Analysis of outer membrane vesicle associated proteins isolated from the plant pathogenic bacterium pv. campestris-2

He brackets with numeration indicate the sections taken from the gel for tryptic digestion. (B) Protein profiles of OMVs isolated from cultures grown in M9 medium and the outer membrane (OM) fraction prepared from the same culture.<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Analysis of outer membrane vesicle associated proteins isolated from the plant pathogenic bacterium pv. campestris"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2180/8/87</p><p>BMC Microbiology 2008;8():87-87.</p><p>Published online 2 Jun 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2438364.</p><p></p

Analysis of outer membrane vesicle associated proteins isolated from the plant pathogenic bacterium pv. campestris-0

Ernatant of pv campestris strain B100 at a 30 k fold magnification (OMVs highlighted by arrows). (B) Immunogold electron microscopy of 1% (w/v) uranyl acetate stained cell at 14 k fold magnification after incubation with an anti-B100 antibody which was detected by a 10 nm gold particle bound to a goat anti-rabbit antibody (gold-labelled OMV highlighted by arrows). (C) Immunogold electron micrograph of 1% (w/v) uranyl acetate stained OMVs at 27 k fold magnification after incubation with an anti-B100 antibody detected with a 10 nm gold particle bound to an goat anti-rabbit antibody.<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Analysis of outer membrane vesicle associated proteins isolated from the plant pathogenic bacterium pv. campestris"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2180/8/87</p><p>BMC Microbiology 2008;8():87-87.</p><p>Published online 2 Jun 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2438364.</p><p></p

Analysis of outer membrane vesicle associated proteins isolated from the plant pathogenic bacterium pv. campestris-3

Lar location or function. The pie charts indicate the number of proteins in each group isolated from OMVs collected from M9 medium (A) from XVM2 medium (B) and the outer membrane proteins isolated from cells grown in M9 medium (C). The percentage values within the pie chart give the amount of proteins grouped as virulence-associated, which comprise the groups of virulence factors and type III secretion proteins.<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Analysis of outer membrane vesicle associated proteins isolated from the plant pathogenic bacterium pv. campestris"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2180/8/87</p><p>BMC Microbiology 2008;8():87-87.</p><p>Published online 2 Jun 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2438364.</p><p></p

Drivers of soil moisture trends in the Czech Republic between 1961 and 2012

Soil moisture dynamics and their temporal trends in the Czech Republic are forced by various drivers. Our analysis of temporal trends indicates that shifts in drought severity between 1961 and 2012 and especially in the April, May, and June period, which displayed such results as a 50% increase in drought probability during 1961–1980 in comparison to 2001–2012. We found that increased global radiation and air temperature together with decreased relative humidity (all statistically significant at p < 0.05) led to increases in the reference evapotranspiration in all months of the growing season; this trend was particularly evident in April, May, and August, when more than 80% of the territory displayed an increased demand for soil water. These changes, in combination with the earlier end of snow cover and the earlier start of the growing season (up to 20 days in some regions), led to increased actual evapotranspiration at the start of the growing season that tended to deplete the soil moisture earlier, leaving the soil more exposed to the impacts of rainfall variability. These results support concerns related to the potentially increased severity of drought events in Central Europe. The reported trend patterns are of particular importance with respect to expected climate change, given the robustness and consistency of the trends shown and the fact that they can be aligned with the existing climate model projections. Introductio