Carbon Fuel Co. V. UMWA, 444 U.S. 212 (1979)

Labor Law-INTERNATIONAL UNIONS ARE NOT LIABLE FOR WILDCAT STRIKES UNAUTHORIZED BY THE INTERNATIONAL AND INITIATED BY UNION MEMBERS IN VIOLATION OF COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AGREEMENTS TO WHICH THE INTERNATIONAL IS A PART

Things ain’t what they used to be? Coaches perceptions of commitment in developing athletes

Appropriate levels of commitment are fundamental to the adolescent athlete, if they are to be successful in progressing through their high-performance environments (e.g., Hill, McNamara, & Collins, 2015). Accordingly, the present study sought to ascertain academy coaches’ perceptions regarding commitment in their developing athletes. Specifically, to understand the levels of perceived commitment, associated behaviors, commonalties and contrasts apparent across a range of sporting environments. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 male UK-based academy coaches (M age = 41.25, SD = 8.76 years), whom worked full time with elite youth performers between the ages of 15 to 18 years. The sample comprised four soccer coaches, four coaches from other team sports (rugby union, rugby league, and cricket) and four coaches from individual sports (swimming, tennis, judo, and badminton), with a mean of 13.67 years’ coaching experience (SD = 8.42 years). Inductive thematic analysis (Braun & Clarke, 2006) identified the following overarching themes: a) what do we want? b) what are they like? and c) what do we do? The study provides a valuable insight into the ideal commitment characteristics and the reality of the adolescent athlete, along with current strategies coaches are employing within their practice. By adding to the understanding of this important area, we hope sporting organizations, practitioners, parents, and coaches can use the information to tailor their interventions and service provision accordingly in supporting their athletes negotiate key developmental opportunities

Simultaneous removal of oil and gases from liquid sources using a hollow fiber membrane

The present invention includes an apparatus and method for removing oil from a oil-containing liquid comprising oil and gas comprising: a source of oil-containing liquid; and a membrane contactor system in fluid communication with the source of oil-containing liquid, the membrane contactor system comprising one or more membrane contactors having a first and a second surface, wherein the first surface coalesces oil and removes gas from the oil-containing liquid, and the oil and gas are collected on the second surface from the oil-containing liquid.Board of Regents, University of Texas Syste

Spread of common native and invasive grasses and ruderal trees following anthropogenic disturbances in a tropical dry forest

Introduction A fundamental challenge to the integrity of tropical dry forest ecosystems is the invasion of non-native grass species. These grasses compete for resources and fuel anthropogenic wildfires. In 2012, a bulldozer from the Puerto Rico Electric Power Authority cleared a 570-m trail from a state road into a mature dry forest section of Guánica Forest to control a wildfire. We monitored colonization by a non-native invasive grass (Megathyrsus maximus), a highly invasive tree (Leucaena leucocephala), and a native grass (Uniola virgata), as well as natural regeneration, along the bulldozer trail. We determined whether bulldozing facilitated colonization by these species into the forest and the extent of spread. Results Distance from propagule source and temporal variations strongly influenced colonization by our three focal species. Megathyrsus maximus invaded along the trail from source populations by the state road. The establishment of new colonies of M. maximus seedlings went as far as 570 m inside the forest (i.e., at the end of the bulldozer trail), but we found most new colonies within 270 m of the road. Leucaena leucocephala exhibited a similar spreading pattern. Before disturbance, Uniola virgata was distributed widely across the forest, but the highest densities were found in areas near the latter portion (\u3e 401 m) of the bulldozer trail. Subsequently, the species formed new clumps along more than half of the trail (250 to 570 m), apparently colonizing from undisturbed patches nearby. Conclusions Bulldozing facilitated the invasion of non-native vegetation. The projected community assemblage will be more fire-prone than before since M. maximus carries fire across the landscape better than U. virgata, emphasizing the capacity of invasive plant colonization to alter local ecological processes after only a single wildfire and bulldoze event. Our results provide a valuable baseline for short-term vegetation response to anthropogenic disturbances in tropical semi-deciduous dry forests

