95 research outputs found
Moving data down the road: a systematic review of information privacy concerns in Internet-of-Vehicles (IoV) literature
Internet-of-Things (IoT) technology reaches far and wide in the modern world. Many consumer products are now capable of connecting to networks in order to manage and move data that is created through their various capabilities. Automobiles are now being manufactured with the ability to connect to wireless networks. This capability allows these vehicles to transmit and receive data to and from their manufacturers. IoT technology implemented in automobiles and their accompanying infrastructure is considered the Internet-of-Vehicles (IoV) technology. The goal of this paper is to better understand the association between privacy concern and IoV through a systematic literature review with suggestions for future research. Through a systematic screening process, 7 articles were identified which studied the relationship between privacy and IoV technologies. All but one article found that privacy concern or perceived risk associated with data privacy was significant in IoV technologies. These findings suggest that privacy may play an important role in users’ decisions to adopt and use IoV technology. This article contributes to the growing knowledge of IoV technologies as they emerge in the automobile market
Introduction to NoSQL in a Traditional Database Course
Many organizations are dealing with the increasing demands of big data, so they are turning to NoSQL databases as their preferred system for handling the unique problems of capturing and storing massive amounts of data. Therefore, it is likely that employees in all sizes of organizations will encounter NoSQL databases. Thus, to be more job-ready, college students need to be introduced to this technology to begin to have a functional understanding of how it works and how to use it. This paper provides a simple project-based, teaching case that introduces NoSQL and can be easily integrated into any existing database management course to augment concepts and skills geared around traditional SQL relational databases. The teaching case was tested and student feedback (pre- and post-assessment results, shown in the data analytics and results section) indicated a significant increase in their basic knowledge of NoSQL
Corruption Drives the Emergence of Civil Society
Peer punishment of free-riders (defectors) is a key mechanism for promoting
cooperation in society. However, it is highly unstable since some cooperators
may contribute to a common project but refuse to punish defectors. Centralized
sanctioning institutions (for example, tax-funded police and criminal courts)
can solve this problem by punishing both defectors and cooperators who refuse
to punish. These institutions have been shown to emerge naturally through
social learning and then displace all other forms of punishment, including peer
punishment. However, this result provokes a number of questions. If centralized
sanctioning is so successful, then why do many highly authoritarian states
suffer from low levels of cooperation? Why do states with high levels of public
good provision tend to rely more on citizen-driven peer punishment? And what
happens if centralized institutions can be circumvented by individual acts of
bribery? Here, we consider how corruption influences the evolution of
cooperation and punishment. Our model shows that the effectiveness of
centralized punishment in promoting cooperation breaks down when some actors in
the model are allowed to bribe centralized authorities. Counterintuitively,
increasing the sanctioning power of the central institution makes things even
worse, since this prevents peer punishers from playing a role in maintaining
cooperation. As a result, a weaker centralized authority is actually more
effective because it allows peer punishment to restore cooperation in the
presence of corruption. Our results provide an evolutionary rationale for why
public goods provision rarely flourishes in polities that rely only on strong
centralized institutions. Instead, cooperation requires both decentralized and
centralized enforcement. These results help to explain why citizen
participation is a fundamental necessity for policing the commons.Comment: 24 pages, 7 figures (Press embargo in place until publication
Integrating NoSQL in the Classroom
With the increasing popularity of big data, more and more organizations are turning to NoSQL databases as their preferred system for handling the unique demands of capturing and storing massive amounts of data. The likelihood that employees in all sizes of organizations will encounter NoSQL databases is growing every year. College students need to be exposed to this technology and begin to have a functional understanding of how it works and how to use it. This paper offers a teaching case for college instructors to integrate NoSQL into their existing database courses
Integrated care and optimal management of pulmonary arterial hypertension
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) may occur as an idiopathic process or as a component of a variety of diseases, including connective tissue diseases, congenital heart disease, and exposure to appetite suppressants or infectious agents such as HIV. Untreated, it is a potentially devastating disease; however, diagnosis can be difficult due to the non-specific nature of symptoms during the early stages, and the fact that patients often present to a range of different medical specialties. The past decade has seen remarkable improvements in our understanding of the pathology associated with the condition and the development of PAH-specific therapies with the ability to alter the natural history of the disease. This article reviews the evidence for screening and diagnosis of susceptible patient groups and discusses treatment selection and recommendations based on data available from randomized controlled trials. In addition, due to the complexity of the diagnostic evaluation required and the treatment options available, this review mandates for a multidisciplinary approach to the management of PAH. We discuss the roles and organizational structure of a specialized PAH center in Perth, Western Australia to highlight these issues
Engaging Students With Course Content Using Scheduled and Unscheduled Emails and Text Messages
