Renormalization analysis of catalytic Wright-Fisher diffusions

Recently, several authors have studied maps where a function, describing the local diffusion matrix of a diffusion process with a linear drift towards an attraction point, is mapped into the average of that function with respect to the unique invariant measure of the diffusion process, as a function of the attraction point. Such mappings arise in the analysis of infinite systems of diffusions indexed by the hierarchical group, with a linear attractive interaction between the components. In this context, the mappings are called renormalization transformations. We consider such maps for catalytic Wright-Fisher diffusions. These are diffusions on the unit square where the first component (the catalyst) performs an autonomous Wright-Fisher diffusion, while the second component (the reactant) performs a Wright-Fisher diffusion with a rate depending on the first component through a catalyzing function. We determine the limit of rescaled iterates of renormalization transformations acting on the diffusion matrices of such catalytic Wright-Fisher diffusions.Comment: 65 pages, 3 figure

Quenched and Negative Hall Effect in Periodic Media: Application to Antidot Superlattices

We find the counterintuitive result that electrons move in OPPOSITE direction to the free electron E x B - drift when subject to a two-dimensional periodic potential. We show that this phenomenon arises from chaotic channeling trajectories and by a subtle mechanism leads to a NEGATIVE value of the Hall resistivity for small magnetic fields. The effect is present also in experimentally recorded Hall curves in antidot arrays on semiconductor heterojunctions but so far has remained unexplained.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figs on request, RevTeX3.0, Europhysics Letters, in pres

Stau as the Lightest Supersymmetric Particle in R-Parity Violating SUSY Models: Discovery Potential with Early LHC Data

We investigate the discovery potential of the LHC experiments for R-parity violating supersymmetric models with a stau as the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP) in the framework of minimal supergravity. We classify the final states according to their phenomenology for different R-parity violating decays of the LSP. We then develop event selection cuts for a specific benchmark scenario with promising signatures for the first beyond the Standard Model discoveries at the LHC. For the first time in this model, we perform a detailed signal over background analysis. We use fast detector simulations to estimate the discovery significance taking the most important Standard Model backgrounds into account. Assuming an integrated luminosity of 1 inverse femtobarn at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV, we perform scans in the parameter space around the benchmark scenario we consider. We then study the feasibility to estimate the mass of the stau-LSP. We briefly discuss difficulties, which arise in the identification of hadronic tau decays due to small tau momenta and large particle multiplicities in our scenarios.Comment: 26 pages, 18 figures, LaTeX; minor changes, final version published in PR

Nonlinear Dynamics of Composite Fermions in Nanostructures

We outline a theory describing the quasi-classical dynamics of composite fermions in the fractional quantum Hall regime in the potentials of arbitrary nanostructures. By an appropriate parametrization of time we show that their trajectories are independent of their mass and dispersion. This allows to study the dynamics in terms of an effective Hamiltonian although the actual dispersion is as yet unknown. The applicability of the theory is verified in the case of antidot arrays where it explains details of magnetoresistance measurements and thus confirms the existence of these quasiparticles.Comment: submitted to Europhys. Lett., 4 pages, postscrip

Estimation of GCM Temperature Trends for Different Emission Scenarios with the help of the Integrated Model to Assess the Greenhouse Effect (IMAGE)

How useful are General Circulation Models (GCMs) for policy makers? Of course, they are considered to be the most powerful models that are presently available for predicting future climates and for carrying out research. Their disadvantage is that they are very time-consuming and very expensive to run for any greenhouse gas emission or concentration scenario. For that reason, GCMs have been run only for a small number of scenarios. However, policy makers are interested in being able to analyze a large number of scenarios. The Integrated Model to Assess the Greenhouse Effect (IMAGE) developed by the National Institute for Public Health and Environmental Protection (RIVM) in the Netherlands is a scientifically based, policy oriented model that can calculate the effect of different greenhouse gas emissions on global surface air temperature and sea level rise. The major advantage of IMAGE is its quick turnaround time. Its disadvantage is that it gives only global values of surface temperature and sea level rise, which have insufficient spatial resolution to estimate ecological impacts on a regional basis. We propose a methodology for combining the fast turnaround time and time-dependent surface temperature results of IMAGE with the spatial resolution of GCMs to provide a linkage between IMAGE and models of ecological change that could provide policy-makers with valuable information about the consequences of different levels of reduction of greenhouse gas emissions

First Calorimetric Measurement of OI-line in the Electron Capture Spectrum of 163^{163}Ho

The isotope $^{163}$Ho undergoes an electron capture process with a recommended value for the energy available to the decay, $Q_{\rm EC}$, of about 2.5 keV. According to the present knowledge, this is the lowest $Q_{\rm EC}$ value for electron capture processes. Because of that, $^{163}$Ho is the best candidate to perform experiments to investigate the value of the electron neutrino mass based on the analysis of the calorimetrically measured spectrum. We present for the first time the calorimetric measurement of the atomic de-excitation of the $^{163}$Dy daughter atom upon the capture of an electron from the 5s shell in $^{163}$Ho, OI-line. The measured peak energy is 48 eV. This measurement was performed using low temperature metallic magnetic calorimeters with the $^{163}$Ho ion implanted in the absorber. We demonstrate that the calorimetric spectrum of $^{163}$Ho can be measured with high precision and that the parameters describing the spectrum can be learned from the analysis of the data. Finally, we discuss the implications of this result for the Electron Capture $^{163}$Ho experiment, ECHo, aiming to reach sub-eV sensitivity on the electron neutrino mass by a high precision and high statistics calorimetric measurement of the $^{163}$Ho spectrum.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure

Determinants of health, health behaviours and demographic profile of patients attending an Australian university student-led osteopathy clinic.

BackgroundProfiles of health professions practice can inform pre-professional education, provide evidence to assist with interprofessional practice, and inform policy development. An understanding of the profile of patients seeking osteopathy care is emerging. Current research suggests that musculoskeletal presentations predominate with approximately one-third of patients presenting with co-morbid diseases. There is little data on these presentations in Australian osteopathy practice. This study aimed to describe the patient demographics, clinical presentations, health behaviours and determinants of health, including health literacy, of those attending for care at an Australian student-led osteopathy clinic.MethodsA convenience sample design was utilised where consecutive patients presenting for their initial consultation were invited to complete a health information questionnaire during 2016-2017. The questionnaire explored a range of health behaviours and the patient's health status. Data from the clinical records were also extracted to establish the presenting complaint, duration of the complaint and pertinent demographics. Descriptive statistics were generated for each variable.ResultsData were available for 1617 patients presenting for their initial consultation. The mean age of patients was 33.7 (±13.1) years with 55% (n = 887) identifying as female. Acute presentations predominated (n = 840, 52%), with presentations affecting the spine being the most common (57.8%). Most patients rated their health status as good to very good (75%). Approximately 7.5% of patients were identified as having low health literacy and 55.9% were currently suffering from one or more co-morbid presentations.ConclusionsThe demographic profile and presenting complaints of patients presenting to a student-led osteopathy clinic are largely consistent with other Australian private practice profiles. The current work also identified co-morbid presentations, and positive and negative health behaviours. Osteopaths may play a role in the management of, or referral for, these presentations where health behaviours require change, or management of co-morbid conditions is beyond the scope of practice. The increasing volume of patient profile literature globally suggests that osteopaths can play a substantial role in the management of musculoskeletal complaints. Further, osteopathy may play a role in screening determinants of health, and engage in multidisciplinary care to ensure those patients with co-morbid conditions or adverse health behaviours are managed appropriately