Characteristics of white-chinned petrels Procellaria aequinoctialis Linnaeus in New Zealand waters : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Science in Ecology at Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand

Current taxonomy of the white-chinned petrel suggests that all populations are similar enough to be a single global taxon, Procellaria aequinoctialis Linnaeus. This thesis challenges that view with an analysis of morphological characteristics of white-chinned petrels from fisheries bycatch in the New Zealand Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). The two main aims were: first, to determine if white-chinned petrels in New Zealand waters comprise one taxon; and second, to determine if white-chinned petrels in New Zealand waters fit the proposition of a global taxon. Morphological characteristics included: standard external measurements (head, bill, tarsus, wing and tail measurements), descriptions (area of white on the chin and bodily descriptions), and measurements of internal organs of a sample of 723 bycatch white-chinned petrels. Twenty-five white-chinned petrel study skins from breeding islands in the South Pacific. Indian and Atlantic Oceans, and 29 study skins from birds caught off Chile were also measured for comparison with the bycatch birds. I compared a range of external measurements from the bycatch sample taken by myself and 'the Laboratory' (measurements and descriptions of white-chinned petrels taken by C.J.R. Robertson and E. Bell) to estimate the measurement error between multiple observers measuring the same sample of birds. Results clearly showed very little measurement error between the two observers, and the small amount of error was biologically insignificant. I found two cluster groups of bycatch white-chinned petrels, the 'Antipodes Island group' (n = 105) which was significantly larger in most external measurements than the 'Auckland Island group' (n = 45). Using discriminant analysis I could differentiate 93% males of the 'Antipodes Island group' versus the 'Auckland Island group' based on culmen and tail length. I could also differentiate 92% of females from the 'Antipodes Island group' versus the 'Auckland Island group' based on head and bill length, culmen depth at the base and wing length. Discriminant analysis indicates that the Antipodes Island population male and female white-chinned petrel study skins related closest to the 'Antipodes Island group' and the Auckland Island, South Indian Ocean, South Atlantic Ocean, and Chile male and female white-chinned petrel study skins related closest to the 'Auckland Island group'. The results suggest that within the New Zealand EEZ there are two taxa of white-chinned petrels based on external morphology: 'aequinoctialis' Linnaeus, the smaller sized white-chinned petrels from the Auckland Islands; and 'steadi' Mathews, the larger sized white-chinned petrels from Antipodes Island and most likely Campbell Island. The results also suggest that, globally, the external morphology of white-chinned petrels can be used to identify two taxa: 'aequinoctialis' Linnaeus, the smaller sized white-chinned petrels which comprise the Auckland Islands, the South Indian Ocean, and the South Atlantic Ocean populations; and 'steadi' Mathews, the larger sized white-chinned petrels which comprise the Antipodes Islands population. Further, most white-chinned petrels caught off Chile are likely to be from the Auckland Island breeding population or South Atlantic Ocean breeding populations

Origins of the avian neural crest: the role of neural plate-epidermal interactions

We have investigated the lineage and tissue interactions that result in avian neural crest cell formation from the ectoderm. Presumptive neural plate was grafted adjacent to non-neural ectoderm in whole embryo culture to examine the role of tissue interactions in ontogeny of the neural crest. Our results show that juxtaposition of non-neural ectoderm and presumptive neural plate induces the formation of neural crest cells. Quail/chick recombinations demonstrate that both the prospective neural plate and the prospective epidermis can contribute to the neural crest. When similar neural plate/epidermal confrontations are performed in tissue culture to look at the formation of neural crest derivatives, juxtaposition of epidermis with either early (stages 4–5) or later (stages 6–10) neural plate results in the generation of both melanocytes and sympathoadrenal cells. Interestingly, neural plates isolated from early stages form no neural crest cells, whereas those isolated later give rise to melanocytes but not crest-derived sympathoadrenal cells. Single cell lineage analysis was performed to determine the time at which the neural crest lineage diverges from the epidermal lineage and to elucidate the timing of neural plate/epidermis interactions during normal development. Our results from stage 8 to 10+ embryos show that the neural plate/neural crest lineage segregates from the epidermis around the time of neural tube closure, suggesting that neural induction is still underway at open neural plate stages

