Hábitats de Navarra de interés y prioritarios: (Directiva de hábitats)

2ª ed. revisadaEn esta guía se describen los hábitats de interés y prioritarios inventariados en Navarra, de acuerdo con la Directiva de Hábitats. Los hábitats de interés comunitario son aquéllos amenazados de desaparición, con área de distribución reducida, o que son ejemplos representativos de las regiones biogeográficas de la Unión Europea. Los hábitats prioritarios son los amenazados de desaparición y cuya conservación supone una especial responsabilidad para la Unión Europea por la proporción del área de distribución natural que en ella se encuentra. En Navarra se han inventariado 52 hábitats de interés (218.130 ha) de los cuales 10 son prioritarios (28.483 ha); se trata de un número de hábitats elevado para un territorio de sus dimensiones y es indicativo de su diversidad ecológica, ya que supone más del 40% de todos los tipos de hábitats inventariados en España

Análisis de mercado de las sucursales bancarias en la Ciudad de Toluca con técnicas de geomarketing

RESUMEN Esta investigación al realizarse dentro de la ciudad de Toluca permite el diagnóstico de la actividad bancaria al interior de la ciudad, identificando áreas con menor o mayor cobertura de los servicios bancarios a través del análisis de áreas de influencia, determinando si la ciudad tiene el potencial para cubrir espacios no proveídos por parte de este sector plasmado el uso de distintas herramientas para el análisis de mercado con ayuda del análisis espacial y el geomarketing, donde se demuestra la relevancia de estas técnicas y el potencial para ser aplicados a cualquier sector de actividad. Palabras clave

A snapshot of image pre-processing for convolutional neural networks: case study of MNIST

In the last five years, deep learning methods and particularly Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have exhibited excellent accuracies in many pattern classification problems. Most of the state-of-the-art models apply data-augmentation techniques at the training stage. This paper provides a brief tutorial on data preprocessing and shows its benefits by using the competitive MNIST handwritten digits classification problem. We show and analyze the impact of different preprocessing techniques on the performance of three CNNs, LeNet, Network3 and DropConnect, together with their ensembles. The analyzed transformations are, centering, elastic deformation, translation, rotation and different combinations of them. Our analysis demonstrates that data-preprocessing techniques, such as the combination of elastic deformation and rotation, together with ensembles have a high potential to further improve the state-of-the-art accuracy in MNIST classification.Spanish Government TIN2014-524 57251-PAndalusian Research Plans P11-TIC-7765Spanish Government RYC-2015-1813

Learning plant biodiversity in nature: the use of the citizen–science platform iNaturalist as a collaborative tool in secondary education

Biodiversity is a concept of great scientific interest and social value studied in different subjects of the secondary education curriculum. Citizen–science programs may contribute to increasing the engagement of students when studying biodiversity. This work aimed to explore the use of the citizen–science platform iNaturalist as a complement of the elaboration of herbaria in an outdoor activity for 4th course 16-year-old students in the Basaula Reserve. The platform iNaturalist was chosen for its suitability to develop collaborative projects in an educational context. The Basaula project was created and 122 students were trained to record plant species in an outdoor activity. A total of 32 species were recorded, among them the most abundant were beech (Fagus sylvatica) and holm oak (Quercus ilex). The students positively evaluated their experience, highlighting its adequacy to record biodiversity data and make a virtual herbarium. Students valued the innovative character of iNaturalist and its usefulness for research but also the opportunity to integrate mobile devices in school education. We concluded that iNaturalist is a valuable tool to carry out collaborative projects dealing with biodiversity in secondary education.This research was funded by the Education Department of the Navarra Government, grant number CENEDUCA3/2019

Study of the vegetation series of Cuenca de Pamplona-Valdizarbe (Navarre-NE Spain): interest of their mapping and application

Se estudian las series y subseries de vegetación de 77.817 ha del centro de Navarra, para su cartografía a escala 1:25.000. Las series y subseries son indicadoras de las características ecológicas del territorio y complementan la información climática disponible. Se han descrito ocho series de vegetación, dos geoseries y dos complejos de vegetación. Las series climatófilas comprenden 28 faciaciones, reconocidas mediante las comunidades vegetales que las integran. La distinción de las faciaciones no sólo está asociada a factores climáticos, sino también a factores geomorfológicos, litológicos, edáficos e históricos. Estos últimos factores permiten reconocer patrones complejos a escalas de detalle, superpuestos a los que reflejan los factores climáticos, evidentes a escalas más reducidas. El estudio se enmarca en un proyecto que pretende definir la potencialidad del territorio para diferentes usos y elaborar modelos de evaluación de tierras en Navarra utilizando las unidades cartográficas reconocidas.The vegetation series and subseries of 77,817 ha of Central Navarre are studied to be used as mapping units of a vegetation series map at scale 1:25,000. The series and subseries are indicators of the land environmental features and may be useful to complete the available climatic data. Eight vegetation series, two geoseries and two vegetation complexes have been described. Climatophilous series include 28 subseries defined by the different plant communities that form each one. While vegetation series show clearly climatic patterns when studied at small scales, at detailed scales the vegetation patterns show also the effects of landforms, lithology, soils and history. This study is part of a project that is intended to assess land suitability for different uses and to work out land evaluation models in Navarre based upon the recognized mapping units