DETERMINAÇÃO DO ÍNDICE DE QUALIDADE DA ÁGUA DA LAGOA DE EXTREMOZ-RN: SÉRIE TEMPORAL E CORRELAÇÃO A INDICES PLUVIOMÉTRICOS

http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/223611707888The water quality of the pond Extremoz-RN has been threatened in recent years due to the installation of an industrial complex in its vicinity, therefore, endangering the health of the population that uses it. This study aimed to provide summary information about water quality through an index, as well as relate the time series concerned with the influence of rainfall. Was adopted in this work the IQA as a support tool to the management of water resources, since it represents a good indicator of the trophic status of the lagoon. The use of IQA noted that water Lagoon Extremoz-RN fits in classes ranging from good to great. With the series was possible to visualize the variation of physical-chemical aspects of the stock and the rainfall as well as the negative correlation of the latter with the IQA, with coefficients of determination of the models on the order of 86%. The CCME WQI-used and most relevant parameters was consistent with therate-IQA NFS. Studies with this are essential to ensure water quality and establish systematicmonitoring in order to evaluate the evolution of the quality of the water body and know theirtendencies of variation.http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/223611707888 A qualidade da água da Lagoa de Extremoz-RN vem sendo ameaçada nos últimos anos devido à instalação de um pólo industrial em suas proximidades, conseqüentemente, colocando em perigo a saúde da população que a utiliza. O objetivo deste trabalho foi fornecer informações resumidas sobre a qualidade da água através de um índice, bem como relacionar as séries temporais em questão com a influência dos dados pluviométricos. Adotou-se neste trabalho o IQA como ferramenta de suporte á gestão do recurso hídrico, uma vez que representa um bom indicativo do estado trófico da lagoa. A utilização dos IQAs apontou que a água da Lagoa de Extremoz-RN enquadra-se em classes que vão de boa a ótima. Com a série temporal foi possível visualizar a variação dos aspectos físico-químicos do manancial e os dados pluviométricos, bem como, uma correlação logarítmica deste último com o IQA, com coeficientes de determinação dos modelos da ordem de 86%. O IQA-CCME utilizou parâmetros mais relevantes para o manancial, em questão, eapresentou resultados mais coerentes com o índice IQA-NFS. Estudos com este são de fundamental importância para certificar a qualidade da água e estabelecer o monitoramento sistemático, permitindo avaliar a evolução da qualidade do corpo aquático e conhecer suas tendências de variação.

SNPs in DNA repair genes associated to meningitis and host immune response

In vitro and in animal models, APE1, OGG1, and PARP-1 have been proposed as being involved with inflammatory response. In this work, we have investigated if the SNPs APE1 Asn148Glu, OGG1 Ser326Cys, and PARP-1 Val762Ala are associated to meningitis. The patient genotypes were investigated by PIRA-PCR or PCR-RFLP. DNA damages were detected in genomic DNA by Fpg treatment. IgG and IgA were measured from plasma and the cytokines and chemokines were measured from cerebrospinal fluid samples using Bio-Plex assays. A higher frequency (P<0.05) of APE1 Glu allele in bacterial meningitis (BM) and aseptic meningitis (AM) patients was observed. The genotypes Asn/Asn in control group and Asn/Glu in BM group was also higher. For the SNP OGG1 Ser326Cys, the genotype Cys/Cys was more frequent (P<0.05) in BM group. The frequency of PARP-1 Val/Val genotype was higher in control group (P<0.05). The occurrence of combined SNPs is significantly higher in BM patients, indicating that these SNPs may be associated to the disease. Increasing in sensitive sites to Fpg was observed in carriers of APE1 Glu allele or OGG1 Cys allele, suggesting that SNPs affect DNA repair activity. Alterations in IgG production were observed in the presence of SNPs APE1 Asn148Glu, OGG1 Ser326Cys or PARP-1 Val762Ala. Moreover, reduction in the levels of IL-6, IL-1Ra, MCP-1/CCL2 and IL-8/CXCL8 was observed in the presence of APE1 Glu allele in BM patients. In conclusion, we obtained indications of an effect of SNPs in DNA repair genes on the regulation of immune response in meningitis

Association of kynurenine aminotransferase II gene C401T polymorphism with immune response in patients with meningitis

<p>Abstract</p> <p><b>Background</b></p> <p>The kynurenine (KYN) pathway has been shown to be altered in several diseases which compromise the central nervous system (CNS) including infectious diseases such as bacterial meningitis (BM). The aim of this study was to assess single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in four genes of KYN pathway in patients with meningitis and their correlation with markers of immune response in BM.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>One hundred and one individuals were enrolled in this study to investigate SNPs in the following genes: indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (<it>IDO1 </it>gene), kynureninase (<it>KYNU </it>gene), kynurenine aminotransferase I (<it>CCBL1 </it>gene), and kynurenine aminotransferase II (<it>AADAT </it>gene). SNP analyses were performed by primer-introduced restriction analysis-PCR (PIRA-PCR) followed by RFLP. Cytokines were measured using multiplex bead assay while immunoglobulins (IG) by immunodiffusion plates and NF-kappaB and c-Jun by dot blot assay.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The variant allele of SNP <it>AADAT</it>+401C/T showed prevalent frequency in patients with BM. A significant decrease (<it>p </it>< 0.05) in TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, MIP-1αCCL3 and MIP-1β/CCL4 levels was observed in BM patients homozygous (TT) to the SNP <it>AADAT</it>+401C/T. Furthermore, a significant (<it>p </it>< 0.05) decrease in cell count was observed in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from patients with TT genotype. In addition, an increase in the IgG level in adults (<it>p </it>< 0.05) was observed. The variant allele for <it>KYNU</it>+715G/A was found with low frequency in the groups, and the SNPs in <it>IDO1</it>+434T/G, <it>KYNU</it>+693G/A, <it>CCBL1</it>+164T/C, and <it>AADAT</it>+650C/T had no frequency in this population.</p> <p><b>Conclusions</b></p> <p>This study is the first report of an association of SNP <it>AADAT</it>+401C/T with the host immune response to BM, suggesting that this SNP may affect the host ability in recruitment of leukocytes to the infection site. This finding may contribute to identifying potential targets for pharmacological intervention as adjuvant therapy for BM.</p