3,441 research outputs found
Les risques sanitaires et environnementaux : de leur évaluation à la définition d’outils de prévention et de gestion des risques
The role of crop production clubs in technology transfer
Non-Peer ReviewedThis study was undertaken to determine if crop production club members represent an adopter category of the adoption diffusion theory as outlined by the literature, to obtain a more detailed description of the characteristics of the crop production club members and how they relate to the adopter categories and to determine the role crop production clubs play in the technology transfer process. A telephone survey was conducted using two groups, one selected from crop production clubs that had been organized for more than five years and the other a stratified random sample of non-club farmers in the surrounding area to the clubs. The questionnaire was designed to obtain information about innovative cropping practices, as well as demographic data, personal characteristics and communication behavior. A total of 38 crop production club members and 28 non-club farmers were contacted between April 22 and May 10, 1991.
The results of the study found that the characteristics exhibited by crop production club members were similar to those outlined in the adoption-diffusion theory for early adopters. Therefore crop production club members fit into the adoption-diffusion process as early adopters. Crop clubs use demonstrations as a way of introducing new innovations to their club members. Both groups indicated that they used neighbors often as a source of information and therefore, crop production clubs members likely transfer information to others through this and other channels. They transfer technology through the adoption diffusion process as early adopters. From this study it can be concluded that crop production clubs do play a role in the technology transfer process
Constant-pressure sound waves in non-Hermitian disordered media
When waves impinge on a disordered material they are back-scattered and form
a highly complex interference pattern. Suppressing any such distortions in the
free propagation of a wave is a challenging task with many applications in a
number of different disciplines. In a recent theoretical proposal, it was
pointed out that both perfect transmission through disorder as well as a
complete suppression of any variation in a wave intensity can be achieved by
adding a continuous gain-loss distribution to the disorder. Here we show that
this abstract concept can be implemented in a realistic acoustic system. Our
prototype consists of an acoustic waveguide containing several inclusions that
scatter the incoming wave in a passive configuration and provide the gain or
loss when being actively controlled. Our measurements on this non-Hermitian
acoustic metamaterial demonstrate unambiguously the creation of a
reflectionless scattering wave state that features a unique form of discrete
constant-amplitude pressure waves. In addition to demonstrating that gain-loss
additions can turn localised systems into transparent ones, we expect our
proof-of-principle demonstration to trigger interesting new developments not
only in sound engineering, but also in other related fields such as in
non-Hermitian photonics
Dedicated front-end electronics for the next generation of linear collider electromagnetic calorimeter
This paper describes an R&D electronic program for the next generation of
linear collider electromagnetic calorimeter. After a brief presentation of the
requirements, a global scheme of the electronics is given. Then, we describe
the three different building blocks developed in 0.35\mum CMOS technology: an
amplifier, a comparator and finally the pipelined AD
Psychologie environnementale et épidémiologie : de la mise en évidence d’objectifs scientifiques communs à leur opérationnalisation dans le champ de la santé environnementale
Pollution atmosphérique, évaluation des risques et qualité de vie: une approche comparative Nord-Sud.
Bounding the norm of a log-concave vector via thin-shell estimates
Chaining techniques show that if X is an isotropic log-concave random vector
in R^n and Gamma is a standard Gaussian vector then E |X| < C n^{1/4} E |Gamma|
for any norm |*|, where C is a universal constant. Using a completely different
argument we establish a similar inequality relying on the thin-shell constant
sigma_n = sup ((var|X|^){1/2} ; X isotropic and log-concave on R^n).
In particular, we show that if the thin-shell conjecture sigma_n = O(1)
holds, then n^{1/4} can be replaced by log (n) in the inequality.
As a consequence, we obtain certain bounds for the mean-width, the dual
mean-width and the isotropic constant of an isotropic convex body.
In particular, we give an alternative proof of the fact that a positive
answer to the thin-shell conjecture implies a positive answer to the slicing
problem, up to a logarithmic factor.Comment: preliminary version, 13 page
Engagement de groupe, transformation des représentations sociales et modifications comportementales
Dans cette recherche, on s\u27intéresse à la modification d\u27une représentation sociale et à l\u27émission d\u27un comportement. Dans une première condition, les groupes sont composés de personnes « familières », dans la seconde condition, elles ne se connaissent pas. De plus, chaque groupe est divisé en deux sous-groupes, selon qu\u27il y a ou non signature d\u27un document. Il est, ensuite, demandé, aux étudiants, de participer à la mise en place d\u27une campagne de promotion et de valorisation des études. Les résultats montrent des modifications importantes, au niveau des éléments de la représentation sociale, ainsi qu\u27une acceptation plus importante du comportement demandé par l\u27expérimentateur, pour les sujets engagés et familiers. (French
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