The New American Gazette: An Evening with Robert Frost at Ford Hall Forum, transcript

Robert Frost, a Pulitzer Prize winning American poet, addresses his views of America through readings of his poetry. The forum was originally recorded in 1961 and rebroadcast as part of the New American Gazette radio program on March 22, 1990. The radio broadcast is introduced by host Marvin Kalb.https://dc.suffolk.edu/fhf-av/1001/thumbnail.jp

Coherence between subjective experience and physiology in emotion: Individual differences and implications for well-being.

Emotion theorists have characterized emotions as involving coherent responding across various emotion response systems (e.g., covariation of subjective experience and physiology). Greater response system coherence has been theorized to promote well-being, yet very little research has tested this assumption. The current study examined whether individuals with greater coherence between physiology and subjective experience of emotion report greater well-being. We also examined factors that may predict the magnitude of coherence, such as emotion intensity, cognitive reappraisal, and expressive suppression. Participants (N = 63) completed self-report measures of well-being, expressive suppression, and cognitive reappraisal. They then watched a series of emotionally evocative film clips designed to elicit positive and negative emotion. During the films, participants continuously rated their emotional experience using a rating dial, and their autonomic physiological responses were recorded. Time-lagged cross-correlations were used to calculate within-participant coherence between intensity of emotional experience (ranging from neutral to very negative or very positive) and physiology (composite of cardiac interbeat interval, skin conductance, ear pulse transit time, finger pulse transit time and amplitude, systolic and diastolic blood pressure). Results indicated that individuals with greater coherence reported greater well-being. Coherence was highest during the most emotionally intense film and among individuals who reported lower expressive suppression. However, coherence was not associated with reappraisal. These findings provide support for the idea that greater emotion coherence promotes well-being and also shed light on factors that are associated with the magnitude of coherence. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved)

Deduction of probable events of lateral gene transfer through comparison of phylogenetic trees by recursive consolidation and rearrangement

BACKGROUND: When organismal phylogenies based on sequences of single marker genes are poorly resolved, a logical approach is to add more markers, on the assumption that weak but congruent phylogenetic signal will be reinforced in such multigene trees. Such approaches are valid only when the several markers indeed have identical phylogenies, an issue which many multigene methods (such as the use of concatenated gene sequences or the assembly of supertrees) do not directly address. Indeed, even when the true history is a mixture of vertical descent for some genes and lateral gene transfer (LGT) for others, such methods produce unique topologies. RESULTS: We have developed software that aims to extract evidence for vertical and lateral inheritance from a set of gene trees compared against an arbitrary reference tree. This evidence is then displayed as a synthesis showing support over the tree for vertical inheritance, overlaid with explicit lateral gene transfer (LGT) events inferred to have occurred over the history of the tree. Like splits-tree methods, one can thus identify nodes at which conflict occurs. Additionally one can make reasonable inferences about vertical and lateral signal, assigning putative donors and recipients. CONCLUSION: A tool such as ours can serve to explore the reticulated dimensionality of molecular evolution, by dissecting vertical and lateral inheritance at high resolution. By this, we mean that individual nodes can be examined not only for congruence, but also for coherence in light of LGT. We assert that our tools will facilitate the comparison of phylogenetic trees, and the interpretation of conflicting data

Crystalline ionic solutions

Systems of crystalline ionic solutions containing impurity cations and associated compensation defects are described. Interactions between aliovalent ions and compensation defects give rise to configuration partition functions which predict a distribution in ion-defect pair separation distances at low temperatures. At elevated temperatures such ion-defect pairs dissociate, and the concept of pair formation more appropriately gives way to the concept of pair correlation functions. The relative sizes of the aliovalent ion and the host ion which it replaces are seen to exert a pronounced effect on pair distribution. Salient features of the theory are applied to the KCl: Sr2+, NaCl: Mn2+, NaCl: Sr2+, LiCl: Mn2+ and (alkaline-earth halide): (rareearth)3+ systems. While the high-temperature treatment lends itself to comparisons with the Debye-Hückel theory for electrolytes, the low-temperature pair distribution theory is shown to be valid chiefly because of the specific nature of the crystalline ionic solutions

Faculty Entrustment of Students in the Core Clerkships: A Comparison between the Longitudinal Integrated Clerkship and the Block Clerkship

INTRODUCTION: Entrustable Professional Activities (EPAs) have been proposed for use in undergraduate medical education. The ability of faculty to entrust students with EPAs may differ between Longitudinal Integrated Clerkships (LICs) and traditional block clerkships. METHODS: Participants were core clerkship faculty, 64 in a LIC and 31 in a sequential block clerkship. We administered a web-based survey at the end of the core clerkship year to measure preceptors’ typical entrustment (on a scale of 0–10) in students for the 13 American Association of Medical Colleges Core EPAs. We compared entrustment between LIC and block faculty using a Mann-Whitney test. RESULTS:LIC faculty were more entrusting of students than block faculty in 12 out of 13 Core EPAs (p DISCUSSION: LIC faculty were more likely than block clerkship faculty to entrust core clerkship students with performance of most EPAs. This finding is likely the result of LIC faculty having increased familiarity with student abilities because of the continuity of supervision and education inherent to LIC. More research is needed to ascertain the specific features of longitudinal clerkships that increase faculty entrustment of students. CONCLUSIONS: Longitudinal educational experiences may facilitate the assessment of medical students with EPAs

Life expectancy of persons receiving combination antiretroviral therapy in low-income countries: a cohort analysis from Uganda

Little is known about the effect of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) on life expectancy in sub-Saharan Africa

Pinyon pine mortality alters communities of ground-dwelling arthropods

We documented the effect of drought-induced mortality of pinyon pine (Pinus edulis Engelm.) on communities of ground-dwelling arthropods. Tree mortality alters microhabitats utilized by ground-dwelling arthropods by increasing solar radiation, dead woody debris, and understory vegetation. Our major objectives were to determine (1) whether there were changes in community composition, species richness, and abundance of ground-dwelling arthropods associated with pinyon mortality and (2) whether specific habitat characteristics and microhabitats accounted for these changes. We predicted shifts in community composition and increases in arthropod diversity and abundance due to the presumed increased complexity of microhabitats from both standing dead and fallen dead trees. We found significant differences in arthropod community composition between high and low pinyon mortality environments, despite no differences in arthropod abundance or richness. Overall, 22% (51 taxa) of the arthropod community were identified as being indicators of either high or low mortality. Our study corroborates other research indicating that arthropods are responsive to even moderate disturbance events leading to changes in the environment. These arthropod responses can be explained in part due to the increase in woody debris and reduced canopy cover created by tree mortality