Village bamboo preservation (1)

Why preserve bamboo? Preserving bamboo extends its life and maintains its quality. Bamboo culms are a natural material and will decay with time. They are also susceptible to insect and fungal attack. This will limit the useful lives of the products they are used to produce and may reduce the quality of the raw material to the point that it is no longer useable. How are bamboos preserved? There are many methods of preserving bamboos but they can be divided into two general categories; non-pressure methods and pressurised methods. Non-pressure methods allow the preservative to penetrate the bamboo at a natural rate. Soaking the bamboo in preservative and allowing the preservative to penetrate by capillary or wick action are the main non-pressure methods. Pressurised methods force the preservative into the bamboo. These methods are more rapid but require pressurised vessels and facilities that are more expensive to establish and run. What are the uses of preserved bamboos? Almost every bamboo processing unit producing large items (e.g. furniture, fencing, housing) requires preserved bamboos and preservation is preferable if bamboos are used for scaffolding. Preserved bamboos may also be required for smaller items such as household goods and farm implements. What is the role of a village bamboo preservation unit in rural development? A village bamboo preservation unit will provide income generating opportunities for local people. The preserved bamboo produced by the unit will be applicable for a wide range of uses and can be used to supply local rural bamboo processing units that can be established concurrently. The unit will promote the sustainable management of nearby bamboo stands to supply a regular quantity of bamboos for preservation. How do I establish a village bamboo preservation unit? A village bamboo preservation unit can be established with two or three US dollars for a bucket, or up to US $5000 for a pressure treatment plant. A “modified Boucherie” processing unit requires US$500 and other non-pressure methods are much cheaper to establish. Note that preservation is an intermediary stage in the processing of bamboo into useable end products. Knowledge of market requirements for the preserved bamboo is vital to ensure the unit can remain in business and some market research may be needed before establishment.Preserving bamboo extends its life and maintains its qualit

Rattan oil curing (2)

This report presents rattan oil curing, bleaching and preservation as a suitable “Transfer of Technology Model” (TOTEM) for rural development projects in poor regions where rattan is available as a resource and (potentially) used in various applications. The report is meant to serve as a guide for local extension workers involved with community-based rattan processing, and for those interested in developing a small enterprise for the processing of rattan. The information in this report is based on a detailed inventory of the application of rattan oil curing, bleaching and preservation in 38 rattan processing mills in the States of Pahang, Negeri Sembilan, Melaka and Johore. These states are located in the southern parts of Peninsular Malaysia, the focal point of rattan oil curing, bleaching and preservation activity in the country. The first part of the report introduces the technology as it is used in Malaysia and discusses the scope for its implementation, its development attributes and its limitations. The second part elaborates in detail on the process of rattan oil curing, bleaching and preservation, and as such can be used as a manual for implementation of the technology. For additional illustrative material, the reader is referred to the accompanying demonstration film, the PowerPoint presentation and the poster.Rattan oil curing, bleaching and preservatio

A Work Programme for the International Union of Forestry Research Organizations’ (IUFRO) Special Programme for Developing Countries (SPDC)

The proposed work program for the IUFRO Special Programme for Developing Countries through the end of 1990, when it was anticipated, the CGIAR role in international forestry research would be known. The work program was set out in order to seek funding by the donor community, in the hope of maintaining the continuity and forward momentum of the activities during that interim. It also provides the background and describes the present status of these activities as of May 1989. Annexes include a tabular summary of program activities and budgetary requirements through 1990; past support and current budgetary status; training courses given and planned; and descriptions of three projects underway in Sub Saharan Africa. Agenda document, CGIAR meeting May-June 1989

Corrugated bamboo roofing sheets (1)

What are corrugated bamboo roofing sheets? Corrugated bamboo roofing sheets (CBRS) are an excellent alternative to corrugated asbestos, iron, plastic or zinc roofing sheets. They are produced from natural materials and are attractive, durable and resilient to adverse weather conditions and pest attack. They can be produced in a range of standard sizes and can be used to roof dwellings, stores, animal pens and other buildings. How are they produced? CBRS are produced by pressing firmly together woven bamboo mats that have been impregnated with an adhesive resin. The corrugations are formed by pressing them between corrugated pressing plates in the pressing machine. What is the market for corrugated bamboo roofing sheets? The market for CBRS is somewhat variable in different regions of the world but depends to a large extent on successful marketing strategies. CBRS is popular in rural areas where the low prices are attractive. The potential to increase the use of CBRS in more affluent areas is enormous, and there is considerable export potential in the markets of the more affluent countries where their eco-friendly nature could be a major selling point. What is the role of a corrugated bamboo roofing sheets unit in rural development? The unit itself will provide employment to a range of people and there will be extra employment generation in its forward and backward linkages, such as cultivation and harvesting of bamboos, primary processing, mat weaving, marketing and retailing. A unit producing 500, 000 m2 of sheets per year will require a total workforce of over 200 people. The need for a sustainable supply of raw materials will encourage the proper management of bamboo stands, and the establishment of new plantations, with their associated environmental benefits. How do I establish a corrugated bamboo roofing sheets-making enterprise? A corrugated bamboo roofing sheets manufacturing unit requires a regular supply of bamboo mats, electricity, labour and access to markets. An enterprise with a capacity of 500, 000 m2 per year can be established for approximately USD $26, 000 in Vietnam but costs will vary in other countries.Corrugated bamboo roofing sheet

