STUDENTS IDENTITIES AND TEACHER EXPECTATIONS: A FACTORIAL EXPERIMENT AT THE INTERSECTION OF RACE, GENDER, AND ABILITY

Behavioral and academic outcomes differ for students by race, ability, and gender within the K-12 public education system. Moreover, striking gaps exist at the intersection of race, ability, and gender, despite the similarity in severity and frequency of behavior between groups. Few studies, however, have examined the educational mechanisms that contribute to these gaps. Despite this, the scientific literature? shows that when educators have high expectations, students are more likely to be successful academically and behaviorally. Therefore, this study examines the inverse of this relationship by recognizing that biases likely influence behavior and academic student outcomes through expectancy bias for certain groups of students. The present study utilizes an intersectional framework of disability studies and critical race theory (DisCrit) to examine preservice educator expectations of behavior and academic outcomes of a hypothetical student at the intersection of student race, ability, and gender using a factorial vignette experimental design. Analyses consisted of factorial multivariate analyses of main and interaction effects including covariates for social desirability, tolerance, severity, and demographic characteristics. Results indicated significant and meaningful differences in expectations of behavior and academic experiences by race and ability. However, interaction effects were not detected. Implications and limitations of this study are discussed

Transforming Thinking Transforms Lives

One way that higher education transforms lives is by fostering the development of cognitive complexity in students. This development is demonstrated in many ways in the classroom, and can be explained using the Perry Scheme of Intellectual and Ethical Development. Cognitive complexity is imperative for the helping professions, and students who develop complexity will be better able to facilitate complex changes in clients. Additionally, this kind of development can result in dramatic changes in the students’ own lives, which can lead to transformation at all levels of society

Naturalistic and Supernaturalistic Disclosures: The Possibility of Relational Miracles

This paper explores naturalism and supernaturalism as modes of disclosure that reveal and conceal different aspects of relationality. Naturalism is presented as a worldview or set of philosophical assumptions that posits an objective world that is separable from persons and discoverable or describable via scientific methods. Because psychotherapy tacitly endorses many naturalistic assumptions, psychotherapy relationships may be limited to an instrumentalist ethic premised upon use-value and manipulability. Given these naturalistic limitations, relationships may require a supernatural component – a component which reaches beyond the naturalistic and into the miraculous. The alternative grounding for this supernatural disclosure is found in the philosophy of Martin Heidegger and that of Emmanuel Levinas, the former emphasizing the possibilities inherent in contemplative rather than calculative disclosures, and the latter emphasizing ethical obligation and absolute otherness. A therapeutic case is discussed as an exemplar of both kinds of relational disclosure – that is, naturalistic and supernaturalistic – and the therapeutic and relational consequences of each type of disclosure are explored. Indo-Pacific Journal of Phenomenology, Volume 10, Edition 2, October 2010: 73-8

Screening for Sepsis: A Key Strategy for Early Identification and Management of Septic Patients

Background: Sepsis, defined as a systemic inflammatory response to infection, is a life-threatening medical condition that rapidly progresses from severe sepsis (characterized by signs of organ dysfunction) to septic shock with fluid-refractory hypotension. Adherence to the Surviving Sepsis Campaign guidelines for the management of severe sepsis and septic shock have been associated with improved delivery of care and reduced mortality. Delays in recognition of sepsis has been identified as a barrier to achieving early goal-directed therapy targets. Purpose: To determine if a sepsis screening protocol could facilitate earlier identification of patients with sepsis Methods: A retrospective medical record review was conducted for adult patients with a primary or secondary diagnosis of sepsis using ICD-9 codes 038.9 (unspecified septicemia), 995.91 (sepsis), 995.92 (severe sepsis), and 785.52 (septic shock). A sepsis screening strategy was applied retrospectively to simulate implementation of a screening protocol. Application of the screening strategy was performed to quantify the interval between when clinicians first recognized sepsis and when patients first exhibited signs of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). Results: The median interval of time between when a clinician recognized sepsis and when a patient first exhibited signs of sepsis was 222 minutes. A difference in time occurred in 22% of the cases. Duration of the interval was positively correlated with hospital length of stay (rs = .65, n = 17, p = .005). Conclusion: The interval between when patients with sepsis were first identified by a clinician (without screening) and when those patients could have been recognized utilizing a screening protocol was quantified. Results suggest that more than one in five patients would have been identified earlier using a screening protocol. A pilot study to further investigate the potential impact of sepsis screening on time to identification is warranted

Editorial: Exploring neuroinflammatory pathways that contribute to chronic pain

© 2022 Lione and Fisher. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Peer reviewe