Crescimento e algumas características nutricionais do capim-gengibre (Paspalum maritimum Trind.)

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Cultivo do coqueiro gigante associado à exploração de ovinos em áreas de baixada litorânea no Nordeste do Brasil.

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The Impact of Work Clothing Design on Workers’ Comfort

Physical and physiological comfort, at work and during leisure time, is important to human health and motivation. A growing number of jobs require workers to sit. Most clothes, except those intended for wheelchair users, were designed for walking or the standing position. Clothing designs should be user-oriented and meet users’ needs. Garment design should conform to body position and posture, not just shape and size. In this paper we present the ergometric impact of a new type of trousers designed to adapt to changes in position. Concentrations of compression forces, temperature and pressure were documented in an exploratory pilot study and contrasted to traditional designs. The new trousers showed significant decreases in compression force concentration, especially in and around the knees and waist. Most participants identified comfort as an important factor when purchasing a pair of trousers and that, for working purposes, they would prefer these special trousers rather than traditional designs

Diastolic Function Is Impaired in Patients With Prehypertension: Data From the EPIPorto Study

Introduction and objectives: Hypertension causes subclinical changes in left ventricular structure and function, namely diastolic dysfunction. Diastolic dysfunction is a predictor of heart failure, being involved in the association between hypertension and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. We aimed to determine whether patients with prehypertension have early changes in diastolic function in a large community-based cohort of asymptomatic adults. Methods: A cross-sectional evaluation was performed of a community-based cohort consisting of 925 adults, aged 45 years or older, without known cardiovascular disease. All participants underwent detailed clinical and echocardiographic examination. The participants were categorized according to the European guidelines for the classification of office blood pressure (BP) levels as optimal, prehypertensive (normal and high-normal categories), and hypertensive. Diastolic function was evaluated by echocardiography using e’ velocities and E/e’ ratio. Diastolic dysfunction was defined using the 2016 ASE/EACVI Joint Recommendations and a 2017 clinically-oriented algorithm. Results: In this cohort (61.5 ± 10.5 years; 37% men), prehypertension was present in 30.4% and hypertension in 51.0%. Using optimal BP as the reference, there was a progressive decrease of e’ velocity in prehypertensive and hypertensive individuals (12.2 ± 3.5 vs 11.3 ± 3.1 vs 9.6 ± 2.9 cm/s, respectively; P for trend < .001). After multivariable adjustment, both BP categories were independent predictors of a lower e’ velocity (β = -0.56, P = .035 for prehypertension and β = –1.08, P < .001 for hypertension). Conclusions: In this large community-based cohort, adults with prehypertension already showed impaired cardiac relaxation before the onset of hypertension

The impact of work clothing design on workers’ comfort

Physical and physiological comfort, at work and during leisure time, is important to human health and motivation. A growing number of jobs require workers to sit. Most clothes, except those intended for wheelchair users, were designed for walking or the standing position. Clothing designs should be user-oriented and meet users’ needs. Garment design should conform to body position and posture, not just shape and size. In this paper we present the ergometric impact of a new type of trousers designed to adapt to changes in position. Concentrations of compression forces, temperature and pressure were documented in an exploratory pilot study and contrasted to traditional designs. The new trousers showed significant decreases in compression force concentration, especially in and around the knees and waist. Most participants identified comfort as an important factor when purchasing a pair of trousers and that, for working purposes, they would prefer these special trousers rather than traditional designs.This work was financed by FEDER funds through the Competitive Factors Operational Program (COMPETE) and by national funds through FCT (Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology) with the projects PEst- C/CTM/U10264/2013, ID/CEC/00319/2013, BD SFRH/BD/79762/2011, NORTE-07-0401-FEDER-031444 and NORTE-07-0402-FEDER-019152

Guia Prático para a Utilização dos Inibidores da PCSK9 em Portugal

Reducing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels is one of the most important strategies for reducing the risk of cardiovascular events. However, in clinical practice, a high proportion of patients do not achieve recommended LDL-C levels through lifestyle and lipid-lowering therapy with statins and ezetimibe. PCSK9 inhibitors (PCSK9i) are a new therapeutic option that significantly (50-60%) reduces LDL-C levels, which in clinical trials translates into an additional reduction in risk for cardiovascular events, and has a good safety profile. However, it is a high-cost therapy, and therefore its use in clinical practice should take its cost-effectiveness into account. Priority should be given to use in patients at higher cardiovascular risk and those in whom high LDL-C levels persist despite optimal lipid-lowering therapy. This consensus document aims to summarize the main data on the clinical use of PCSK9i and to make recommendations for Portugal on the profile of patients who may benefit most from this therapy.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Thyroid Hormones within the Normal Range and Cardiac Function in the General Population: The EPIPorto Study

