Psycho? Logisch!:Vorstellungen über das Wissen und die Wissenschaft der Psychologie

Die Dissertation ist aus der praktischen Tätigkeit der Studienfachberatung Psychologie entstanden und beschäftigt sich mit sogenannten Wissenschaftsbildern, welche individuelle Laien-Theorien über die Wissenschaft darstellen. Im theoretischen Hintergrund werden verschiedene Konstrukte von Vorstellungen über Wissen und Wissenschaft abgegrenzt, von denen die Epistemischen Überzeugungen (EÜ) und die Nature of Science (NOS) besonders wichtig sind für die vorliegende Arbeit. Daran anschließend werden empirische Befunde und Instrumente zur Erhebung von Vorstellungen über das Wissen und die Wissenschaft dargestellt. Das zentrale Ziel der Dissertation ist es das methodische Wissenschaftsbild der Psychologie zu untersuchen und Zusammenhänge zu EÜ, ontologischen Annahmen, dem Studienwunsch Psychologie oder akademischen Interessen und Fähigkeiten aufzuzeigen. Dafür wurden vier Studien in Form von Fragebogenerhebungen durchgeführt und ein neues Instrument entwickelt. The subject of the dissertation was developed from the practical work of a student advisory service within the discipline of Psychology. It deals with so called Images of Science, defined as individuals’ lay theories about scientific knowledge and science. The theoretical background distinguishes several constructs of such Images of Science and describes empirical findings and measurements of different kinds of Images of Science. Most relevant for the present work are the Epistemic Beliefs (EBs) and views of the Nature of Science (NOS). The main goal of the dissertation is to examine the methodological image of Psychology in relation to variables like EBs, ontological assumptions, the study choice or academic interests and skills. Four studies were conducted and a new instrument for measuring an Image of Psychology was developed

Evaluationsbericht Psychologie 2011:gemeinsamer Bericht über die Evaluationen im Fach Psychologie im WiSe 10/11 und SoSe 11

<br

Evaluationsbericht Psychologie 2008:gemeinsamer Bericht über die Evaluationen der Lehrveranstaltungen, des B.Sc.-Studiengangs, der B.Sc.-Klausuren und der Auslandsaufenthalte im Fach Psychologie im WS 07/08 und SoSe 08

Dieser Bericht verknüpft alle am Fach Psychologie durchgeführten Evaluationen miteinander. Er enthält neben die Daten zur Lehrveranstaltungsevaluation, auch Ergebnisse der ersten Studiengangs- und Prüfungsevaluationen im B.Sc.-Studiengang, sowie eine Umfrage zu geplanten Auslandsaufenthalten. Diesen allen ist gemein, dass sie relevante Bereiche abdecken, in denen Studierende in unserem Fach Kompetenzen sammeln. Die Vernetzung dieser bisher teilweise eigenständigen, teilweise auch neuen Evaluationsbereiche soll kurzfristig dazu führen diese verschiedenen Quellen sichtbarer zu machen. Mittelfristig soll dadurch die Qualität der gesammelten Information erhöht werden. Wir erhoffen uns durch die Bündelung der Informationen auch einen einfacheren Überblick für Steuerung und Fortentwicklung im Fach Psychologie geben zu können

Evaluationsbericht Psychologie 2012:gemeinsamer Bericht über die Evaluationen im Fach Psychologie im WiSe 11/12 und SoSe 12

<br

Retired A Stars and Their Companions: Exoplanets Orbiting Three Intermediate-Mass Subgiants

