Gauge Instantons from Open Strings

In this contribution we describe how to obtain instanton effects in four dimensional gauge theories by computing string scattering amplitudes in D3/D(-1) brane systems. In particular we show that the disks with mixed boundary conditions, which are typical of the D3/D(-1) system, are the sources for the classical instanton solution.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figures, Contribution to the proceedings of the 36th International Symposium Ahrenshoop, Berlin, Germany, 26-30 August 200

Direct and long-lasting effects elicited by repeated drug administration on 50-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations are regulated differently: Implications for the study of the affective properties of drugs of abuse

Several studies suggest that 50-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) may indicate a positive affective state in rats, and these vocalizations are increasingly being used to investigate the properties of psychoactive drugs. Previous studies, however, have focused on dopaminergic psychostimulants and morphine, whereas little is known about how other drugs modulate 50-kHz USVs. To further elucidate the neuropharmacology of 50-kHz USVs, the present study characterized the direct and long-lasting effects of different drugs of abuse, by measuring the number of 50-kHz USVs and their 'trill' subtype emitted by adult male rats. Rats received repeated administrations of amphetamine (2 mg/kg, i.p.), 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, 7.5 mg/kg, i.p.), morphine (7.5 mg/kg, s.c.), or nicotine (0.4 mg/kg, s.c.), on either consecutive or alternate days (five administrations in total) in a novel environment. Seven days later, rats were re-exposed to the drug-paired environment, subjected to USVs recording, and then challenged with the same drug. Finally, 7 d after the challenge, rats were repeatedly exposed to the drug-paired environment and vocalizations were measured. Amphetamine was the only drug to stimulate 50-kHz USVs and 'trill' subtype emission during administration and challenge. Conversely, all rats emitted 50-kHz USVs when re-exposed to the test cage, and this effect was most marked in morphine-treated rats, and less evident in nicotine-treated rats. This study demonstrates that the direct and long-lasting effects of drugs on 50-kHz USVs are regulated differently, providing a better understanding of the usefulness of these vocalizations in the study of psychoactive drugs

Stable non-BPS D-branes of type I

We review the boundary state description of the non-BPS D-branes in the type I string theory and show that the only stable configurations are the D-particle and the D-instanton. We also compute the gauge and gravitational interactions of the non-BPS D-particles and compare them with the interactions of the dual non-BPS particles of the heterotic string finding complete agreement. In this way we provide further dynamical evidence of the heterotic/type I duality.Comment: 8 pages, 1 figure.eps, JHEP.cls, talk given by A. Lerda at the TMR Conference "Quantum aspects of gauge theories, supersymmetry and unification", Paris, September 199

The extended conformal theory of Luttinger systems

We describe the recently introduced method of algebraic bosonization of the $(1+1)$-dimensional Luttinger systems by discussing in detail the specific case of the Calogero-Sutherland model, and mentioning the hard-core Bose gas. We also compare our findings with the exact Bethe Ansatz results.Comment: 9 pages, plain Latex file, ,based on a talk given by S. Sciuto at the II International Sakharov Conference on Physics, Moscow, Russia, 20-24 May 9

Modular anomaly equation, heat kernel and S-duality in N=2 theories

We investigate epsilon-deformed N=2 superconformal gauge theories in four dimensions, focusing on the N=2* and Nf=4 SU(2) cases. We show how the modular anomaly equation obeyed by the deformed prepotential can be efficiently used to derive its non-perturbative expression starting from the perturbative one. We also show that the modular anomaly equation implies that S-duality is implemented by means of an exact Fourier transform even for arbitrary values of the deformation parameters, and then we argue that it is possible, perturbatively in the deformation, to choose appropriate variables such that it reduces to a Legendre transform.Comment: 30 pages, LeTeX2e. V2: references added, appendix B expanded, a few typos correcte

On the Fock space for nonrelativistic anyon fields and braided tensor products

We realize the physical N-anyon Hilbert spaces, introduced previously via unitary representations of the group of diffeomorphisms of the plane, as N-fold braided-symmetric tensor products of the 1-particle Hilbert space. This perspective provides a convenient Fock space construction for nonrelativistic anyon quantum fields along the more usual lines of boson and fermion fields, but in a braided category. We see how essential physical information is thus encoded. In particular we show how the algebraic structure of our anyonic Fock space leads to a natural anyonic exclusion principle related to intermediate occupation number statistics, and obtain the partition function for an idealised gas of fixed anyonic vortices.Comment: Added some references, more explicit formulae for the discrete case and remark on partition function. 25 pages latex, no figure

S-duality and the prepotential in N=2* theories (I): the ADE algebras

The prepotential of N=2* supersymmetric theories with unitary gauge groups in an Omega-background satisfies a modular anomaly equation that can be recursively solved order by order in an expansion for small mass. By requiring that S-duality acts on the prepotential as a Fourier transform we generalise this result to N=2* theories with gauge algebras of the D and E type and show that their prepotentials can be written in terms of quasi-modular forms of SL(2,Z). The results are checked against microscopic multi-instanton calculus based on localization for the A and D series and reproduce the known 1-instanton prepotential of the pure N=2 theories for any gauge group of ADE type. Our results can also be used to obtain the multi-instanton terms in the exceptional theories for which the microscopic instanton calculus and the ADHM construction are not available.Comment: 33 pages, LaTeX2e, added references, version to be published in JHE

The extended conformal theory of the Calogero-Sutherland model

We describe the recently introduced method of Algebraic Bosonization of (1+1)-dimensional fermionic systems by discussing the specific case of the Calogero-Sutherland model. A comparison with the Bethe Ansatz results is also presented.Comment: 12 pages, plain LaTeX, no figures; To appear in the proceedings of the IV Meeting "Common Trends in Condensed Matter and High Energy Physics", Chia Laguna, Cagliari, Italy, 3-10 Sep. 199

Anyonic Realization of the Quantum Affine Lie Superalgebra U_q(A(M,N)^{(1)})

We give a realization of the quantum affine Lie superalgebras U_q(A(M,N))^(1) in terms of anyons defined on a one or two-dimensional lattice, the deformation parameter q being related to the statistical parameter $\nu$ of the anyons by q = exp(i\pi\nu). The construction uses anyons contructed from usual fermionic oscillators and deformed bosonic oscillators. As a byproduct, realization deformed in any sector of the quantum superalgebras U_q(A(M,N)) is obtained.Comment: 14p LaTeX Document (should be run twice