Projet REPAIR: Restauration des patchs anthropiques dans l’herbier de Posidonie

REPAIR14. Life below water13. Climate actio

Restoration of anthropogenic patches in Posidonia oceanica meadows

REPAI

Segmentation non supervisée d'images par analyse de la connexité Application à la détection de lésions virales sur des images de fond d'oeil

Dans cet article, nous présentons une méthode de segmentation originale basée sur l'analyse de la connexité. Par analyse d'un tableau triangulaire appelé «Pyramide des degrés de connexité normalisés», l'image est décomposée en différents ensembles constitués de pixels connexes dont les niveaux de gris sont homogènes. Cette méthode est utilisée afin de détecter des lésions rétiniennes sur des images de fond d'oeil

Premium food for offspring? Black-backed Woodpecker (Picoides arcticus) diet during breeding season in eastern Canada

Knowledge on the diet of the Black-backed Woodpecker (Picoides arcticus Swainson, 1832) is fragmentary and relies on a limited number of studies. Gaps remain in our understanding of the plasticity of its diet, particularly in the eastern part of its range. The main objective of this study was to assess the diet of Black-backed Woodpeckers in burned and unburned habitats and among sexes and ages in Québec. We collected feces and fecal bags from unburned and burned habitats in the Central Laurentians ecoregion of the eastern boreal shield ecozone and assessed diets based on identified prey items. Buprestidae and Cerambycidae of the sub-family Lamiinae were the predominant prey for adult Black-backed Woodpeckers in burned habitats, and the Pythidae Pytho niger (Kirby, 1837) and Lamiinae were the most prevalent prey in unburned habitats. Lamiinae were the most predominant prey items provisioned to nestling in burned habitat, while P. niger was their predominant food in unburned habitat, followed by Cerambycidae (without Lamiinae) and Lamiinae. Our results present new insights into Black-backed Woodpecker diet where parents feed their offspring with the largest prey available, potentially providing higher fitness for their offspring. Furthermore, our study confirms that Black-backed Woodpeckers, at least in the eastern part of its range, are not restricted to feed on Lamiinae but are rather opportunistic in taking advantage from resource–pulse interactions provided by recently disturbed habitats, especially from recently burned habitats

Trait matching and sampling effort shape the structure of the frugivory network in Afrotropical forests

Frugivory in tropical forests is a major ecological process as most tree species rely on frugi-vores to disperse their seeds. However, the underlying mechanisms driving frugivore-plant networks remain understudied. Here, we evaluate the data available on the Afrotropical fru-givory network to identify structural properties, as well as assess knowledge gaps. We assembled a database of frugivory interactions from the literature with > 10 000 links, between 807 tree and 285 frugivore species. We analysed the network structure using a block model that groups species with similar interaction patterns and estimates interaction probabilities among them. We investigated the species traits related to this grouping structure. This frugivory network was simplified into 14 tree and 14 frugivore blocks. The block structure depended on the sampling effort among species: Large mammals were better-studied, while smaller frugivores were the least studied. Species traits related to frugivory were strong predictors of the species composition of blocks and interactions among them. Fruits from larger trees were consumed by most frugivores, and large frugivores had higher probabilities to consume larger fruits. To conclude, this large-scale frugivory network was mainly structured by species traits involved in frugivory, and as expected by the distribution areas of species, while still being limited by sampling incompleteness

Climate Change Impact on Water Column in Corsica

peer reviewedSTARECAPME