Multi-heat addition turbine engine

A multi-heat addition turbine engine (MHATE) incorporates a plurality of heat addition devices to transfer energy to air and a plurality of turbines to extract energy from the air while converting it to work. The MHATE provides dry power and lower fuel consumption or lower combustor exit temperatures

Circular Airport Concept Analysis for Indonesian Archipelago

Circular Airport Concept, issued by Hessellink in 2014, divides the expert opinion, but the project is still running. The idea is how visible to engage this concept into Indonesian Archipelago. To build airport within limit area for several islands in Indonesia is a big challenge. Some pioneer routes which connecting remote areas with a small aircraft is still searching for some development. Another challenge is the environmental sustainability. This paper makes an analysis about application of the concept into Indonesian Archipelago, and how this concept might be a solution. The discussion will cover analysis of airport design, aircraft to operate, and area to be treated

Synthesis and properties of polyesters from waste grapeseed oil : comparison with soybean and rapeseed oils

The aim of this study was to investigate the application of grapeseed oil, a waste product from the wine industry, as a renewable feedstock to make polyesters and to compare the properties of these materials with those derived from soybean and rapeseed oils. All three oils were epoxidized to give renewable epoxy monomers containing between 3.8 and 4.7 epoxides per molecule. Polymerisation was achieved with cyclic anhydrides catalysed by 4-methyl imidazole at 170 and 210 °C. Polymers produced from methyl tetrahydrophthalic anhydride (Aradur917®) had greater tensile strength and Young’s Modulus (tensile strength = 12.8 MPa, Young’s Modulus = 1005 MPa for grapeseed) than methyl nadic anhydride (MNA) derived materials (5.6 and 468 MPa for grapeseed) due to increased volume of MNA decreasing crosslink density. Soybean and grapeseed oils produced materials with higher tensile strength (5.6–29.3 MPa) than rapeseed derived polyesters (2.5–3.9 MPa) due to a higher epoxide functionality increasing crosslinking. Tg’s of the polyesters ranged from −36 to 62 °C and mirrored the trend in epoxide functionality with grapeseed producing higher Tg polymers (−17 to 17 °C) than soybean (−25 to 6 °C) and rapeseed (−36 to −27 °C). Grapeseed oil showed similar properties to soybean oil in terms of Tg, thermal degradation and Young’s Modulus but produced polymers of lower tensile strength. Therefore grapeseed oil would only be a viable substitute for soybean for low stress applications or where thermal properties are more important