Youth involvement in policy processes in public health, education, and social work: Protocol for a scoping review

The objective of this scoping review is to understand the extent and impact of youth involvement in policy processes within public health, education, and social work. Youth involvement in policy processes may enhance the relevance of policies and strengthen democratic practices. This scoping review aims to explore the nature, extent, and impact of youth involvement in policy processes in public health, education, and social work, with a focus on health, well-being, and obesity prevention. Empirical studies published from 1989 and evaluating involvement of youth aged 10 to 19 years old from all socioeconomic backgrounds and countries. Studies will be searched in seven databases. Data will be extracted and synthesized narratively by rights-based perspectives on youth involvement, practical processes of the involvement, and social experiences using descriptive statistics and visuals

Primary and secondary prevention interventions for cognitive decline and dementia

Source at https://www.fhi.no/.Dementia is a syndrome characterised by deterioration in memory, thinking, behaviour, and the ability to perform everyday activities, which ultimately may lead to total dependence and death. Since the world’s population is steadily growing older, the number of people with dementia is also increasing. It is therefore of utmost importance to identify effective strategies to prevent or delay its onset. The key findings of this overview of reviews are based on evidence from eight systematic reviews

Tests for detection of ROS1 gene alterations in people with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): A Health Technology Assessment.

Key messages: The Norwegian Institute of Public Health has been commissioned to evaluate molecular tests for the identification of somatic ROS1 gene alterations in people with locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). People with tumours harbouring ROS1 gene alterations probably make up 1-2% of NSCLC cases. Accurate and reliable detection of ROS1 gene alterations is important for identification of people who may benefit from treatment, as well as ROS1 negative patients, to avoid provision of unnecessary and costly treatment. We included one systematic review, six narrative reviews, a survey of Norwegian Hospital trusts, and two reviews on the preferences of patients related to molecular testing. Experts were contacted for cost information. The results of this HTA show that: • There is scarce, incomplete and low-quality evidence on the sensitivity and specificity of tests for the detection of ROS1 gene alterations in people with advanced or metastasised NSCLC • Positive IHC ROS1 results needs confirmation with FISH or other methods, due to a tendency for false positive staining. • While the different tests had different pros and cons, single gene testing may be unfeasible, since people with NSCLC typically are tested for more than one type of actionable gene alteration. • NGS due to its capacity to analyse multiple genes simultaneously, may have the potential to reduce the risk of repeat biopsies. • The cost for ROS1 using IHC as pre-test with FISH confirmation, is possibly less than for the other methods. • The cost associated with NGS testing will significantly decrease when parallel tests are to be performed for several biomarkers (i.e. gene panels) from multiple patients. However, at present, the capital and infrastructure as well as maintenance costs are higher for NGS than the other diagnostic methods. • Future research should focus on conducting larger cohort studies with welldefined patient populations, that follows the patients from testing (or no testing), through treatment and final outcomes

Kirurgiske prosedyrer for behandling av sykelig overvekt: fullstendig metodevurdering

Hovedbudskap Bestillerforum for nye metoder ga Folkehelseinstituttet (FHI) i oppdrag å utføre en nasjonal metodevurdering som sammenligner effekt av ulike kirurgiske prosedyrer for behandling av sykelig overvekt blant voksne. Effekt og sikkerhet er beskrevet i en rapport som FHI har publisert i samarbeid med EUnetHTA. Denne metodevurderingen oppsummerer EUnetHTA-rapporten og helseøkonomiske aspekter av kirurgiske prosedyrer i en norsk kontekst. Metodevurderingen sammenligner disse kirurgiske prosedyrene mot hverandre: AGB, SG, RYGB, OAGB, D-RYGB, BPD-DS, BPD, B-RYGB og B-SG. Primærutfallene var vekt, diabetesstatus, helserelatert livskvalitet og dødelighet. Vi gjennomførte systematiske søk etter randomiserte kontrollerte studier, og gjennomførte nettverksmetaanalyser av vekt og diabetesutfall ved 2, 3 og 5 års oppfølging. Vi inkluderte 22 effektstudier fordelt på 7 kirurgiske prosedyrer og 11 sammenligninger og 27 studier om sikkerhet. • Det er usikkert om det er noen forskjell i risiko for tidlig dødelighet mellom ulike typer av kirurgiske prosedyrer for behandling av sykelig overvekt • Det er usikkert om det er noen forskjell i effekt på vekt-status mellom ulike typer av kirurgiske prosedyrer for behandling av sykelig overvekt. • Det er muligens liten eller ingen forskjell i effekt på diabetesstatus mellom ulike kirurgiske prosedyrer for behandling av sykelig overvekt. • Det er muligens liten eller ingen forskjell i effekt på HRQOL mellom ulike typer av kirurgiske prosedyrer for behandling av sykelig overvekt. Kostnadsforskjellene mellom de ulike kirurgiske prosedyrene brukt i Norge er ubetydelige, og ettersom studier per i dag viser at valg av prosedyre ikke har stor betydning på utfall som har størst betydning for kostnadseffektivitet har vi ikke gjennomført en omfattende helseøkonomisk analyse