Long-Lasting Efficacy of Radio Electric Asymmetric Conveyer Neuromodulation Treatment on Functional Dysmetria, an Adaptive Motor Behavior

BackgroundFluctuating asymmetry (FA) is widely defined as the deviation from perfect bilateral symmetry and is considered an epigenetic measure of environmental stress. Rinaldi and Fontani hypothesized that the FA morpho-functional changes originate from an adaptive motor behavior determined by functional alterations in the cerebellum and neural circuits, not caused by a lesion, but induced by environmental stress. They called this phenomenon functional dysmetria (FD). On this premise, they developed the radio electric asymmetric conveyer (REAC) technology, a neuromodulation technology aimed at optimizing the best neuro-psycho-motor strategies in relation to environmental interaction.AimsPrevious studies showed that specific REAC neuro postural optimization (NPO) treatment can induce stable FD recovery. This study aimed to verify the duration of the NPO effect in inducing the stable FD recovery over timeMaterials and methodsData were retrospectively collected from a population of 29,794 subjects who underwent a specific semiological FD assessment and received the NPO treatment, regardless of the pathology referred.ResultsThe analysis of the data collected by the various participants in the study led us to ascertain the disappearance of FD in 100% of the cases treated, with a stability of the result detected up to 18 years after the single administration of the REAC NPO treatment.ConclusionsThe REAC NPO neurobiological modulation treatment consisting of a single administration surprisingly maintains a very long efficacy in the correction of FD. This effect can be explained as the long-lasting capacity of the NPO treatment to induce greater functional efficiency of the brain dynamics as proven in previous studies

Alterações das características químicas de três substratos comerciais na produção de mudas cítricas Change of the chemical characteristics of three commercial substrates in the production of citric seedlings

Avaliou-se a dinâmica dos nutrientes em três substratos comerciais em que cultivaram-se mudas cítricas, desde o momento da repicagem dos porta-enxertos até a fase final de produção das mesmas. O experimento foi conduzido em ambiente protegido, sendo as mudas cultivadas em citropotes de 4L. O experimento foi desenvolvido na Estação Experimental Agronômica da UFRGS em Eldorado do Sul, RS, no período de junho/2003 a novembro/2004, e obedeceu ao delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial 3 x 3 x 2, sendo: 3 substratos comerciais de cultivo (Comercial 1, 2 e 3 - composto de turfa preta; cascas processadas e enriquecidas, perlita, vermiculita expandida e turfa; e, casca de pinus compostada e vermiculita, respectivamente), 3 porta-enxertos (Trifoliata - Poncirus trifoliata [L.] Raf.; citrangeiro 'C13' - Citrus sinensis [L.] Osbeck x P. trifoliata [L.] Raf.; e limoeiro 'Cravo' - C. limonia Osbeck) e 2 variedades copa (laranjeira 'Valência' C. sinensis [L.] Osbeck e a tangerineira 'Montenegrina' - C. deliciosa Tenore). Empregou-se o sistema de irrigação por gotejamento. Avaliou-se a caracterização química dos substratos e conteúdo nutricional foliar e a massa seca da raiz e da parte aérea. Nas condições deste experimento, os substratos apresentam perdas consideráveis de nutrientes, especialmente de fósforo e potássio. No entanto, observa-se que o substrato Comercial 2 apresenta maior aporte de nutrientes, quando comparado com os outros substratos, proporcionando maior acúmulo de massa seca nos porta-enxertos, no momento da enxertia e nas mudas cítricas no final do experimento.<br>The dynamics of nutrients in three commercial substrates were evaluated, from the transplanting until final nursery. The rootstocks were cultivated in 4L containers under greenhouse conditions. The experiment was developed at Estação Experimental Agronômica of UFRGS from June/2003 to November/2004, with the experimental design of completely randomized blocks, in factorial 3 x 3 x 2, where 3 commercial substrates were tested (Commercial 1, 2 and 3 - composed of black turf; processed and enriched barks, perlite, vermiculite expanded and turf; and, composted pine bark and vermiculite, respectively), 3 citrus rootstocks (Trifoliate orange - Poncirus trifoliata [L.] Raf.; 'C13' citrange - Citrus sinensis [L.] Osbeck x P. trifoliata [L.] Raf.; and 'Rangpur' lime - C. limonia Osbeck) and 2 citrus varieties ('Valencia' - C. sinensis [L.] Osbeck and the 'Montenegrina' mandarin - C. deliciosa Tenore). One evaluated the substrate chemical characterization and foliar nutritional content and dry mass content of the rootstock. The substrates showed significant reductions in the concentration of nutrients, specially phosphorus and potassium. However, one observed that the Commercial 2 substrate presents greater port of nutrients when compared to the other substrates, providing larger accumulation of dry mass in the rootstocks at grafting time and final nursery production