Cognitive effects of the progressive exercise test in electricians wearing personal protective equipment.

Objetivo: verificar o efeito do esfor?o f?sico sobre as fun??es cognitivas de trabalhadores eletricistas utilizando equipamento de prote??o individual (EPI). M?todos: participaram 28 eletricistas que trabalhavam na constru??o, manuten??o e opera??o de redes de distribui??o de energia. Todos do sexo masculino, sadios e aptos para a pr?tica de exerc?cios f?sicos. As fun??es cognitivas foram representadas pelo teste de rea??o simples (TRS) e pelo n?vel de vigil?ncia mental (NVM). O TRS e o NVM foram mensurados pr? e p?s- -teste m?ximo progressivo, em esteira rolante, a 27 ?C de temperatura seca e umidade relativa do ar de 64%. O teste consistiu em aumentos progressivos na velocidade e na inclina??o da esteira at? a fadiga, com utiliza??o de EPI. Resultados: a m?dia (desvio padr?o) do TRS n?o foi significativamente diferente antes, 227,8 (35,1) ms, e ap?s o exerc?cio, 220,6 (24,6) ms. O NVM foi significativamente maior ap?s o exerc?cio em todas as situa??es: frequ?ncia crescente ? 36,5 (5,1) Hz vs 39,5 (2,7) Hz, frequ?ncia decrescente ? 36,0 (5,2) vs 39,0 (3,88) Hz, e frequ?ncia geral ? 36,2 (4,9) vs 39,2 (3,1) Hz. Conclus?o: o exerc?cio progressivo m?ximo realizado com EPI n?o modificou o tempo de rea??o simples e aumentou o n?vel de vigil?ncia mental de eletricistas.Objective: to verify the effects of physical effort on the cognitive functions of electricians wearing personal protective equipment (PPE). Methods: 28 electricians participated. They worked on the construction, maintenance and operation of electrical power distribution networks. All were male, healthy and able to practice physical exercises. The cognitive functions were checked by measuring simple reaction time (SRT) and mental alertness level (MAL). SRT and MAL were measured before and after progressive maximal exercise, on a treadmill, at 27 ?C dry temperature and 64% relative humidity, wearing PPE. The test consisted of progressive increases in treadmill speed and incline, until fatigue. Results: SRT mean difference was not significantly different before ? 227.8 (35.1) ms ? and after exercising ?220.6 (24.6) ms. MAL was significantly higher after exercise in all situations: increasing frequency - 36.5 (5.1) Hz vs. 39.5 (2.7) Hz; decreasing frequency-36.0 (5.2) Hz vs. 39.0 (3.88) Hz; and general frequency 36.2 (4.9) Hz vs. 39.2 (3.1) Hz. Conclusion: progressive maximal exercise performed while wearing PPE caused no change in simple reaction time, and increased electricians? mental alertness level

Eleva??o do padr?o inflamat?rio sist?mico ap?s sess?o de treino de for?a em jovens treinados e n?o treinados.

Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Sa?de e Nutri??o. Escola de Nutri??o, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto.Os exerc?cios de for?a s?o considerados parte fundamental do treinamento f?sico, sendo a hipertrofia muscular esquel?tica uma das principais adapta??es a este tipo de treinamento. A resposta inflamat?ria ? um processo essencial para o remodelamento do tecido muscular estriado esquel?tico sendo, ao lado dos diferentes par?metros de treinamento, fatores definidores da hipertrofia do tecido muscular. O objetivo do estudo foi quantificar as respostas bioqu?micas e imunol?gicas ap?s uma sess?o de treinamento para hipertrofia muscular esquel?tica em indiv?duos treinados e n?o treinados em exerc?cio de for?a. Vinte volunt?rios, realizaram 4 s?ries de 8 a 10 repeti??es em 3 exerc?cios de muscula??o (leg press, cadeira extensora e cadeira flexora), a 65% de 1 repeti??o m?xima com intervalo de 90 segundos, sendo a dura??o da execu??o de cada repeti??o de 5 segundos (2 segundos para a a??o muscular conc?ntrica por 3 segundos para a a??o muscular exc?ntrica). As amostras sangu?neas foram coletadas imediatamente antes, ap?s, 2 e 24 horas ap?s o final da sess?o de treino. Os resultados mostraram que a concentra??o de lactato aumentou imediatamente ap?s a sess?o e retornou aos valores iniciais 2 horas ap?s o treino. Em rela??o ? creatina quinase houve um aumento em 2 e 24 horas ap?s a sess?o, em compara??o com o pr? treino para o grupo n?o treinado, e no grupo treinado sua concentra??o elevou-se apenas 24 horas ap?s a sess?o. Quanto ao leucograma, houve um aumento na popula??o de linf?citos e mon?citos ap?s a sess?o de treino e eleva??o dos neutr?filos ap?s 2 horas. Ao t?rmino de 24 horas da sess?o, todas as c?lulas retornaram ao seu n?vel de normalidade. A sess?o de treinamento de for?a elevou os n?veis plasm?ticos de Apelina e da FABP3 em ambos os grupos, sendo observado aumento do BDNF apenas nos indiv?duos treinados. Como conclus?o, sugere-se que o treinamento de for?a, segundo os par?metros deste protocolo, eleva o perfil inflamat?rio sist?mico ap?s o treinamento de for?a objetivando hipertrofia.Resistance exercises are a fundamental part of physical training, with skeletal muscle hypertrophy being one of the main adaptations of this type of training. The inflammatory response is an essential process for the remodeling of skeletal muscle tissue, being, along with the different training parameters, factors that define muscle tissue hypertrophy. The aim of the study was to quantify the biochemical and immunological responses after a training session aiming skeletal muscle hypertrophy in trained and untrained subjects. Twenty volunteers performed 4 sets of 8 to 10 repetitions in 3 exercises (leg press, knee extensor chair and knee flexor chair), 65% of 1 repetition maximum with interval of 90 seconds, with the duration of each repetition of 5 seconds (2 seconds for concentric muscle action for 3 seconds for eccentric muscle action). Blood samples were collected immediately before, after, 2 and 24 hours after the end of the training session. The lactate concentration increased immediately after the session and returned to the initial values 2 hours after the training. Creatine kinase values, increased 2 and 24 hours after the session, compared to the pre-training for the untrained group, whereas for the trained group this increase occurred only 24 hours after the session. For the leukogram, there was an increase in the lymphocyte and monocyte population after the training session and neutrophil elevation after 2 hours. 24 hours after the session, all the cells returned to their normal levels. The strength training session elevated the plasma levels of Apelin and FABP3 in both groups, with an increase in BDNF only in trained subjects. As conclusion, it is suggested that strength training, following the parameters reported in this protocol, elevate the systemic inflammatory profile after a strength training

Strength training session induces important changes on physiological, immunological, and inflammatory biomarkers.

Strength exercise is a strategy applied in sports and physical training processes. It may induce skeletal muscle hypertrophy. The hypertrophy is dependent on the eccentric muscle actions and on the inflammatory response. Here, we evaluate the physiological, immunological, and inflammatory responses induced by a session of strength training with a focus on predominance of the eccentric muscle actions. Twenty volunteers were separated into two groups: the untrained group (UTG) and the trained group (TG). Both groups hold 4 sets of leg press, knee extensor, and leg curl at 65% of personal one-repetition maximum (1RM), 90?s of recovery, and 2conc/3eccen of duration of execution in each repetition. Blood samples were collected immediately before and after, 2 hours after, and 24?h after the end of the exercise session. The single session of strength training elevated the heart rate (HR), rating of perceived exertion (RPE), visual analog scale (VAS), and lactate blood level in UTG and TG. Creatine kinase (CK) levels were higher at 2 and 24?h after the end of the exercise in UTG and, in TG, only at 24?h. The number of white blood cells (WBC) and neutrophils increased in UTG and TG, post and 2?h after exercise. Lymphocytes increased postexercise but reduced 2?h after exercise in both groups, while the number of monocytes increased only immediately after the exercise session in UTG and TG. The strength training session elevated the levels of apelin and fatty acid-binding proteins-3 (FABP3) in both groups and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in TG. The single exercise session was capable of inducing elevated HR, RPE, lactate level, and CK levels. This protocol changed the count/total number of circulating immune cells in both groups (UTG and TG) and also increased the level of plasmatic apelin, BDNF, and FLTS1 only in TG and FABP3 myokines in both groups