51,765 research outputs found
Testing of pear trees on their own roots in comparison with important used rootstocks under organic farming conditions with special regard to fire blight (E. amylovora)
Pear trees on their own roots are tested in comparison to grafted trees in growth and yield
characteristics and with special regard to the tolerance to diseases, above all fire blight
(Erwinia amylovora). In spring 2004 15 randomized trees of the cultivar 'Williams' from
three variants (self rooted in vitro, self rooted long cuttings, grafted on Quince A) were
planted in a pear orchard, which was heavily infected with fire blight (Erwinia amylovora)
the previous years. The trees were left untreated. Growth and yield characteristics, plant
diseases and tree losses were observed. After four years the in vitro self rooted trees were
significantly more vigorous in growth than those grafted on quince A. The self rooted long
cuttings were comparable in growth with grafts on quince, but showed high tree losses
probably due to frost damages in the first winter one year after planting. However no
infections with Erwinia amylovora could be observed so far. In a field trial with more
cultivars and rootstock variants planted in 2006 at two organically managed sites more
significant effects are expected in the next years
An Introduction to Conformal Ricci Flow
We introduce a variation of the classical Ricci flow equation that modifies
the unit volume constraint of that equation to a scalar curvature constraint.
The resulting equations are named the Conformal Ricci Flow Equations because of
the role that conformal geometry plays in constraining the scalar curvature.
These equations are analogous to the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations of
fluid mechanics inasmuch as a conformal pressure arises as a Lagrange
multiplier to conformally deform the metric flow so as to maintain the scalar
curvature constraint. The equilibrium points are Einstein metrics with a
negative Einstein constant and the conformal pressue is shown to be zero at an
equilibrium point and strictly positive otherwise. The geometry of the
conformal Ricci flow is discussed as well as the remarkable analytic fact that
the constraint force does not lose derivatives and thus analytically the
conformal Ricci equation is a bounded perturbation of the classical
unnormalized Ricci equation. That the constraint force does not lose
derivatives is exactly analogous to the fact that the real physical pressure
force that occurs in the Navier-Stokes equations is a bounded function of the
velocity. Using a nonlinear Trotter product formula, existence and uniqueness
of solutions to the conformal Ricci flow equations is proven. Lastly, we
discuss potential applications to Perelman's proposed implementation of
Hamilton's program to prove Thurston's 3-manifold geometrization conjectures.Comment: 52 pages, 1 figur
Long-range beam-beam experiments in the relativistic heavy ion collider
Long-range beam-beam effects are a potential limit to the LHC performance
with the nominal design parameters, and certain upgrade scenarios under
discussion. To mitigate long-range effects, current carrying wires parallel to
the beam were proposed and space is reserved in the LHC for such wires. Two
current carrying wires were installed in RHIC to study the effect of strong
long-range beam-beam effects in a collider, as well as test the compensation of
a single long-range interaction. The experimental data were used to benchmark
simulations. We summarize this work.Comment: 12 pages, contribution to the ICFA Mini-Workshop on Beam-Beam Effects
in Hadron Colliders, CERN, Geneva, Switzerland, 18-22 Mar 201
Deployable antenna demonstration project
Test program options are described for large lightweight deployable antennas for space communications, radar and radiometry systems
Beyond density functional theory: the domestication of nonlocal potentials
Due to efficient scaling with electron number N, density functional theory
(DFT) is widely used for studies of large molecules and solids. Restriction of
an exact mean-field theory to local potential functions has recently been
questioned. This review summarizes motivation for extending current DFT to
include nonlocal one-electron potentials, and proposes methodology for
implementation of the theory. The theoretical model, orbital functional theory
(OFT), is shown to be exact in principle for the general N-electron problem. In
practice it must depend on a parametrized correlation energy functional.
Functionals are proposed suitable for short-range Coulomb-cusp correlation and
for long-range polarization response correlation. A linearized variational
cellular method (LVCM) is proposed as a common formalism for molecules and
solids. Implementation of nonlocal potentials is reduced to independent
calculations for each inequivalent atomic cell.Comment: Accepted for publication in Modern Physics Letters B (2004
Computational experience with a bundle approach for semidenfinite cutting plane relaxations of max-cut and equipartition.
Radiant heat exchange in a space environment Scientific technical report, 1 Feb. - 31 Jul. 1970
Spectral and directional surface property effects on radiant heat transfer in space environmen
Metastability and uniqueness of vortex states at depinning
We present results from numerical simulations of transport of vortices in the
zero-field cooled (ZFC) and the field-cooled (FC) state of a type-II
superconductor. In the absence of an applied current , we find that the FC
state has a lower defect density than the ZFC state, and is stable against
thermal cycling. On the other hand, by cycling , surprisingly we find that
the ZFC state is the stable state. The FC state is metastable as manifested by
increasing to the depinning current , in which case the FC state
evolves into the ZFC state. We also find that all configurations acquire a
unique defect density at the depinning transition independent of the history of
the initial states.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures. Problem of page size correcte
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