Background: Hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism are associated with marked changes in cardiac structure and function. However, the association of thyroid function within the normal range with cardiac structure and function in the general population remains uncertain. Methods: Eight hundred thirty-five subjects aged ≥45 years from the EPIPorto cohort (evaluation between 2006 and 2008) were cross-sectionally analyzed. We excluded participants with TSH, free T4 (FT4), or free T3 (FT3) outside of the reference range or with self-reported cardiovascular or thyroid disease. Cardiac structure and function were evaluated by echocardiography. We used linear regression models unadjusted and adjusted for sex and age (model 1), and sex, age, BMI, diabetes, hypertension, and smoking (model 2). Nonlinear associations were assessed using restricted cubic splines. Results: The mean age was 61.5 years (SD 10.5); 61.1% of the patients were women. In the adjusted model 2, heart rate was positively associated with FT3; diastolic blood pressure was positively associated with TSH; LV end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes were inversely associated with TSH, and ejection fraction was nonlinearly associated with FT3, with higher ejection fractions near the limits of the reference range. Left ventricle (LV) posterior wall thickness was nonlinearly associated with FT4 in the adjusted model 1, with a greater thickness near the limits of the reference range. Regarding diastolic function, no significant associations were observed in adjusted models. Conclusions: Thyroid function within the reference range was associated with heart rate, blood pressure, cardiac structure, and function. Increasing thyroid function (lower TSH, higher FT4, or higher FT3) was associated with a higher heart rate, a lower diastolic blood pressure, and larger LV volumes. LV wall thickness and ejection fraction had a U-shaped association with thyroid hormones.This work was supported by the DOCnet project (NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000003), supported by Norte Portugal Regional Operational Program (NORTE 2020), under the PORTUGAL 2020 Partnership Agreement, through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), and the NETDIAMOND project (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-016385), supported by European Structural and Investment Funds, Lisbon’s Regional Operational Program 2020, and national funds from the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology – both projects through the Cardiovascular Research Center (UnIC, FCT 51/94) – and by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (grant POCI/SAU-ESP/61492/2004) and the Unidade de Investigação em Epidemiologia – Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto (EPIUnit) (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-006862, ref. info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UID/DTP/04750/2013/PT)

Condicionantes geomorfológicos dos deslizamentos nas encostas : avaliação de metodologias e aplicação de modelo de previsão de áreas susceptíveis

Deslizamentos são episódios de extrema importância, resultantes da atuação de processos geomorfológicos nas mais diversas escalas temporais causando, em geral, enormes prejuízos à sociedade. Dentre os diversos fatores condicionantes destacam-se os parâmetros morfológicos do terreno, os quais controlam diretamente o equilíbrio das forças e, indiretamente, a dinâmica hidrológica dos solos. Embora muitos estudos tenham voltado a atenção para a descrição de eventos e para o monitoramento de campo, pouco ainda se sabe sobre a previsão de ocorrência destes fenômenos. Acredita-se aqui que a combinação de mapeamentos e monitoramentos de campo, através de modelos matemáticos baseados em processos, tenha muito a contribuir nessa direção. Neste sentido, diversos estudos de campo vêm sendo realizados nas bacias dos rios Quitite e Papagaio no sentido de caracterizar o papel desempenhado pelos diversos parâmetros topográficos no condicionamento dos deslizamentos ali ocorridos em 1996. A partir do modelo digital de terreno das bacias, com uma resolução de 4m2, combinado com vários mapeamentos ali realizados, foi definido o potencial de deslizamento para as diversas classes de cada atributo topográfico. Paralelamente, foram realizados ensaios de campo com o permeâmetro de Guelph e simulações com o modelo matemático SHALSTAB, voltado para a previsão de áreas instáveis, de modo a englobar os mais diferentes cenários. Os resultados atestam o importante papel desempenhado pelos parâmetros topográficos forma da encosta e área de contribuição, geralmente desprezados pelas metodologias de previsão de áreas susceptíveis a deslizamentos. ______________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTLandslides are important geomorphological processes, acting along different temporal scales and generally causing huge problems to society. Between the different controlling factors an important role is played by the morphological parameters which directly affect the equilibrium between the forces and indirectly control hillslope hydrology. Although many studies have focused on the description of previous events and field monitoring, little is known about landslide prediction, defining where and when these processes will happen in the near future. It is believed that the combination of field mapping and monitoring with process-based mathematical models is an important tool to landslide investigation. A variety of studies have been carried out in Quitite and Papagaio river basins in order to investigate the role played by the topographic parameters in the landslides triggered by 1996 intense rainstorms. Based on the digital terrain model of the basins, with a 4m2 resolution, together with the different maps obtained, a landslide potential index for the many classes of each topographic attribute was defined. At the same time, field experiments with the Guelph permeameter were carried out and a variety of scenarios were simulated with the SHALSTAB model, a mathematical model for the topographic control on shallow landslides. The results attest the important role played by the topographic parameters hillslope form and contribution area on landsliding in the studied area. However, these topographic attributes are not considered by most of the procedures used to predict landslide generatio

Impact of the 2016 ASE/EACVI recommendations on the prevalence of diastolic dysfunction in the general population

Aims: Diastolic dysfunction (DD) is frequent in the general population; however, the assessment of diastolic function remains challenging. We aimed to evaluate the impact of the recent 2016 American Society of Echocardiography (ASE)/European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging (EACVI) recommendations in the prevalence and grades of DD compared with the 2009 guidelines and the Canberra Study Criteria (CSC). Methods and results: Within a population-based cohort, a total of 1000 individuals, aged ≥45 years, were evaluated retrospectively. Patients with previously known cardiac disease or ejection fraction <50% were excluded. Diastolic function was assessed by transthoracic echocardiography. DD prevalence and grades were determined according to the three classifications. The mean age was 62.0 ± 10.5 years and 37% were men. The prevalence of DD was 1.4% (n = 14) with the 2016 recommendations, 38.1% (n = 381) with the 2009 recommendations, and 30.4% (n = 304) using the CSC. The concordance between the updated recommendations and the other two was poor (from k = 0.13 to k = 0.18, P < 0.001). Regarding the categorization in DD grades, none of the 14 individuals with DD by the 2016 guidelines were assigned to Grade 1 DD, 64% were classified as Grade 2, 7% had Grade 3, and 29% had indeterminate grade. Conclusion: The application of the new 2016 ASE/EACVI recommendations resulted in a much lower prevalence of DD. The concordance between the classifications was poor. The updated algorithm seems to be able to diagnose only the most advanced cases