Adiponectin Signaling Pathways in Liver Diseases

In the liver, adiponectin regulates both glucose and lipid metabolism and exerts an insulin-sensitizing effect. The binding of adiponectin with its specific receptors induces the activation of a proper signaling cascade that becomes altered in liver pathologies. This review describes the different signaling pathways in healthy and diseased hepatocytes, also highlighting the beneficial role of adiponectin in autophagy activation and hepatic regeneration

Data on protein abundance alteration induced by chronic exercise in mdx mice model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy and potential modulation by apocynin and taurine

Here we present original data related to the research paper entitled “Proteome analysis in dystrophic mdx mouse muscle reveals a drastic alteration of Key Metabolic and Contractile Proteins after chronic exercise and the potential modulation by anti-oxidant compounds” (Gamberi et al., 2018) [1]. The dystrophin-deficient mdx mouse is the most common animal model for Duchenne muscular dystrophy. The mdx mice phenotype of the disorder is milder than in human sufferers and it can be worsened by chronic treadmill exercise. Apocynin and taurine are two antioxidant compounds proved to be beneficial on some pathology related parameters (Schröder and Schoser, 2009) [2]. This article reports the detailed proteomic data on protein abundance alterations, in tibialis anterior muscle of mdx mice, induced by chronic exercise protocol. A selected group of mdx mice was also treated with apocynin and taurine during this protocol. Detailed MS data, comparison between mdx vs wild type, exercised mdx vs wild type, and complete analysis of spot variation are provided. Furthermore, in wild type mice subjected to the same exercise protocol, the abundance of key proteins, resulted modified in exercised mdx, were analyzed by western blot

Hyperglycemia and angiotensin II cooperate to enhance collagen I deposition by cardiac fibroblasts through a ROS-STAT3-dependent mechanism

AbstractCardiac fibroblasts significantly contribute to diabetes-induced structural and functional changes in the myocardium. The objective of the present study was to determine the effects of high glucose (alone or supplemented with angiotensin II) in the activation of the JAK2/STAT3 pathway and its involvement in collagen I production by cardiac fibroblasts. We observed that the diabetic environment 1) enhanced tyrosine phosphorylation of JAK2 and STAT3; 2) induced nuclear localization of tyrosine phosphorylated STAT3 through a reactive oxygen species-mediated mechanism, with angiotensin II stimulation further enhancing STAT3 nuclear accumulation; and 3) stimulated collagen I production. The effects were inhibited by depletion of reactive oxygen species or silencing of STAT3 in high glucose alone or supplemented with exogenous angiotensin II. Combined, our data demonstrate that increased collagen I deposition in the setting of high glucose occurred through a reactive oxygen species- and STAT3-dependent mechanism. Our results reveal a novel role for STAT3 as a key signaling molecule of collagen I production in cardiac fibroblasts exposed to a diabetic environment