La fortuna dels Commons: noves capacitats per als emprenedors socials

Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Network research by data graph management for capacity development and knowledge building in sustainable sanitation

The Millennium Development Goals (MDG) provide clear targets by 2015 and it turns out that sanitation is by far the largest of all the MDG targets affecting about 40% of the global population. The objective of the Sustainable Sanitation Alliance (SuSanA) is to show how Sustainable Sanitation projects should be planned with participation of stakeholders through capacity development activities. Developing the capacity of societies to collaboratively learn through change and uncertainty is fundamental for sustainability science. The aim of this contribution it is to analyze the role of graph database management (GDM) for improve capacity development and knowledge building in the Sustainable Sanitation framework. We provide a theoretical model with four features of network research: link analysis, social network, pattern recognition and keyword search that we illustrate with some examples. Network research allows us to observe how the information in Sustainable Sanitation is scattered properly through the structure and also to detect the emergencies, objections and other characteristics of the network.Peer Reviewe

A circular commons for digital devices: tools and services in ereuse.org

Circular economies are particularly relevant in the context of digital devices or electric and electronic equipment (EEE). Many digital devices built using scarce and potentially toxic materials have a too-short life, instead of being repaired or reused. In addition, informal recycling of electronics in the developed and developing world has emerged as a new global environmental concern. We describe the dimensions of the problem, the challenge to move to a circular economy, and the ecology for digital devices as well as how this depends on the traceability of devices and cooperation among all stakeholders locally and globally. Moreover we examine the need for support mechanisms to facilitate, standardise, and reduce the transaction cost of the processes and increase their added value. We present eReuse.org, a set of open-source tools, procedures, open data, and services organised as a common-pool resource (CPR) to reach the circular economy of electronics through promoting reuse and ensuring traceability until recycling. Further, eReuse.org envisions empowering and engaging people around the world to create local communities that bootstrap electronic reuse and to support the development of a globally recognised reuse quality and traceability standard.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Sustainability and participation in the digital commons

In this forum we highlight innovative thought, design, and research in the area of interaction design and sustainability, illustrating the diversity of approaches across HCI communities.Peer ReviewedPreprin

eReuse poster: the circular economy of digital devices

eReuse is an initiative and action-research project that since 2015 has iterated over research and activism to understand, develop, apply to communities, evaluate and scale-up the circular economy of digital devices. The work, in partnership with diverse organisations, has contributed to the transition towards a circular economy of digital devices that contributes effectively to sustainable development.This work was partially funded by the Spanish Government under contracts PID2019-106774RB-C21, and PCI2019-111851-2 (LeadingEdge Chist-era), and the Generalitat de Catalunya as Consolidated Research Group 2017-SGR-990, the NGI DLT4EU, NGI Policy in Practice, NGI Atlantic projects, Subtract (Interreg Europe), the Association for Progressive Communications (APC), and the Waste Agency of the Catalan government.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Circular digital devices: lessons about the social and planetary boundaries

The digital world can be part of the solution to the coexistence of people and the planet, with large efficiencies gained through digital solutions, but it is part of the problem too, as it requires vast natural resources for digital devices in terms of participation. The challenge lies in satisfying the demand for digital devices for everyone, particularly for those with scarce resources, while preserving planetary limits. We have implemented and optimised a circular economy ecosystem that —through donation, refurbishment and traceability— delivers locally reused digital devices at a fair economic and environmental cost to citizens in need, providing satisfactory computing services and reducing the demand to manufacture new devices, which instead must be more durable. Following the sourcing of 10,000 computers, 1,000 have been successfully refurbished by local social enterprises and used by citizens in the city of Barcelona as a common good, herein we present an analysis of the achievements, limitations, and conditions of this model, which has already been replicated in other areas. It is feasible, and we also explore its scalability and sustainability in economic, social, and environmental contexts. We identify critical success factors, such as the roles of local public or private donors, social-support organisations, and ecosystem facilitators, in mediating among all actors involved.This work was partially funded by the Spanish government under contracts PID2019-106774RB-C21, and PCI2019-111851-2 (LeadingEdge Chist-era), the NGI-DLT4EU, NGI-Policy, NGI-Atlantic projects, Subtract (Interreg Europe), and the Waste Agency of the Catalonia. Many organisations and people have participated in the eReuse circuit and have contributed to improving the model: Pangea.org for supporting the eReuse project since its initial idea, the Centre of Cooperation for Development UPC, the City Councils of Barcelona, Sant Boi and Getafe, and the entities part of eReuse: Asociación Cultural La Kalle-Reutilizak, Solidança, Donalo.org, AndròminesAlencop, Fundación Esplai, Trinijove, TXT-UPC, Banc dels Aliments, Abacus, Sant Joan de Déu-Terres de l’Ebre, Punt de referència, among others.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Circular consumption and production of electronic devices: an approach to measuring durability, upgradeability, reusability, obsolescence and premature recycling

What is circular consumption of electronics? Is it measurable? Can we set goals or compare with other consumers? A principle of circular economy is durability, prolonging the useful life of products. If we move the principle to the function of consumption, we would have that: circular consumption is to make the most of time resources by ensuring that in the end they are recycled, but never before time or prematurely, but only when they can no longer be used or reused by anyone else. In this article we propose a set of measures, metrics and progress indicators to measure the use of resources that consumers make in their use phase. With these metrics we can identify which consumers are the most circular; those who are able to use the same electronic devices for the longest time, either internally, or by collaborating with external agents so that these devices are reused and recycled properly. We have been able to validate usage performance metrics and premature recycling in the analysis of more than 3,000 desktop and laptop type electronic devices. These devices have been discarded by hundreds of organisations in 2018 and 2019. Finally, we propose the metrics of durability and obsolescence for models and brands of devices, which although it does not allow us to know the reasons for a low durability; absence or high cost of spare parts, difficulty of repair, etc., it does allow us to elaborate a ranking so that consumers can reward with their consumption choice, manufacturers who make products that reach high thresholds of durability.This work is partially supported by the Venture Builder program of the Ledger project of the European Commission #825268, the Agència de Residus de Catalunya, the Spanish government TIN2016-77836-C2-2R and the Catalan government AGAUR SGR 990. We thank the eReuse team, Xavier Bustamante, the developers of the smartmontools software, and the community of circular economy activists in eReuse, the Pangea circuit, and the open-source community in general, as metaphorically, we stand on the shoulders of giants that allow us to see beyond the horizon.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Cómo formar ingenieros en informática en la competencia sostenibilidad y compromiso Social

En los nuevos planes de estudios hay que desarrollar competencias que resultan novedosas: prácticamente no han sido trabajadas con anterioridad. Cómo enseñarlas y cómo evaluarlas es una preocupación para los diseñadores de los nuevos planes. Este artículo analiza la competencia “Sostenibilidad y Compromiso Social”, explicando técnicas para desarrollarla tanto a nivel de comprensión como al de aplicación, según la taxonomía de Bloom, y analiza las condiciones que deben darse en un centro para poder implementar estas técnicas en las asignaturas de su plan de estudios.Peer Reviewe

Aprenentatge 2.0

[p.4] Escola 2.0[p.8] Aprenentatge digital: oportunitats i conflictes[p.14] La cara oculta de la tecnologia[p.16] La Fortuna dels Commons[p.22] "El Coneixement us farà lliures"[p.28] Salvant la Terra amb el teclat[p.34] De l’educació a l’aprenentatgePeer Reviewe