1,363 research outputs found
The higher grading structure of the WKI hierarchy and the two-component short pulse equation
A higher grading affine algebraic construction of integrable hierarchies,
containing the Wadati-Konno-Ichikawa (WKI) hierarchy as a particular case, is
proposed. We show that a two-component generalization of the Sch\" afer-Wayne
short pulse equation arises quite naturally from the first negative flow of the
WKI hierarchy. Some novel integrable nonautonomous models are also proposed.
The conserved charges, both local and nonlocal, are obtained from the Riccati
form of the spectral problem. The loop-soliton solutions of the WKI hierarchy
are systematically constructed through gauge followed by reciprocal B\" acklund
transformation, establishing the precise connection between the whole WKI and
AKNS hierarchies. The connection between the short pulse equation with the
sine-Gordon model is extended to a correspondence between the two-component
short pulse equation and the Lund-Regge model
The algebraic structure behind the derivative nonlinear Schroedinger equation
The Kaup-Newell (KN) hierarchy contains the derivative nonlinear Schr\"
odinger equation (DNLSE) amongst others interesting and important nonlinear
integrable equations. In this paper, a general higher grading affine algebraic
construction of integrable hierarchies is proposed and the KN hierarchy is
established in terms of a Kac-Moody algebra and principal
gradation. In this form, our spectral problem is linear in the spectral
parameter. The positive and negative flows are derived, showing that some
interesting physical models arise from the same algebraic structure. For
instance, the DNLSE is obtained as the second positive, while the Mikhailov
model as the first negative flows, respectively. The equivalence between the
latter and the massive Thirring model is explicitly demonstrated also. The
algebraic dressing method is employed to construct soliton solutions in a
systematic manner for all members of the hierarchy. Finally, the equivalence of
the spectral problem introduced in this paper with the usual one, which is
quadratic in the spectral parameter, is achieved by setting a particular
automorphism of the affine algebra, which maps the homogeneous into principal
gradation.Comment: references adde
Photon blockade induced Mott transitions and XY spin models in coupled cavity arrays
As photons do not interact with each other, it is interesting to ask whether
photonic systems can be modified to exhibit the phases characteristic of
strongly coupled many-body systems. We demonstrate how a Mott insulator type of
phase of excitations can arise in an array of coupled electromagnetic cavities,
each of which is coupled resonantly to a {\em single} two level system
(atom/quantum dot/Cooper pair) and can be individually addressed from outside.
In the Mott phase each atom-cavity system has the same integral number of net
polaritonic (atomic plus photonic) excitations with photon blockade providing
the required repulsion between the excitations in each site. Detuning the
atomic and photonic frequencies suppresses this effect and induces a transition
to a photonic superfluid. We also show that for zero detuning, the system can
simulate the dynamics of many body spin systems.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
Genetic and combining ability analysis of some agronomic and grain quality characters in sorghum
The objective of this study was to evaluate the combining ability, heterosis and variance components of a set of selected restorers and male sterile in sorghum for the following characters: days to 50% flowering, plant height, panicle length, grain yeid for panicle, number of grains per panicle, thousand grain weight, grain breaking strength, % floaters, % water absorption, flour particle size index, rolling quality of the dough and gel spreadin
Acumulação de matéria seca e de nutrientes em duas cultivares de milho com e sem irrrigação suplementar.
Differences Between The Optical/Uv Spectra Of X-Ray Bright And X-Ray Faint QSOs
We contrast measurements of composite optical and ultraviolet (UV) spectra
constructed from samples of QSOs defined by their soft X-ray brightness. X-ray
bright (XB) composites show stronger emission lines in general, but
particularly from the narrow line region. The difference in the [OIII]/Hbeta
ratio is particularly striking, and even more so when blended FeII emission is
properly subtracted. The correlation of this ratio with X-ray brightness were
principal components of QSO spectral diversity found by Boroson & Green (1992).
We find here that other, much weaker narrow optical forbidden lines ([OII] and
NeV) are enhanced by factors of 2 to 3 in our XB composites, and that narrow
line emission is also strongly enhanced in the XB UV composite. Broad permitted
line fluxes are slightly larger for all XB spectra, but the narrow/broad line
ratio stays similar or increases strongly with X-ray brightness for all strong
permitted lines except Hbeta.
Spectral differences between samples divided by their relative X-ray
brightness (as measured by alpha_{ox}) exceed those seen between complementary
samples divided by luminosity or radio loudness. We propose that the Baldwin
effect may be a secondary correlation to the primary relationship between
alpha_{ox} and emission line equivalent width. We conclude that either 1)
equivalent width depends strongly on the SHAPE of the ionizing continuum, as
crudely characterized here by alpha_{ox} or 2) both equivalent width and
alpha_{ox} are related to some third parameter characterizing the QSO physics.
One such possibility is intrinsic warm absorption; a soft X-ray absorber
situated between the broad and narrow line regions can successfully account for
many of the properties observed.Comment: 16 pages including 3 figures, AAS latex, plus 4 tables totaling 5
pages, to appear in ApJ Vol. 498, May 1, 199
Influência do tamanho da semente na qualidade fisiológica e na produtividade da cultura da soja.
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Previous issue date: 2010-11-11201
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