Lung-limited or lung-dominant variant of eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis

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Nintedanib in idiopathic and secondary pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis

International audienceAbstract Background Pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis (PPFE) has a variable disease course with dismal prognosis in the majority of patients with no validated drug therapy. This study is to evaluate the effect of nintedanib in patients with idiopathic and secondary PPFE. Patients admitted to a tertiary care center (2010–2019) were included into this retrospective analysis if they had a multidisciplinary diagnosis of PPFE, had been followed-up for 3 months or more, and had lung function tests and chest CTs available for review. Changes in pulmonary function tests were assessed using non-parametric tests and linear mixed effect model. Lung volumes were measured with lobar segmentation using chest CT. Results Out of 21 patients with PPFE, nine had received nintedanib, six had received another treatment and another six patients were monitored without drug therapy. Annual FVC (% of predicted) relative decline was − 13.6 ± 13.4%/year before nintedanib and − 1.6 ± 6.02%/year during nintedanib treatment (p = 0.014), whereas no significant change in FVC% relative decline was found in patients receiving another treatment (− 13.25 ± 34 before vs − 16.61 ± 36.2%/year during treatment; p = 0.343). Using linear mixed effect model, the slope in FVC was − 0.97%/month (95% CI: − 1.42; − 0.52) before treatment and − 0.50%/month (95% CI: − 0.88; 0.13) on nintedanib, with a difference between groups of + 0.47%/month (95% CI: 0.16; 0.78), p = 0.004. The decline in the upper lung volumes measured by CT was − 233 mL/year ± 387 mL/year before nintedanib and − 149 mL/year ± 173 mL/year on nintedanib (p = 0.327). Nintedanib tolerability was unremarkable. Conclusion In patients with PPFE, nintedanib treatment might be associated with slower decline in lung function, paving the way for prospective, controlled studies

Severe Pulmonary Fibrosis as the First Manifestation of Interferonopathy (TMEM173 Mutation)

International audienceWe report three cases of pulmonary disease suggesting fibrosis in two familial and one sporadic case. Pulmonary symptoms were associated with various clinical features of systemic inflammation and vasculitis involving the skin, and appeared at different ages. A strong interferon signature was found in all three cases. Disease was not responsive to corticosteroids, and lung transplantation was considered for all three subjects at an early age. One of them underwent double-lung transplantation, but she immediately experienced a primary graft dysfunction and died soon after. Recognized causes of familial interstitial lung disease were all excluded. All three subjects had a mutation in the previously described autoinflammatory disease called SAVI (stimulator of interferon genes [STING]-associated vasculopathy with onset in infancy). These cases emphasize the need to consider this possibility in children and young adults with lung fibrosis after common causes have been ruled out

c-MET Overexpression as a Poor Predictor of MET Amplifications or Exon 14 Mutations in Lung Sarcomatoid Carcinomas

International audienceINTRODUCTION:MNNG HOS transforming gene (MET) abnormalities such as amplification and exon 14 mutations may be responsive to targeted therapies. They are prevalent in lung sarcomatoid carcinomas (LSCs) and must be diagnosed as efficiently as possible. Hypothetically, c-MET overexpression by immunohistochemistry (IHC) may prove effective as a screening test for MET abnormalities.METHODS:Tissue samples were obtained from consecutive patients with a resected LSC in four oncologic centers. IHC was performed using the SP44 antibody (Ventana, Tucson, Arizona) and evaluated using the MetMab score and H-score. Fluorescence in situ hybridization was applied with the dual color probe set from Zytovision (Clinisciences, Nanterre, France). True MET amplification was diagnosed when MET gene copy number was 5 or greater and the ratio between MET gene copy number and chromosome 7 number was greater than 2. All MET exon 14 alterations including those affecting splice sites occurring within splice donor and acceptor sites were detected in the routine molecular testing on genetic platforms.RESULTS:A total of 81 LSCs were included. Fourteen (17%) exhibited positive IHC using the MetMab score and 15 (18.5%) using the H-score. MET amplification was detected in six tumors (8.5%) and MET exon 14 mutation in five (6%). A weak positive correlation between IHC and fluorescence in situ hybridization was found (r = 0.27, p = 0.0001). IHC sensitivity for MET amplification was 50%, with a specificity of 83%, positive predictive value of 21.4%, and negative predictive value of 94.7%. IHC sensitivity for MET exon 14 mutations was 20%, with a specificity of 83%, positive predictive value of 7%, and negative predictive value of 94%