A Quasi-Conforming Embedded Reproducing Kernel Particle Method for Heterogeneous Materials

We present a quasi-conforming embedded reproducing kernel particle method (QCE-RKPM) for modeling heterogeneous materials that makes use of techniques not available to mesh-based methods such as the finite element method (FEM) and avoids many of the drawbacks in current embedded and immersed formulations which are based on meshed methods. The different material domains are discretized independently thus avoiding time-consuming, conformal meshing. In this approach, the superposition of foreground (inclusion) and background (matrix) domain integration smoothing cells are corrected by a quasi-conforming quadtree subdivision on the background integration smoothing cells. Due to the non-conforming nature of the background integration smoothing cells near the material interfaces, a variationally consistent (VC) correction for domain integration is introduced to restore integration constraints and thus optimal convergence rates at a minor computational cost. Additional interface integration smoothing cells with area (volume) correction, while non-conforming, can be easily introduced to further enhance the accuracy and stability of the Galerkin solution using VC integration on non-conforming cells. To properly approximate the weak discontinuity across the material interface by a penalty-free Nitsche's method with enhanced coercivity, the interface nodes on the surface of the foreground discretization are also shared with the background discretization. As such, there are no tunable parameters, such as those involved in the penalty type method, to enforce interface compatibility in this approach. The advantage of this meshfree formulation is that it avoids many of the instabilities in mesh-based immersed and embedded methods. The effectiveness of QCE-RKPM is illustrated with several examples

Intelligence is an illusion: First impressions of intelligence are probably wrong

People judge each other’s intelligence all the time for a variety of reasons such as choosing a lab partner or at a job interview, but how accurate are these judgments? This study assesses the accuracy with which individuals can judge the intelligence of another after a 5-minute face-to-face interaction. One hundred and sixty-one Oregon State University undergraduate students each rated six other group members’ intelligence on a 1-72 scale after meeting for the first time. Later, they were administered three different intelligence tests: Raven’s Progressive Matrices, OTIS and a vocabulary test, which provides the study with good criteria for measuring intelligence as it utilizes multiple tests yet measures the same realm of intelligence. Contrary to expectations, there was little evidence (r=.12, p>.10) to support the contention that first impressions of intelligence are accurate; at least not in social situations. Implications of this study indicate that hasty judgments of intelligence can be misleading in situations that involve meeting multiple people at one time such as choosing study partners, committee members or at job interviews. Future studies should investigate whether longer interactions enable more accurate judgments of intelligence and whether other factors like social context and interaction motivations (e.g. job interview) matter

Education, Protection, and Management of Ezhibiigaadek asin (Sanilac Petroglyph Site)

For the Saginaw Chippewa Indian Tribe of Michigan, ezhibiigaadek asin is a sacred place. Teachings from their Anishinabe ancestors are embedded in this rock art site that holds over 100 petroglyphs. Anishinabe cultural knowledge relates the importance of sharing aspects of these teachings. Yet concerns have arisen over what the Saginaw Chippewa consider to be inappropriate uses of the teachings, particularly in relation to commercialization of the images written on the stone. There is also concern that some of the petroglyphs are fading, and others have been vandalized. The goal of this IPinCH supported Community-Based Initative was to collaborate with the Saginaw Chippewa’s Ziibiwing Cultural Society to explore these issues, with the goal of creating a plan to protect and control the use of the ezhibiigaadek asin site

Storylines of family medicine VIII: clinical approaches

Storylines of Family Medicine is a 12-part series of thematically linked mini-essays with accompanying illustrations that explore the many dimensions of family medicine as interpreted by individual family physicians and medical educators in the USA and elsewhere around the world. In ‘VIII: clinical approaches’, authors address the following themes: ‘Evaluation, diagnosis and management I—toward a working diagnosis’, ‘Evaluation, diagnosis and management II—process steps’, ‘Interweaving integrative medicine and family medicine’, ‘Halfway—the art of clinical judgment’, ‘Seamless integration in family medicine—team-based care’, ‘Technology—uncovering stories from noise’ and ‘Caring for patients with multiple long-term conditions’. May readers recognise in these essays the uniqueness of a family medicine approach to care.<br/