Implementação do modelo experimental de rinite alérgica crônica no laboratório de imunofarmacologia do Centro de Ciências da Saúde da Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa-PB

Allergic rhinitis is an inflammation of the mucosa in the nasal cavity that pathologically promotes the development of symptoms such as sneezing, pruritus, nasal congestion, rhinorrhea and / or associated loss of smell and taste developed leading to loss of quality of life of the individual. Allergic rhinitis affects about 20% of the world population and studies have also been developed for its correlation with other allergic diseases such as asthma. The worldwide relevance of the disease and the alert to scientific research groups exposes the need for experimental protocols for preclinical studies. The objective of this work was to implement an experimental protocol of chronic allergic rhinitis in the studies of potential drugs with antiallergic activities in the Laboratory of Immunopharmacology. For this, female BALB / c mice were used for the development of the model: on days 0 and 7 mice were sensitized with 100 μL / 10g (ip) of a suspension containing 50 μg / mL OVA and 10 mg / mL Al (OH ) 3 in saline solution. On days 14, 15, 16, 21, 22, 23, 28, 29 and 30 doses of 0.50 μg of OVA in 20 μl of saline were administered intranasally (i.n.). An interval of 15 days was given and on days 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54 and 55 of the protocol the animals were treated with the standard drug dexamethasone. The animals were divided into the following groups (n = 5): negative control (basal), positive control (ovalbumin) and dexamethasone 2 mg / kg (i.n.) 1 hour before challenge. The results were expressed as mean ± SEM and treated in GraphPad Prisma software version 5.0. Statistical analysis was performed by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post-test. The results showed that animals sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin developed chronic allergic rhinitis as evidenced by the intense migration of inflammatory cells into the nasal cavity, specific IgE-OVA production and inflammatory-allergic tissue changes such as mast cells and mucus enlargement . Dexamethasone presented an immunomodulatory effect reversing the allergic process as evidenced in the evaluated parameters. We conclude that the experimental model of chronic allergic rhinitis was implemented in the aforementioned laboratory, being able to perform preclinical analyzes of natural and synthetic products.Allergic rhinitis is an inflammation of the mucosa in the nasal cavity that pathologically promotes the development of symptoms such as sneezing, pruritus, nasal congestion, rhinorrhea and / or associated loss of smell and taste developed leading to loss of quality of life of the individual. Allergic rhinitis affects about 20% of the world population and studies have also been developed for its correlation with other allergic diseases such as asthma. The worldwide relevance of the disease and the alert to scientific research groups exposes the need for experimental protocols for preclinical studies. The objective of this work was to implement an experimental protocol of chronic allergic rhinitis in the studies of potential drugs with antiallergic activities in the Laboratory of Immunopharmacology. For this, female BALB / c mice were used for the development of the model: on days 0 and 7 mice were sensitized with 100 μL / 10g (ip) of a suspension containing 50 μg / mL OVA and 10 mg / mL Al (OH ) 3 in saline solution. On days 14, 15, 16, 21, 22, 23, 28, 29 and 30 doses of 0.50 μg of OVA in 20 μl of saline were administered intranasally (i.n.). An interval of 15 days was given and on days 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54 and 55 of the protocol the animals were treated with the standard drug dexamethasone. The animals were divided into the following groups (n = 5): negative control (basal), positive control (ovalbumin) and dexamethasone 2 mg / kg (i.n.) 1 hour before challenge. The results were expressed as mean ± SEM and treated in GraphPad Prisma software version 5.0. Statistical analysis was performed by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post-test. The results showed that animals sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin developed chronic allergic rhinitis as evidenced by the intense migration of inflammatory cells into the nasal cavity, specific IgE-OVA production and inflammatory-allergic tissue changes such as mast cells and mucus enlargement . Dexamethasone presented an immunomodulatory effect reversing the allergic process as evidenced in the evaluated parameters. We conclude that the experimental model of chronic allergic rhinitis was implemented in the aforementioned laboratory, being able to perform preclinical analyzes of natural and synthetic products

Toxicological evaluation <i>in silico</i> and <i>in vivo</i> of secondary metabolites of <i>Cissampelos sympodialis</i> in <i>Mus musculus</i> mice following inhalation

<p>The ethanolic extract of the leaves of <i>Cissampelos sympodialis</i> showed great pharmacological potential, with inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities, however, it showed some toxicological effects. Therefore, this study aims to verify the toxicological potential of alkaloids of the genus <i>Cissampelos</i> through <i>in silico</i> methodologies, to develop a method in LC-MS/MS verifying the presence of alkaloids in the infusion and to evaluate the toxicity of the infusion of the leaves of <i>C. sympodialis</i> when inhaled by Swiss mice. Results <i>in silico</i> showed that alkaloid 93 presented high toxicological potential along with the products of its metabolism. LC-MS/MS results showed that the infusion of the leaves of this plant contained the alkaloids warifteine and methylwarifteine. Finally, the <i>in vivo</i> toxicological analysis of the <i>C. sympodialis</i> infusion showed results, both in biochemistry, organ weights and histological analysis, that the infusion of <i>C. sympodialis</i> leaves presents a low toxicity.</p

p-Cymene and Rosmarinic Acid Ameliorate TNBS-Induced Intestinal Inflammation Upkeeping ZO-1 and MUC-2: Role of Antioxidant System and Immunomodulation

p-Cymene (p-C) and rosmarinic acid (RA) are secondary metabolites that are present in medicinal herbs and Mediterranean spices that have promising anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to evaluate their intestinal anti-inflammatory activity in the trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis model in rats. p-C and RA (25&ndash;200 mg/kg) oral administration reduced the macroscopic lesion score, ulcerative area, intestinal weight/length ratio, and diarrheal index in TNBS-treated animals. Both compounds (200 mg/kg) decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) and myeloperoxidase (MPO), restored glutathione (GSH) levels, and enhanced fluorescence intensity of superoxide dismutase (SOD). They also decreased interleukin (IL)-1&beta; and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-&alpha;, and maintained IL-10 basal levels. Furthermore, they modulated T cell populations (cluster of differentiation (CD)4+, CD8+, or CD3+CD4+CD25+) analyzed from the spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes, and colon samples, and also decreased cyclooxigenase 2 (COX-2), interferon (IFN)-&gamma;, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and nuclear transcription factor kappa B subunit p65 (NF&kappa;B-p65) mRNA transcription, but only p-C interfered in the suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) expression in inflamed colons. An increase in gene expression and positive cells immunostained for mucin type 2 (MUC-2) and zonula occludens 1 (ZO-1) was observed. Altogether, these results indicate intestinal anti-inflammatory activity of p-C and RA involving the cytoprotection of the intestinal barrier, maintaining the mucus layer, and preserving communicating junctions, as well as through modulation of the antioxidant and immunomodulatory systems