile range; ICU, intensive care unit; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase.</p><p>Laboratory results, events and interventions in the 97 dengue patients admitted to intensive care units in Minas Gerais, Brazil.</p

Univariate analysis of variables associated with in-hospital mortality among laboratory-confirmed dengue patients admitted to ICUs in Minas Gerais, Brazil.

<p>SD, standard deviation; ICU, intensive care unit; IR, interquartile range; SOFA, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment; APACHE, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; WHO, World Health Organization</p><p>Univariate analysis of variables associated with in-hospital mortality among laboratory-confirmed dengue patients admitted to ICUs in Minas Gerais, Brazil.</p

Highly active antiretroviral therapy for critically ill HIV patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis

<div><p>Introduction</p><p>It is unclear whether the treatment of an HIV infection with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) affects intensive care unit (ICU) outcomes. In this paper, we report the results of a systematic review and meta-analysis performed to summarize the effects of HAART on the prognosis of critically ill HIV positive patients.</p><p>Materials and methods</p><p>A bibliographic search was performed in 3 databases (PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus) to identify articles that investigated the use of HAART during ICU admissions for short- and long-term mortality or survival. Eligible articles were selected in a staged process and were independently assessed by two investigators. The methodological quality of the selected articles was evaluated using the <i>Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies</i> (MINORS) tool.</p><p>Results</p><p>Twelve articles met the systematic review inclusion criteria and examined short-term mortality. Six of them also examined long-term mortality (≥90 days) after ICU discharge. The short-term mortality meta-analysis showed a significant beneficial effect of initiating or maintaining HAART during the ICU stay (random effects odds ratio 0.53, p = 0.02). The data analysis of long-term outcomes also suggested a reduced mortality when HAART was used, but the effect of HAART on long-term mortality of HIV positive critically ill patients remains uncertain.</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>This meta-analysis suggests improved survival rates for HIV positive patients who were treated with HAART during their ICU admission.</p></div

Number of patients in the WHO 1997 and 2009 dengue classifications according to SOFA and APACHE II scores.

<p>DF: dengue fever; DHF I & II: dengue hemorrhagic fever grade I and II; DHF III & IV: dengue hemorrhagic fever grade III and IV; DWS: dengue with warning signs; SD: severe dengue.</p

APACHE II score, SOFA score, total leukocyte count and serum albumin concentration AUROCs.

<p>APACHE II score, SOFA score, total leukocyte count and serum albumin concentration AUROCs.</p

Highly active antiretroviral therapy systematic review and meta-analysis flowchart.

<p>HAART systematic review flowchart, which shows the procedure used for the selection of the articles for the qualitative and quantitative synthesis. <i>HAART</i> highly active antiretroviral therapy; <i>ICU</i> intensive care unit. PRISMA Model Flow Diagram [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0186968#pone.0186968.ref024" target="_blank">24</a>].</p

General characteristics of the studies.

<p>General characteristics of the studies.</p

Funnel plot of the effects of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) on <i>short-term</i> mortality–random effects odds ratio.

<p>Funnel plot of the effects of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) on <i>short-term</i> mortality–random effects odds ratio.</p

Forest plot of the effects of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) on <i>short-term</i> mortality–random effects odds ratio.

<p>Forest plot of the effects of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) on <i>short-term</i> mortality–random effects odds ratio.</p