La capture du Grand-Morin par la Marne (Bassin parisien, France) : âge et mécanisme

Des sondages, réalisés dans la vallée aval abandonnée du Grand-Morin, à l'ouest d'EsbIy, permettent de dater son abandon du Tardiglaciaire (Dryas ancien probable). La capture qui en est la cause est attribuée à un chenal de la Marne qui divaguait sur un lit exhaussé par les alluvions pléniglaciaires et tardiglaciaires. Elle a toutefois été préparée par un travail des deux rivières, dont les méandres s'étaient progressivement rapprochés durant le Pleistocene moyen.Drillings were undertaken in the fossil lower valley of the Grand-Morin river near Esbly. They date its piracy by the Marne river from the Late Glacial (Early Dryas probably). This capture is related to a braided channel flowing on the raised bed of Pleniglacial and Late Glacial alluvium. However, this piracy was prepared by the migration of the meanders of the two rivers during the Middle Pleistocene

Support, training and regulation as key success factors in developing e-learning

peer reviewedThis paper intends to identify some success factors in the issues of course development and management of change in ODL in Belgium. We will give an overview of the tools and methods for staff support at the University of Liège. Based on four years of experience, we will describe that support and highlight the type of training that appears to be efficient. We hope this clarification could help other universities or training organisations make their decisions in terms of staff support and training towards the development of ODL