We report precision Doppler measurements of three intermediate-mass subgiants from Lick and Keck Observatories. All three stars show variability in their radial velocities consistent with planet-mass companions in Keplerian orbits. We find a planet with a minimum mass of 2.5 Mjup in a 351.5 day orbit around HD 192699, a planet with a minimum mass of 2.0 Mjup in a 341.1 day orbit around HD 210702, and a planet with a minimum mass of 0.61 Mjup in a 297.3 day orbit around HD 175541. Stellar mass estimates from evolutionary models indicate that all of these stars were formerly A-type dwarfs with masses ranging from 1.65 to 1.85 Msun. These three long-period planets would not have been detectable during their stars' main-sequence phases due to the large rotational velocities and stellar jitter exhibited by early-type dwarfs. There are now 9 "retired" (evolved) A-type stars (Mstar > 1.6 Msun) with known planets. All 9 planets orbit at distances a \geq 0.78 AU, which is significantly different than the semimajor axis distribution of planets around lower-mass stars. We examine the possibility that the observed lack of close-in planets is due to engulfment by their expanding host stars, but we find that this explanation is inadequate given the relatively small stellar radii of K giants (Rstar < 32 Rsun = 0.15 AU) and subgiants (Rstar < 7 Rsun = 0.03 AU). Instead, we conclude that planets around intermediate-mass stars reside preferentially beyond ~0.8 AU, which may be a reflection of different formation and migration histories of planets around A-type stars.Comment: 31 pages, 9 figures, 6 tables, ApJ accepted, corrected minor typo

Enhanced photogeneration of polaron pairs in neat semicrystalline donor-acceptor copolymer films via direct excitation of interchain aggregates

We investigate the photogeneration of polaron pairs (PPs) in neat films of the semicrystalline donor–acceptor semiconducting copolymer PCPDTBT. Carefully selecting the solution-processing procedures, we obtain films with different amounts of crystallinity and interchain aggregation. We compare the photogeneration of PPs between the films by monitoring their photoinduced absorption in ultrafast pump–probe experiments, selectively exciting nonaggregated or aggregated polymer chains. The direct photoexcitation of interchain π-aggregates results in prompt (<100 fs) charge generation. Compared to the case where nonaggregated chains are excited, we find an 8-fold increase in the prompt PP to singlet-exciton ratio. We also show that highly crystalline lamellar nanostructures not containing π-stacked or any light-absorbing aggregates do not improve the efficiency of PP photogeneration. Our results show that light absorption from interchain aggregates is highly beneficial for charge photogeneration in semiconducting polymers and should be taken into account when optimizing film morphologies for photovoltaic devices

Evaluationsbericht Psychologie 2009:gemeinsamer Bericht über die Evaluationen im Fach Psychologie im WiSe 08/09 und SoSe 09 ; öffentliche Berichtsversion ohne Anhänge

<br

Evaluationsbericht Psychologie 2010:gemeinsamer Bericht über die Evaluationen im Fach Psychologie im WiSe 09/10 und SoSe 10

<br

Precise Radial Velocities of Giant Stars II. Pollux and its Planetary Companion

It has long been speculated that the observed periodic radial velocity pattern for the K giant Pollux might be explained in terms of an orbiting planetary companion. We have collected 80 high-resolution spectra for Pollux at Lick Observatory yielding precise radial velocities with a mean error of 3.8 m/s, providing the most comprehensive and precise data set available for this star. Our data confirm the periodicity previously seen in the radial velocities. We derive a period of 589.7+/-3.5 days and, assuming a primary mass of 1.86 M_Sun, a minimum companion mass of 2.9+/-0.3 M_Jup, consistent with earlier determinations. No evidence for any periodicities is visible in our analysis of the shapes of the spectral lines via the bisector method, so that we conclude that evidence is accumulating and compelling for a planet around Pollux. However, some last doubt remains about this interpretation, because non-radial pulsations which might be present in giant stars could in principle also explain the observed radial velocities, while the accompanying bisector variations might be too small to be detectable with current data.Comment: 13 pages, 4 figures, accepted by Ap

Influence of alkaline modification on adsorption properties of aluminum oxide

In this work the adsorption capacity of samples A-2-9С, A-2-Na-9С, A-2-K-9С was studied. It was found that alkaline modification leads to an increase in the efficiency of aluminum oxide dehydrators