This study addressed college students’ acceptance of push communication (i.e., email and SMS messaging) as a means of receiving course-related content, and modified the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology by including Scheduled Message as an independent variable. Surveys of 301 students’ perceptions of instructor-sent email and SMS texts directing them to materials in six instructors’ 10 courses were analyzed by PLS-PM for their impact on the students’ intention to use these push communication technologies. In contrast to previous studies on technology acceptance, we evaluated actual usage patterns for both the scheduled and unscheduled push communication. Scheduled emails did not yield higher average duration times or unique visitors than unscheduled ones, yet click-through rates and return visits were higher. Scheduled SMS messages did yield higher average duration times, unique visitors, and click-through rates than unscheduled SMS messages, yet unscheduled SMS messages yielded more return visits. We argue that the differences in the results for email vs. SMS may have been due to email’s slower delivery time. We also consider implications for faculty wishing to facilitate distributed learning among students via push communication
Engaging Students With Course Content Using Scheduled and Unscheduled Emails and Text Messages
This study addressed college students’ acceptance of push communication (i.e., email and SMS messaging) as a means of receiving course-related content, and modified the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology by including Scheduled Message as an independent variable. Surveys of 301 students’ perceptions of instructor-sent email and SMS texts directing them to materials in six instructors’ 10 courses were analyzed by PLS-PM for their impact on the students’ intention to use these push communication technologies. In contrast to previous studies on technology acceptance, we evaluated actual usage patterns for both the scheduled and unscheduled push communication. Scheduled emails did not yield higher average duration times or unique visitors than unscheduled ones, yet click-through rates and return visits were higher. Scheduled SMS messages did yield higher average duration times, unique visitors, and click-through rates than unscheduled SMS messages, yet unscheduled SMS messages yielded more return visits. We argue that the differences in the results for email vs. SMS may have been due to email’s slower delivery time. We also consider implications for faculty wishing to facilitate distributed learning among students via push communication
Chandra Detection of a TypeII Quasar at z=3.288
We report on observations of a TypeII quasar at redshift z=3.288, identified
as a hard X-ray source in a 185 ks observation with the Chandra X-ray
Observatory and as a high-redshift photometric candidate from deep, multiband
optical imaging. CXOJ084837.9+445352 (hereinafter CXO52) shows an unusually
hard X-ray spectrum from which we infer an absorbing column density N(H) =
(4.8+/-2.1)e23 / cm2 (90% confidence) and an implied unabsorbed 2-10 keV
rest-frame luminosity of L(2-10) = 3.3e44 ergs/s, well within the quasar
regime. Hubble Space Telescope imaging shows CXO52 to be elongated with slight
morphological differences between the WFPC2 F814W and NICMOS F160W bands.
Optical and near-infrared spectroscopy of CXO52 show high-ionization emission
lines with velocity widths ~1000 km/s and flux ratios similar to a Seyfert2
galaxy or radio galaxy. The latter are the only class of high-redshift TypeII
luminous AGN which have been extensively studied to date. Unlike radio
galaxies, however, CXO52 is radio quiet, remaining undetected at radio
wavelengths to fairly deep limits, f(4.8GHz) < 40 microJy. High-redshift TypeII
quasars, expected from unification models of active galaxies and long-thought
necessary to explain the X-ray background, are poorly constrained
observationally with few such systems known. We discuss recent observations of
similar TypeII quasars and detail search techniques for such systems: namely
(1) X-ray selection, (2) radio selection, (3) multi-color imaging selection,
and (4) narrow-band imaging selection. Such studies are likely to begin
identifying luminous, high-redshift TypeII systems in large numbers. We discuss
the prospects for these studies and their implications to our understanding of
the X-ray background.Comment: 28 pages, 5 figures; to appear in The Astrophysical Journa
Mapping quantitative trait loci associated with leaf rust resistance in five spring wheat populations using single nucleotide polymorphism markers
Growing resistant wheat (Triticum aestivum L) varieties is an important strategy for the control of leaf rust, caused by Puccinia triticina Eriks. This study sought to identify the chromosomal location and effects of leaf rust resistance loci in five Canadian spring wheat cultivars. The parents and doubled haploid lines of crosses Carberry/AC Cadillac, Carberry/Vesper, Vesper/Lillian, Vesper/Stettler and Stettler/Red Fife were assessed for leaf rust severity and infection response in field nurseries in Canada near Swift Current, SK from 2013 to 2015, Morden, MB from 2015 to 2017 and Brandon, MB in 2016, and in New Zealand near Lincoln in 2014. The populations were genotyped with the 90K Infinium iSelect assay and quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis was performed. A high density consensus map generated based on 14 doubled haploid populations and integrating SNP and SSR markers was used to compare QTL identified in different populations. AC Cadillac contributed QTL on chromosomes 2A, 3B and 7B (2 loci), Carberry on 1A, 2B (2 loci), 2D, 4B (2 loci), 5A, 6A, 7A and 7D, Lillian on 4A and 7D, Stettler on 2D and 6B, Vesper on 1B, 1D, 2A, 6B and 7B (2 loci), and Red Fife on 7A and 7B. Lillian contributed to a novel locus QLr.spa-4A, and similarly Carberry at QLr.spa-5A. The discovery of novel leaf rust resistance QTL QLr.spa-4A and QLr.spa-5A, and several others in contemporary Canada Western Red Spring wheat varieties is a tremendous addition to our present knowledge of resistance gene deployment in breeding. Carberry demonstrated substantial stacking of genes which could be supplemented with the genes identified in other cultivars with the expectation of increasing efficacy of resistance to leaf rust and longevity with little risk of linkage drag
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