Knowledge, attitude and practice of the elder residents of Tehran city about healthy lifestyle

Background and Aim: In the third millennium, aging are appeared as a global reality more than before.Developments in controlling of the contagious diseases, nutrition and healthy environment resulted in increasing life expectancy. So the twentieth century challenge for surviving has been replaced by living stay with better quality and healthy aging. Present study was carried out in order to determining the knowledge, attitude and practice of the urban elders about healthy lifestyle in 2008.Materials and Methods: In this descriptive analytic research, 450 elder people of Tehran residents with more than 60 years old were studied. The sampling method was random clustering and structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Interviewers completed questionnaires after referring to their homes. SPSS V.18 software was used for data analyses.Results: 54.6 percent of elders were men. Mean scores in each of the three fields for men was more than women. Our findings show significant relation between age, sex, income and marital status of subjects with their knowledge, attitude and practice. So with increasing age their knowledge, attitude and practice were decreased respectively. Knowledge, attitude and practice of elders about healthy lifestyle was related to membership in public and national organizations, significantly (p=0.01).Conclusion: Our findings indicate on need to comprehensive programming for health education about healthy life style, respecting social determinants of health and encourage elder residents of urban regions to membership in public organizations.Key words: Elderly, Healthy Lifestyle, Knowledge, Attitude , Practic

Primary Pulmonary Plasmacytoma with Diffuse Alveolar Consolidation: A Case Report

Solitary extramedullary plasmacytomas are plasma cell tumors that tend to develop in mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues including the sinonasal or nasopharyngeal regions. Primary plasmacytoma of the lung is exceedingly rare and often presents as a solitary mass or nodule in mid-lung or hilar areas and diagnosed after resection. Herein, we report a case of primary pulmonary plasmacytoma that presented with diffuse alveolar consolidation and diagnosed by transbronchial lung biopsy

Whole exome sequencing revealed a novel dystrophin-related protein-2 (DRP2) deletion in an Iranian family with symptoms of polyneuropathy

Objective(s): Charcot-Marie Tooth disease (CMT) is one of the main inherited causes of motor and sensory neuropathies with variable expressivity and age-of onset. Although more than 70 genes have been identified for CMT, more studies are needed to discover other genes involved in CMT. Introduction of whole exome sequencing (WES) to capture all the exons may help to find these genes.Materials and Methods: Here, we tried to find the genetic cause of the neuropathy in two Iranian brothers using WES. Blood sample was collected from probands and their family members to extract the genomic DNA. The extracted DNA from one of the affected case was subjected for WES. The variant calls were filtered  to reveal the pathogenic variant. Presence of the candidate mutation was confirmed using Sanger sequencing. The pathogenic potential of the variant was examined using in silico software. Using ClustalW multiple alignment, the presence of variant in conserved domain of protein was investigated. The parent and another affected boy were also checked for presence of the variant using PCR-sequencing. Results: The obtained data presented a novel TTC del mutation in CDS 738 of dystrophin related protein 2 (DRP2) gene, which was validated by sequencing. The variant was located in a conserved domain of DRP2 protein and predicted as pathogenic. Two affected boys were hemizygous for the mutation and received the mutation from mother. Conclusion: Here, we provided the evidence for the contribution of DRP2 in CMT. Also, the symptoms shed light on molecular aspect of this genetically heterogeneous disease

Nutrition and lung cancer: a case control study in Iran

Background: Despite many prospective and retrospective studies about the association of dietary habit and lung cancer, the topic still remains controversial. So, this study aims to investigate the association of lung cancer with dietary factors. Method: In this study 242 lung cancer patients and their 484 matched controls on age, sex, and place of residence were enrolled between October 2002 to 2005. Trained physicians interviewed all participants with standardized questionnaires. The middle and upper third consumer groups were compared to the lower third according to the distribution in controls unless the linear trend was significant across exposure groups. Result: Conditional logistic regression was used to evaluate the association with lung cancer. In a multivariate analysis fruit (Ptrend < 0.0001), vegetable (P = 0.001) and sunflower oil (P = 0.006) remained as protective factors and rice (P = 0.008), bread (Ptrend = 0.04), liver (P = 0.004), butter (Ptrend = 0.04), white cheese (Ptrend < 0.0001), beef (Ptrend = 0.005), vegetable ghee (P < 0.0001) and, animal ghee (P = 0.015) remained as risk factors of lung cancer. Generally, we found positive trend between consumption of beef (P = 0.002), bread (P < 0.0001), and dairy products (P < 0.0001) with lung cancer. In contrast, only fruits were inversely related to lung cancer (P < 0.0001). Conclusion: It seems that vegetables, fruits, and sunflower oil could be protective factors and bread, rice, beef, liver, dairy products, vegetable ghee, and animal ghee found to be possible risk factors for the development of lung cancer in Iran

بررسی آگاهی، نگرش و عملکرد سالمندان در مورد شیوه زندگی سالم در دوران سالمندی در شهر تهران

