Intrafamilial communication of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer genetic information in Italian women: towards a personalised approach

Genomic testing expansion is accompanied by an increasing need for genetic counselling and intrafamilial communication. Genetic counselling can play an important role in facilitating intrafamilial communication and relationships. We conducted a cross-sectional, multicenter study including 252 Italian women, using a questionnaire divided in two sections, the first one to be filled after the pre-test counselling and the second after receiving BRCA test results. We assessed the factors influencing intrafamilial disclosure of genetic information for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer, family members with whom probands are more prone to share genetic information, and the perceived understanding of information received by counselees during genetic counselling. Women were accompanied to the counselling more often by their husband/partner. Among those with a positive BRCA test result, 49% intended to communicate it to their offspring and 27% to their husband/partner. Younger women, those living with their husband/partner, and those who described family communication as open/profound and spontaneous/sincere had a higher probability of being accompanied during genetic counselling and discuss about it with relatives. Spontaneous/sincere or open/profound family communication and joyful/happy familial relationships were associated with the decision to undergo genetic testing as a responsibility towards relatives. Women had a good understanding of counselling contents (mean score 9.27 in a scale 1–10). Genetic counselling providers should consider that genetic information disclosure does not depend only on the clarity of the information provided, but also on pre-existing intrafamilial communication and relationships, family structure and marital status, indicating the need for a personalised approach accounting for these factors

Life-course theory and romance

Idealistic heteronormative notions of love, romance, and relationships dominate movie narratives. Boy meets girl. Boy and girl fall in love. Boy and girl live happily ever after. While this may appear harmless, these films have the potential to deliver powerful rhetoric messages that lead viewers to adopt unhealthy and unrealistic ideas of love and romance. Films depicting love between a sweet, naïve, and innocent heroine and the mysterious, deviant bad boy have been labelled particularly harmful. These movies follow a reverse Cinderella narrative in which the quintessential, criminally inclined bad boy transforms into a law-abiding citizen after he falls in love with the heroine. Since hetereo-romantic love is the principal storyline in many of these movies, it is often cited as the reason for the fate bad boy's transformation. While these movies may cultivate and reinforce toxic ideas about love and relationships, this may not be due to a film's misrepresentation, but rather a lack of consideration regarding life-course criminology and desistance

From the Headlines to the Jury Room: An Examination of the Impact of Pretrial Publicity on Jurors and Juries

Pretrial publicity (PTP) encompasses all media coverage of a case occurring prior to trial (Greene & Wade, 1988; Studebaker & Penrod, 1997). Importantly, substantial PTP that is prejudicial and anti-defendant in nature can bias jurors’ opinions of the defendant’s character and increase the likelihood of a guilty verdict (see Steblay, Besirevic, Fulero, & Jimenez-Lorente, 1999 for review). Over the past decade, there have been dramatic changes in how the media covers, and the public follows, criminal and civil cases (e.g., blogs, Facebook, Twitter, Netflix, YouTube, and Internet news sources), which has increased the public’s access to case information and removed geographical boundaries. This chapter begins by providing a summary of important court decisions involving PTP, as well as the American Bar Association’s ethical rules for the dissemination of pretrial information. The second section of this chapter explores the amount and type/slant of PTP found in various media sources and the changing media landscape. The chapter then turns to reviewing the social science research and mechanisms through which PTP influences jurors’ decisions. The chapter then examines the effectiveness of current remedies available to address PTP. The chapter concludes with future directions for PTP research and policy implications