Coming Spruce Budworm Outbreak: Initial Risk Assessment and Preparation & Response Recommendations for Maine\u27s Forestry Community

The Maine Spruce Budworm Task Force was formed in summer 2013 by the University of Maine’s Cooperative Forestry Research Unit (CFRU), Maine Forest Service (MFS), and Maine Forest Products Council (MFPC) to begin preparing for the next outbreak of the eastern spruce budworm. The last SBW outbreak during the 1970s–80s grew quickly, killed millions of acres of spruce-fir stands, and cost the region’s economy many hundreds of millions of dollars. Although it is not possible to predict exactly when defoliation of balsam fir and spruce will begin, how severe the next outbreak will eventually become, or how long it will last, it is vital that Maine’s forestland owners and stewards begin preparing before widespread defoliation begins

Village bamboo preservation (2)

Why preserve bamboo? Preserving bamboo extends its life and maintains its quality. Bamboo culms are a natural material and will decay with time. They are also susceptible to insect and fungal attack. This will limit the useful lives of the products they are used to produce and may reduce the quality of the raw material to the point that it is no longer useable. How are bamboos preserved? There are many methods of preserving bamboos but they can be divided into two general categories; non-pressure methods and pressurised methods. Non-pressure methods allow the preservative to penetrate the bamboo at a natural rate. Soaking the bamboo in preservative and allowing the preservative to penetrate by capillary or wick action are the main non-pressure methods. Pressurised methods force the preservative into the bamboo. These methods are more rapid but require pressurised vessels and facilities that are more expensive to establish and run. What are the uses of preserved bamboos? Almost every bamboo processing unit producing large items (e.g. furniture, fencing, housing) requires preserved bamboos and preservation is preferable if bamboos are used for scaffolding. Preserved bamboos may also be required for smaller items such as household goods and farm implements. What is the role of a village bamboo preservation unit in rural development? A village bamboo preservation unit will provide income generating opportunities for local people. The preserved bamboo produced by the unit will be applicable for a wide range of uses and can be used to supply local rural bamboo processing units that can be established concurrently. The unit will promote the sustainable management of nearby bamboo stands to supply a regular quantity of bamboos for preservation. How do I establish a village bamboo preservation unit? A village bamboo preservation unit can be established with two or three US dollars for a bucket, or up to US $5000 for a pressure treatment plant. A “modified Boucherie” processing unit requires US$500 and other non-pressure methods are much cheaper to establish. Note that preservation is an intermediary stage in the processing of bamboo into useable end products. Knowledge of market requirements for the preserved bamboo is vital to ensure the unit can remain in business and some market research may be needed before establishment.Preserving bamboo extends its life and maintains its qualit

Spruce Budworm in Maine 2020 Annual Report

As growing spruce budworm populations continue to fluctuate in Maine, the Maine Forest Service, University of Maine Cooperative Forestry Research Unit (CFRU), and our cooperator network are tracking populations carefully in anticipation of an approaching outbreak. A comprehensive spruce budworm (SBW) monitoring program requires a multi-pronged approach. It relies on using methods such as pheromone trapping, light trapping, overwintering L2 larval sampling, and both ground and aerial survey. At the core of the Maine Forest Service (MFS) monitoring program lies the extensive pheromone trap network throughout western and northern Maine\u27s spruce-fir forests. A permanent pheromone trap network was first established in 1992. It was made up of 80 sites operated by MFS, J.D. Irving Ltd, Penobscot Nation Department of Natural Resources, and the USDA Forest Service. The program grew substantially in 2014, and since then, with the support of a large team of stakeholders, the pheromone trap network now consists of hundreds of sites

Sharing Common Ground on Western Rangelands: Proceedings of a Livestock/Big Game Symposium

This proceedings includes 37 papers and posters presented at the Sharing Common Ground symposium. The information represents the progress made in livestock/big game management since the 1991 symposium with the theme of Seeking Common Ground. The broad range of topics includes the rangeland resource, the science of livestock/big game interactions, the human dimension, and the success stories from the seeking common ground partnership demonstration projects

Sevier River Basin Floods 1852-1967

This chronology of Sevier River Basin floods extends from 1852 to 1967. Most common and destructive are dry mantle floods, which flow as a muddy mortar-like substance containing 40 to 55 percent water. Hundreds of tons of protective topsoil are removed from watershed lands, debris and boulders are picked up as the flow travels down steep stream channel gradients, and then the flood is debouched into communities and on to productive cropland