Repulsion of an evolving surface on walls with random heights

We consider the motion of a discrete random surface interacting by exclusion with a random wall. The heights of the wall at the sites of $\Z^d$ are i.i.d.\ random variables. Fixed the wall configuration, the dynamics is given by the serial harness process which is not allowed to go below the wall. We study the effect of the distribution of the wall heights on the repulsion speed.Comment: 8 page

Two-dimensional Poisson Trees converge to the Brownian web

The Brownian web can be roughly described as a family of coalescing one-dimensional Brownian motions starting at all times in $\R$ and at all points of $\R$. It was introduced by Arratia; a variant was then studied by Toth and Werner; another variant was analyzed recently by Fontes, Isopi, Newman and Ravishankar. The two-dimensional \emph{Poisson tree} is a family of continuous time one-dimensional random walks with uniform jumps in a bounded interval. The walks start at the space-time points of a homogeneous Poisson process in $\R^2$ and are in fact constructed as a function of the point process. This tree was introduced by Ferrari, Landim and Thorisson. By verifying criteria derived by Fontes, Isopi, Newman and Ravishankar, we show that, when properly rescaled, and under the topology introduced by those authors, Poisson trees converge weakly to the Brownian web.Comment: 22 pages, 1 figure. This version corrects an error in the previous proof. The results are the sam

A line-binned treatment of opacities for the spectra and light curves from neutron star mergers

The electromagnetic observations of GW170817 were able to dramatically increase our understanding of neutron star mergers beyond what we learned from gravitational waves alone. These observations provided insight on all aspects of the merger from the nature of the gamma-ray burst to the characteristics of the ejected material. The ejecta of neutron star mergers are expected to produce such electromagnetic transients, called kilonovae or macronovae. Characteristics of the ejecta include large velocity gradients, relative to supernovae, and the presence of heavy $r$-process elements, which pose significant challenges to the accurate calculation of radiative opacities and radiation transport. For example, these opacities include a dense forest of bound-bound features arising from near-neutral lanthanide and actinide elements. Here we investigate the use of fine-structure, line-binned opacities that preserve the integral of the opacity over frequency. Advantages of this area-preserving approach over the traditional expansion-opacity formalism include the ability to pre-calculate opacity tables that are independent of the type of hydrodynamic expansion and that eliminate the computational expense of calculating opacities within radiation-transport simulations. Tabular opacities are generated for all 14 lanthanides as well as a representative actinide element, uranium. We demonstrate that spectral simulations produced with the line-binned opacities agree well with results produced with the more accurate continuous Monte Carlo Sobolev approach, as well as with the commonly used expansion-opacity formalism. Additional investigations illustrate the convergence of opacity with respect to the number of included lines, and elucidate sensitivities to different atomic physics approximations, such as fully and semi-relativistic approaches.Comment: 27 pages, 22 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1702.0299

Analytical results for a Bessel function times Legendre polynomials class integrals

When treating problems of vector diffraction in electromagnetic theory, the evaluation of the integral involving Bessel and associated Legendre functions is necessary. Here we present the analytical result for this integral that will make unnecessary numerical quadrature techniques or localized approximations. The solution is presented using the properties of the Bessel and associated Legendre functions.Comment: 4 page

Modificação da composição florística da comunidade de plantas daninhas em guaranazal submetido à correção da fertilidade do solo.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar alterações na composição específica de plantas daninhas em um guaranazal submetido à gessagem

Stability of a lyophilized milk enriched with microbial CLA/CLNA

Conjugated linoleic (CLA) and conjugated linolenic (CLNA) acids have been described with potential bioactive properties. Due limited availability in their natural sources (e.g. ruminants’ milk and meat or vegetable oils), in situ microbial production in dairy products may potentially improve CLA/CLNA daily intake. Several probiotic strains have been reported to produce CLA/CLNA isomers using linoleic (LA) and alpha-linolenic (α-LNA) acids as precursor substrates, respectively. Previous work by this research team led to the formulation of a CLA/CLNA-enriched lyophilized milk, using Bifidobacterium breve DSM 20091 and hydrolysed flaxseed oil (FSO; rich in α-LNA). Since CLA, CLNA, LA and α-LNA are polyunsaturated and prone to oxidation, this research aimed to investigate if this new functional milk product is stable at conditions mimicking shelf-life. Pasteurized cow milk (100 mL) inoculated with B. breve DSM 20091 and hydrolysed FSO or not (control) was fermented for 22 h at 37 ºC under anaerobic conditions. Afterwards, samples were lyophilized and stored at room temperature in an exicator, being air- and light-protected. Samples were taken at the beginning (T0wk) and every 4 weeks until the end of the assay (T12wk) for further microbial counting and fatty acid (FA) analysis. Concerning to B. breve DSM 20091 viable cell counting, counts remained below the countable range during the entire study, so as total microbial counting. As for FA analysis, in the non-esterified fraction, the CLA and CLNA contents in the enriched milk product increased after 4 weeks (up to 1.80 and 11.12 mg/g, respectively) and, thereafter, no significant differences were detected. The same was observed for total polyunsaturated FA, but, in the esterified fraction, its level increased significantly after 8 weeks (up to 6.01 mg/g) and then reduced to 5.18 mg/g at the end of the study. In conclusion, a lyophilised milk enriched with microbial CLA/CLNA is not entirely stable, including its CLA/CLNA content, which was inclusively enhanced.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio