Influence Of Corporate Social Responsibility As Perceived By Salespeople On Their Ethical Behaviour, Attitudes And Their Turnover Intentions

The ethical behavior of salespeople has become a tremendous challenge in the business world. While a great majority of big companies communicate about their Corporate Social Responsibility, this study shows for the first time that Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has no influence upon the ethical behavior of salespeople. However, it demonstrates that a reputation associated with CSR can be a precious management tool that can be used to act upon salespeople’s satisfaction, organizational commitment and turnover intentions. More specifically, CSR policies, as perceived by salespeople, increase their satisfaction level which, in turn, decreases their turnover intention. Likewise, CSR policies, as perceived by salespeople, increase their organizational commitment, which, in turn, contributes to decrease their turnover intention. In addition, this study provides avenues to explore regarding the tools influencing the ethical behavior of salespeople. The answers of 197 salespeople were collected using an innovative recruitment method with high potentialities - social networks

Peri-operative red blood cell transfusion in neonates and infants: NEonate and Children audiT of Anaesthesia pRactice IN Europe: A prospective European multicentre observational study

BACKGROUND: Little is known about current clinical practice concerning peri-operative red blood cell transfusion in neonates and small infants. Guidelines suggest transfusions based on haemoglobin thresholds ranging from 8.5 to 12 g dl-1, distinguishing between children from birth to day 7 (week 1), from day 8 to day 14 (week 2) or from day 15 (≥week 3) onwards. OBJECTIVE: To observe peri-operative red blood cell transfusion practice according to guidelines in relation to patient outcome. DESIGN: A multicentre observational study. SETTING: The NEonate-Children sTudy of Anaesthesia pRactice IN Europe (NECTARINE) trial recruited patients up to 60 weeks' postmenstrual age undergoing anaesthesia for surgical or diagnostic procedures from 165 centres in 31 European countries between March 2016 and January 2017. PATIENTS: The data included 5609 patients undergoing 6542 procedures. Inclusion criteria was a peri-operative red blood cell transfusion. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary endpoint was the haemoglobin level triggering a transfusion for neonates in week 1, week 2 and week 3. Secondary endpoints were transfusion volumes, 'delta haemoglobin' (preprocedure - transfusion-triggering) and 30-day and 90-day morbidity and mortality. RESULTS: Peri-operative red blood cell transfusions were recorded during 447 procedures (6.9%). The median haemoglobin levels triggering a transfusion were 9.6 [IQR 8.7 to 10.9] g dl-1 for neonates in week 1, 9.6 [7.7 to 10.4] g dl-1 in week 2 and 8.0 [7.3 to 9.0] g dl-1 in week 3. The median transfusion volume was 17.1 [11.1 to 26.4] ml kg-1 with a median delta haemoglobin of 1.8 [0.0 to 3.6] g dl-1. Thirty-day morbidity was 47.8% with an overall mortality of 11.3%. CONCLUSIONS: Results indicate lower transfusion-triggering haemoglobin thresholds in clinical practice than suggested by current guidelines. The high morbidity and mortality of this NECTARINE sub-cohort calls for investigative action and evidence-based guidelines addressing peri-operative red blood cell transfusions strategies. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT02350348

Construction d'une base de connaissances et d'une banque de ressources pour le domaine du téléapprentissage

Cet article pose les prémisses du développement d’une base de connaissances et d’une banque de ressources (ou objets pédagogiques) en téléapprentissage permettant aux chercheurs de référencer les ressources de ce domaine à l’aide de spécifications standards fondées sur une ontologie du domaine et de les intégrer en regard de la description d’un ensemble d’activités à des fins de recherche et d’enseignement. Les ressources sont référencées par des métadonnées utilisant une ontologie du domaine et leur recherche est guidée par des cas d’utilisation décrivant les activités où ces ressources seront utilisées ou produites. Ontologie et cas d’utilisation sont définis à l’aide d’un système graphique de représentation des connaissances. Nous concluons en généralisant cette démarche par la description d’un processus applicable à une diversité de domaines de connaissances

Prospective des besoins de stockage dans le batiment

CNRS-CDST / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueSIGLEFRFranc

Ordnungstabilitaet der #gamma#'-Phase der Nimonic PE16-Legierung unter Bestrahlung mit 300 keV Ni"+-Ionen

In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde der Einfluss von Ionenbestrahlung auf den Ordnungszustand anfangs geordneter Ausscheidungen in einer entordneten Matrix studiert. Zu diesem Zweck wurde die Nimonic PE16-Legierung untersucht. In dieser Legierung entwickelt sich bei thermischer Auslagerung eine geordnete #gamma#'-Phase (vom Typ L1_2) in einer kubisch flaechenzentrierten #gamma#-Matrix. Die Wirkung der Bestrahlung mit Ni"+-Schwerionen einer Energie von 300 keV auf die #gamma#'-Ausscheidungen wurde in einem Temperaturbereich zwischen 293 K und 623 K untersucht. Die Verlagerungsrate variierte zwischen 10"-"3 und 10"-"2 dpa s"-"1. Der Entordnungsprozess wurde mittels Elektronenbeugung verfolgt. Bei einer Verlagerungsrate von 10"-"3 dpa s"-"1 und Temperaturen zwischen 293 K und 523 K fuehrt die Bestrahlung nach einer Fluenz von 0.1 dpa zur wesentlichen Abnahme der Intensitaet der Ueberstrukturreflexe. Bei einer weiteren Erhoehung der Fluenz kann nur noch eine verhaeltnismaessig geringe Restintensitaet registiriert werden, die schliesslich bei einer Fluenz von 2-3 dpa nicht mehr nachweisbar ist. (orig.)The effects of ionizing radiation on the ordering state of initially ordered precipitations in a disordered matrix have been studied in the Nimonic PE16 alloy. In this alloy, thermal aging induces an ordered #gamma#'-phase (of the type L1_2) to develop in a cubic face-centered #gamma#-matrix. The effects on the #gamma#'-precipitations of irradiation with Ni"+ heavy ions of an energy of 300 keV have been investigated in the temperature range between 293 K and 623 K. The aging rate has been found to vary between 10"-"3 and 10"-"2 dpa s-1. The disordering process has been observed by means of electron diffraction. At an aging rate of 10"-"3 dpa s"-"1 and temperatures between 293 K and 523 K, the irradiation leads to a significant decrease of intensity of the superlattice reflections after a fluence of 0.1 dpa. Increasing the fluence still further reduces the intensity to relatively low, residiual values until at a fluence of 2-3 dpa, intensities are no longer detectable. (orig.)SIGLEAvailable from TIB Hannover: H93B4312 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekDEGerman

Integration de donnees energetiques dans les documents d'urbanisme

CNRS-CDST / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueSIGLEFRFranc

Structures phonologiques : une etude quantitative sur cinq corpus de langues

Available at INIST (FR), Document Supply Service, under shelf-number : RP 12550 / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueSIGLEFRFranc

Etude des donnees energetiques de l'environnement

SIGLECNRS RP400(146) / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueFRFranc

Atelier CIB W82 - Batiment 2030 Validation et probabilisation des scenarios

Available from INIST (FR), Document Supply Service, under shelf-number : RP 400 (2144) / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueSIGLEAgence de l'Environnement et de la Maitrise de l'Energie (ADEME), 75 - Paris (France)FRFranc