Controlling Cockroaches Without Synthetic Organic Insecticides.

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High-temperature antiferromagnetism in molecular semiconductor thin films and nanostructures

The viability of dilute magnetic semiconductors in applications is linked to the strength of the magnetic couplings, and room temperature operation is still elusive in standard inorganic systems. Molecular semiconductors are emerging as an alternative due to their long spin-relaxation times and ease of processing, but, with the notable exception of vanadium-tetracyanoethylene, magnetic transition temperatures remain well below the boiling point of liquid nitrogen. Here we show that thin films and powders of the molecular semiconductor cobalt phthalocyanine exhibit strong antiferromagnetic coupling, with an exchange energy reaching 100 K. This interaction is up to two orders of magnitude larger than in related phthalocyanines and can be obtained on flexible plastic substrates, under conditions compatible with routine organic electronic device fabrication. Ab initio calculations show that coupling is achieved via superexchange between the singly occupied a(1g) ([Image: see text]) orbitals. By reaching the key milestone of magnetic coupling above 77 K, these results establish quantum spin chains as a potentially useable feature of molecular films

Penta­fluoro­phenyl (3R,4R,5S)-5-{[(3R,4R,5S)-5-azido­methyl-3,4-dimeth­oxy-2,3,4,5-tetra­hydro­furan-3-carboxamido]­meth­yl}-3,4-dimeth­oxy-2,3,4,5-tetra­hydro­furan-3-carboxyl­ate

The title compound, C22H25F5N4O9, is a stable penta­fluoro­phenyl ester inter­mediate in the synthesis of novel homo-oligomeric structures containing branched carbon chains. The structure is epimeric to the previously characterized dimeric penta­fluoro­phenyl ester with stereochemistry (3R,4R,5R), which was synthesized using d-ribose as starting material. The crystal structure of the title mol­ecule removes any ambiguities arising from the relative stereochemistries of the six chiral centres. Two hydrogen bonds, bifurcating from the NH group, stabilize the crystal: one intra­molecular and one inter­molecular, both involving O atoms of the meth­oxy groups. The asymmetric unit contains two independent mol­ecules not related by any pseudo-symmetry operators. The major conformational differences are localized, leading to one mol­ecule being extended compared to the other. The collected crystal was twinned (twin ratio is 0.939:0.061), and the azide group is positionally disordered over two positions in one mol­ecule [occupancy ratio 0.511 (18):0.489 (18)]

(1R,2R,3S,6aS,7R,8R,9S,12aS)-1,2,3,7,8,9-Hexahydroxy­perhydro­dipyrido[1,2-a:1′,2′-d]pyrazine-6,12-dione

The crystal structure of the title compound, C12H18N2O8, exists as O—H⋯O hydrogen-bonded layers of mol­ecules running parallel to the ab plane. Each mol­ecule is a donor and acceptor for six hydrogen bonds. The absolute stereochemistry was determined by the use of d-glucuronolactone as the starting material

1-(1-Carboxy­methyl-1,4-anhydro-2,3-O-isopropyl­idene-α-d-erythrofuranos­yl)thymine

X-Ray crystallography unequivocally determined the stereochemistry of the thymine base in the title compound, C14H18N2O7. The absolute stereochemistry was determined from the use of d-ribose as the starting material. There are two independent mol­ecules in the asymmetric unit (Z′ = 2) which exist as N—H⋯O hydrogen-bonded pairs in the crystal structure

Integration of professional judgement and decision-making in high-level adventure sports coaching practice

This study examined the integration of professional judgement and decision-making processes in adventure sports coaching. The study utilised a thematic analysis approach to investigate the decision-making practices of a sample of high-level adventure sports coaches over a series of sessions. Results revealed that, in order to make judgements and decisions in practice, expert coaches employ a range of practical and pedagogic management strategies to create and opportunistically use time for decision-making. These approaches include span of control and time management strategies to facilitate the decision-making process regarding risk management, venue selection, aims, objectives, session content, and differentiation of the coaching process. The implication for coaches, coach education, and accreditation is the recognition and training of the approaches that“create time” for the judgements in practice, namely“creating space to think”. The paper concludes by offering a template for a more expertise-focused progression in adventure sports coachin

Seeking children's perspectives: a respectful layered research approach

This article discusses why researchers and educators might choose to seek children's perspectives. It also highlights some of the key considerations when seeing children as having the right to contribute to decisions that affect them. The article draws on findings from a study that used pedagogically oriented methods for researching three- and four-year-old children's perspectives about outdoor spaces in the early childhood setting they attended. The article discusses the possibilities and practicalities of this research approach for both research and pedagogy. Examples are provided for others who may be considering working/researching in these ways