279 research outputs found
A study into the marital problems of fifty veterans seen at the Veterans Administration Mental Hygiene Clinic, Boston, Mass
Thesis (M.S.)--Boston University, 1947. This item was digitized by the Internet Archive
A Model for Every User and Budget: Label-Free and Personalized Mixed-Precision Quantization
Recent advancement in Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) has produced large
AI models, which become impractical for deployment in mobile devices. Model
quantization is effective to produce compressed general-purpose models, however
such models may only be deployed to a restricted sub-domain of interest. We
show that ASR models can be personalized during quantization while relying on
just a small set of unlabelled samples from the target domain. To this end, we
propose myQASR, a mixed-precision quantization method that generates tailored
quantization schemes for diverse users under any memory requirement with no
fine-tuning. myQASR automatically evaluates the quantization sensitivity of
network layers by analysing the full-precision activation values. We are then
able to generate a personalised mixed-precision quantization scheme for any
pre-determined memory budget. Results for large-scale ASR models show how
myQASR improves performance for specific genders, languages, and speakers.Comment: INTERSPEECH 202
PLOT-TAL -- Prompt Learning with Optimal Transport for Few-Shot Temporal Action Localization
This paper introduces a novel approach to temporal action localization (TAL)
in few-shot learning. Our work addresses the inherent limitations of
conventional single-prompt learning methods that often lead to overfitting due
to the inability to generalize across varying contexts in real-world videos.
Recognizing the diversity of camera views, backgrounds, and objects in videos,
we propose a multi-prompt learning framework enhanced with optimal transport.
This design allows the model to learn a set of diverse prompts for each action,
capturing general characteristics more effectively and distributing the
representation to mitigate the risk of overfitting. Furthermore, by employing
optimal transport theory, we efficiently align these prompts with action
features, optimizing for a comprehensive representation that adapts to the
multifaceted nature of video data. Our experiments demonstrate significant
improvements in action localization accuracy and robustness in few-shot
settings on the standard challenging datasets of THUMOS-14 and EpicKitchens100,
highlighting the efficacy of our multi-prompt optimal transport approach in
overcoming the challenges of conventional few-shot TAL methods.Comment: Under Revie
Two-Stream Transformer Architecture for Long Video Understanding
Pure vision transformer architectures are highly effective for short video
classification and action recognition tasks. However, due to the quadratic
complexity of self attention and lack of inductive bias, transformers are
resource intensive and suffer from data inefficiencies. Long form video
understanding tasks amplify data and memory efficiency problems in transformers
making current approaches unfeasible to implement on data or memory restricted
domains. This paper introduces an efficient Spatio-Temporal Attention Network
(STAN) which uses a two-stream transformer architecture to model dependencies
between static image features and temporal contextual features. Our proposed
approach can classify videos up to two minutes in length on a single GPU, is
data efficient, and achieves SOTA performance on several long video
understanding tasks
Snake (Colubridae: Thamnophis) Predatory Responses to Chemical Cues from Native and Introduced Prey Species
Several aquatic vertebrates have been introduced into freshwater systems in California over the past 100 years. Some populations of the two-striped garter snake (Thamnophis hammondii) have lived in sympatry with these species since their introduction; other populations have never encountered them. To assess the possible adaptation to a novel prey, we tested the predatory responses of T. hammondii from different populations to different chemosensory cues from native and introduced prey species. We presented chemical extracts from potential prey types and 2 control odors to individual snakes on cotton swabs and recorded the number of tongue flicks and attacks directed at each swab. Subject response was higher for prey odors than control substances. Odors from introduced centrarchid fish (Lepomis) elicited higher response levels than other prey types, including native anuran larvae (Pseudacris regilla). The pattern of response was similar for both populations of snakes (experienced and naïve, with respect to the introduced prey). We suggest that the generalist aquatic lifestyle of T. hammondii has allowed it to take advantage of increasing populations of introduced prey. Decisions on the management strategies for some of these introduced prey species should include consideration of how T. hammondii populations might respond in areas of sympatry
Divergent Humoral Responses to 23-Valent Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine in Critically-Ill Burn and Neurosurgical Patients
INTRODUCTION: Critically ill hospitalized patients are at increased risk of infection so we assessed the immunogenicity of 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) administered within six days of injury.
METHODS: This prospective observational study compared the immunogenicity of PPSV23 among critically ill burn and neurosurgical patients at a tertiary, academic medical center. Patients received PPSV23 vaccination within six days of ICU admission per standard of care. Consent was obtained to measure concentrations of vaccine-specific IgG to 14 of 23 serotype capsule-specific IgG in serum prior to and 14-35 days following PPSV23. A successful immunologic response was defined as both a ≥2-fold rise in capsule-specific IgG from baseline and concentrations of \u3e1 mcg/mL to 10 of 14 measured vaccine serotypes. Immunologic response was compared between burn and neurosurgical patients. Multiple variable regression methods were used to explore associations of clinical and laboratory parameters to immunologic responses.
RESULTS: Among the 16 burn and 27 neurosurgical patients enrolled, 87.5% and 40.7% generated a successful response to the vaccine, respectively (p = 0.004). Both median post-PPSV23 IgG concentrations (7.79 [4.56-18.1] versus 2.93 [1.49-8.01] mcg/mL; p = 0.006) and fold rises (10.66 [7.44-14.56] versus 3.48 [1.13-6.59]; p
CONCLUSION: Critically ill burn patients can generate successful responses to PPSV23 during acute injury whereas responses among neurosurgical patients is comparatively blunted. Further study is needed to elucidate the mechanisms of differential antigen responsiveness in these populations, including the role of acute stress responses, as well as the durability of these antibody responses
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