Multi-objective design of post-tensioned concrete road bridges using artificial neural networks

[EN] In order to minimize the total expected cost, bridges have to be designed for safety and durability. This paper considers the cost, the safety, and the corrosion initiation time to design post-tensioned concrete box-girder road bridges. The deck is modeled by finite elements based on problem variables such as the cross-section geometry, the concrete grade, and the reinforcing and post-tensioning steel. An integrated multi-objective harmony search with artificial neural networks (ANNs) is proposed to reduce the high computing time required for the finite-element analysis and the increment in conflicting objectives. ANNs are trained through the results of previous bridge performance evaluations. Then, ANNs are used to evaluate the constraints and provide a direction towards the Pareto front. Finally, exact methods actualize and improve the Pareto set. The results show that the harmony search parameters should be progressively changed in a diversification-intensification strategy. This methodology provides trade-off solutions that are the cheapest ones for the safety and durability levels considered. Therefore, it is possible to choose an alternative that can be easily adjusted to each need.The authors acknowledge the financial support of the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, along with FEDER funding (BRIDLIFE Project: BIA2014-56574-R) and the Research and Development Support Program of Universitat Politecnica de Valencia (PAID-02-15).García-Segura, T.; Yepes, V.; Frangopol, D. (2017). Multi-objective design of post-tensioned concrete road bridges using artificial neural networks. Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization. 56(1):139-150. doi:10.1007/s00158-017-1653-0S139150561Alberdi R, Khandelwal K (2015) Comparison of robustness of metaheuristic algorithms for steel frame optimization. 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Bridge Maintenance, Safety, Management, Resilience and Sustainability

Book, 792 pages, DVD 4118 pages (http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/9780415621243

Time-variant Robustness of Aging Structures

This chapter presents recent advances in the field of structural robustness and progressive collapse of deteriorating structural systems, with emphasis on the relationships among structural robustness, static indeterminacy, structural redundancy, and failure times. Damage is viewed as a progressive deterioration of the material properties and its amount is evaluated at the member level by means of a damage index associated with prescribed patterns of cross-sectional deterioration. The variation of suitable performance indicators compared with the amount of damage is used to formulate dimensionless measures of structural robustness. An index of structural integrity is defined to quantify the severity of the structural failure with respect to its consequences. The role of damage propagation on structural robustness is investigated by considering different propagation mechanisms and by using a damage-sensitive fault-tree analysis. The role of structural robustness on progressive collapse, as well as the relationship between structural robustness and static indeterminacy, are also investigated by considering parallel and mixed series-parallel truss deteriorating systems with various degrees of static indeterminacy. Time-variant measures of structural robustness and redundancy are developed with respect to the loads associated to the first local failure and to the structural collapse. The elapsed time between these two types of failures is investigated as a measure of the ability of the system to be repaired after local failure. This approach is illustrated through the application to a reinforced concrete frame under different corrosion damage scenarios

Reliability-based inspection optimization of complex structures: A brief retrospective

This paper presents a brief retrospective of the development and application of reliability-based techniques for assessment of complex structures with emphasis on inspection optimization of offshore and bridge structures. An optimal reliability-based inspection program is the key to optimize the lifetime maintenance cost while maintaining the safety and serviceability of complex structures at acceptable levels. The experience of the two authors from the two different fields, of offshore structures, first author, and highway bridges, second author, is brought together in this paper, which examines the approaches adopted in each field, and the reasons which influenced the way the methods have been developed and applied. The similarities and differences between inspection optimizations for offshore and bridge structures are also discussed

Bridge Maintenance, Safety, Management, Resilience and Sustainability

Book, 792 pages, DVD 4118 pages (http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/9780415621243