Death and Memory: A Memorial and Museum for Euromaidan

Memorials are a way of mending hardship through the commemoration of past events. They are a physical manifestation and expression of events, used as a way to come to terms ends. They also create an opportunity for interpretation and expression of the past, which can offer new insights and understanding about the events being memorialized, as well as provide necessary reminders of past trauma. In this way, memorials function both as a means of expressing the thoughts and feelings of current people, to provide a coping mechanism in the present, while simultaneously serving as way to remind people,in the future, of the events so they are not forgotten. A memorial is not meant to re-enact the events as they occurred, but rather, it serves as a method capturing the current collective and individual feelings that exist the minds of the people. It allows for the ephemeral forces that exist in the world to become qualitative, expressed through a physical presence that allows for visitor encounter. It is through this continued encounter that memorials provide people with a method of reflection, in addition to creating a mechanism of recurring memory that speaks to the future. This thesis proposes a memorial and museum for the Euromaidan and its artifacts, exploring the role of the memorial and the way we remember in society today. Using light, space and material, the proposal expresses the reoccurring sensations that characterize the Euromaidan protest. In doing so, it questions architecture’s role in the creation of memorials, and its ability to act as a reminder for a dark past

DISCOVERING THE TEACHING SELF (THE VALUE OF A CAPSTONE EXPERIENCE AS A REFLECTIVE TOOL FOR HERE AND THERE)

This study explored the impact of capstone experiences on teaching practices and professional identities of teachers returning to work after a period of studyabroad. In the capstone experience, we aimed to help students switch on the lights to illuminate the depth of their specialised knowledge in the area of TESOL as they moved on from their graduate studies. A light that shines on areas of their professional identities as teachers of English that exists, but rarely explored. Despite the logistical limitations that constrained data gathering fromparticipants, the quality of the responses used for discussion demonstrated thevalue of the capstone experience as a reflective tool, an opportunity for studentsto enter a reflective space free of contextual constraints that so often impedeeffective professional learning. The reflective space offered by the capstoneexperience appeared to have a transformative effect on the participants‘ teachingpractices and regenerated their professional identities. Further research is needed to explore the sustainability of this effect and to observe changes inprofessional behaviour and practice. It is one thing for the participants to say how they have changed, it is another to see the changes in their teaching practices and their interactions with others.Keywords: the impact of capstone experiences, teaching practices, professionalidentities, professional behavior

Scholarship in Social Work: Imperfect Methods, Approximate Truths, and Emerging Challenges

The University Archives has determined that this item is of continuing value to OSU's history.Fraser, Mark W., Ph.D., Professor and Director of the Ph.D. Program, Graduate School of Social Work, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT - "Scholarship in Social Work: Imperfect Methods, Approximate Truths, and Emerging Challenges".The Ohio State University College of Social Wor

Study of CNDO/2 for the Prediction of Geometries of Phosphorus-Containing Molecules

The method of CNDO/2 is presently being used to study the mechanisms of hydrolysis of phosphate esters. The question, therefore, arises whether or not CNDO/2 can accurately predict the geometries of phosphorus containing molecules. Using an optimizer adapted from the method of Rosenbrock, 41 compounds were tested

Reconsidering Drug Involvement among Youth and Young Adults: Implications for Targeted Primary Prevention

The purpose of this; paper is to review two dominant social perspectives on the etiology of substance abuse among youths and young adults-the stage and risk factor outlooks-and to discuss them in light of recent demographic and ecological research. The differential demography of drug abuse strongly suggests that the environmental context influences the use and abuse of substances. In an era of great public concern about substance abuse, the use of individually-focused perspectives appears to have resulted in person-centered skills training programs and say no media campaigns. Consideration of community-level factors in the etiology of drug abuse permits the identification of high-risk schools and neighborhoods, enabling prevention specialists to target specific blocks, census tracts, and similar localities for more comprehensive intervention