Background and Aim:&nbsp;In the third millennium, aging are appeared as a global reality more than before.Developments in controlling of the contagious diseases, nutrition and healthy environment resulted in increasing life expectancy. So the twentieth century challenge for surviving has been replaced by living stay with better quality and healthy aging. Present study was carried out in order to determining the knowledge, attitude and practice of the urban elders about healthy lifestyle in 2008. Materials and Methods:&nbsp;In this descriptive analytic research, 450 elder people of Tehran residents with more than 60 years old were studied. The sampling method was random clustering and structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Interviewers completed questionnaires after referring to their homes. SPSS V.18 software was used for data analyses. Results:&nbsp;54.6 percent of elders were men. Mean scores in each of the three fields for men was more than women. Our findings show significant relation between age, sex, income and marital status of subjects with their knowledge, attitude and practice. So with increasing age their knowledge, attitude and practice were decreased respectively. Knowledge, attitude and practice of elders about healthy lifestyle was related to membership in public and national organizations, significantly (p=0.01). Conclusion:&nbsp;Our findings indicate on need to comprehensive programming for health education about healthy life style, respecting social determinants of health and encourage elder residents of urban regions to membership in public organizations.زمینه و هدف: در هزاره سوم، پیری بیش از گذشته به صورت یک واقعیت عمده جهانی جلوه گر شده است. پیشرفت هایی که در زمینه های مختلف به ویژه بهبود تغذیه، کنترل بیماری های عفونی و سالم سازی محیط حاصل شده است، سبب گردیده که انسان ها عمر بیشتری داشته باشند و چالش قرن بیستم که زنده ماندن در قرن جدید بود به زندگی کردن با کیفیت برتر تبدیل شود و رویکرد شیوه زندگی سالم در سالمندان مورد توجه کلی قرار گرفت. با توجه به اهمیت موضوع این مطالعه با هدف بررسی میزان آگاهی، نگرش و عملکرد سالمندان شهر تهران درباره شیوه زندگی سالم در دوران سالمندی در سال 1386 انجام گرفته است. مواد و روش ها: این مطالعه از نوع توصیفی تحلیلی نمونه گیری به روش تصادفی خوشه ای و نمونه ها شامل 450 سالمند، 60 سال و بالاتر ساکن شهر تهران بودند. ابزار جمع آوری داده ها پرسشنامه سازمان جهانی بهداشت بود که با مراجعه به درب منازل به روش مصاحبه تکمیل گردید. داده ها پس از ورود&nbsp; در نرم افزار SPSS18 مورد تجزیه و تحلیل آماری قرار گرفت. یافته ها: از کل سالمندان مورد پژوهش 54/6% مرد بودند. به طور کلی افراد مورد مطالعه از سطح آگاهی متوسط و نگرش و عملکرد نسبتا خوبی برخوردار بودند میانگین نمرات مردان در سه حیطه بیشتر از خانم ها بود. با افزایش سن دانش، نگرش و عملکرد سالمندان کاهش می یافت و این ارتباط معنی دار بود. همچنین بین آگاهی نگرش و عملکرد با جنسیت، سواد، درآمد و زنده بودن همسر رابطه آماری معنی دار وجود داشت. نتیجه گیری: با توجه به یافته های این پژوهش برنامه ریزی جامع و دقیق جها بهبود دانش و نگرش و عملکرد افراد&nbsp; درباره شیوه زندگی سالم با روزیکرد عوامل اجتماعی موثر بر سلامت ضروری است و فراهم کردن زمینه مشارکت و عضویت این گروه سنی در&nbsp; انجمن ها و تشکل های مردمی مورد تاکید است.&nbsp; &nbsp

Social participation among Iranian community-dwelling older adults: A grounded theory study

Background: Iran is among the countries whose older adult population is increasing rapidly. The social dimension of health in older adults affects their other existential dimensions. Social participation is a key determinant of health for older adults. This study aimed to explore the process of social participation among community-dwelling older adults. Methods: This is a qualitative study with the grounded theory approach. The study population consisted of eligible community-dwelling older adults. The participants were initially selected by purposeful sampling. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. The time and place of the interviews were arranged in discussion with the participants in advance. Lincoln and Guba's criteria were used to assess the scientific accuracy and validity of the study. The university ethics committee issued the ethics code for the study. Data were analyzed using Corbin and Strauss approach. Result: The results of interviews with 15 participants, in this study, led to the emergence of 12 main categories and 32 subcategories with the core concept of “older adults' desire to stay active”. Social participation of older adults was a concept clarified with the efforts of older adults to stay active in the community. Categories are fully described in the manuscript. Conclusion: Staying active is one of the main concerns regarding the concept of older adults' social participation. The existence of conducive underlying factors, such as a participation-seeking older adult, family, and society, assists in the development of social participation at various levels and multiple forms among older adults

Attitude toward the Patient Safety Culture in healthcare systems

Introduction: Patient Safety Culture (PSC) involves a harmonious pattern of individual and organization behaviors based on common beliefs and values. This study aimed to evaluate the attitude of healthcare providers toward PSC in the hospitals and clinics of Zabol city, Iran. Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 2015. Sample population consisted of the physicians, nurses, and paraclinical staff (radiologists and laboratory experts) engaged in different healthcare centers of Zabol city, Iran. Data were collected using the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC) questionnaire. Data analysis was performed in SPSS V.22 at the significance level of 0.05. Results: In total, 231 healthcare practitioners were enrolled in this study. Participants were divided into three groups of physicians, nurses, and paraclinical staff (n=77, 33.33%). Mean of age and clinical experience was 29.94 and 6.23 years, respectively. Among the main aspects of PSC, “general understanding of patient safety” had the highest mean score (13.53), and the lowest mean score was achieved in “non-punitive response to error” (8.89). In the aspect of “manager expectations and actions promoting safety”, a significant difference was observed in the mean scores of the study groups (P=0.030). Moreover, our results showed a significant difference between the mean scores of physicians and nurses in the aspect of “openness and honesty in communication” (P=0.023). Conclusion: According to the results of this study, improvement of PSC is necessary for the efficient management of hospitals and clinics. This is attainable through collaborative and instructive workshops, developing educational programs, and designing incident reporting systems