Employee commitment in Westrail

A study conducted in Westrail, the Western Australian Government Railways revealed that three underlying attitudes influenced the three dimensions of commitment (to organisation, work and co-worker) measured in a survey. Achievement of personal and career goals, propensity to stay with the organisation, trust in senior management and positive view of change were shown to be linked with the commitment dimensions and the underlying factors (affective, cognitive and behavioural commitment). Education, union membership, age and tenure were also found to be significantly correlated with aspects of commitment. Large downsizings have occurred at Westrail in recent years and commitment among workers is low, as is trust in senior management. The formal communications system needs attention and there is a general view that recent changes have not been for the positive benefit of the organisation. Linking personal goal achievement to Westrail employment may help to resolve the problem of low morale and commitment

Mouth Care is Self-Care

In February of 2023, six Seattle Pacific University (SPU) nursing students partnered with a Seattle rehab agency to deliver mouth care education while prioritizing the health literacy level of the community. The agency aims to foster an inclusive and empathetic environment that builds a diverse community for those traumatized by homelessness, addiction, and mental health (Recovery Café, n.d.). The nursing group upheld the agency\u27s mission with honor and respect during each project step. The special projects manager of the agency expressed a lack of health literacy among members. Tailoring health literacy to the appropriate education level has significantly improved dental and oral health (Stein et al., 2018). Through assessments, students determined a need for education and support regarding oral hygiene and created the project motto: Mouth care is self-care; taking care of one\u27s mouth is caring for one\u27s overall health (Appendix G). This project required collaborative effort in using critical thinking skills to execute the nursing process and deliver appropriate information

The effect of cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption and fruit and vegetable consumption on IVF outcomes: A review and presentation of original data

Background - Lifestyle factors including cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption and nutritional habits impact on health, wellness, and the risk of chronic diseases. In the areas of in-vitro fertilization (IVF) and pregnancy, lifestyle factors influence oocyte production, fertilization rates, pregnancy and pregnancy loss, while chronic, low-grade oxidative stress may underlie poor outcomes for some IVF cases. Methods - Here, we review the current literature and present some original, previously unpublished data, obtained from couples attending the PIVET Medical Centre in Western Australia. Results - During the study, 80 % of females and 70 % of male partners completed a 1-week diary documenting their smoking, alcohol and fruit and vegetable intake. The subsequent clinical outcomes of their IVF treatment such as quantity of oocytes collected, fertilization rates, pregnancy and pregnancy loss were submitted to multiple regression analysis, in order to investigate the relationship between patients, treatment and the recorded lifestyle factors. Of significance, it was found that male smoking caused an increased risk of pregnancy loss (p = 0.029), while female smoking caused an adverse effect on ovarian reserve. Both alcohol consumption (β = 0.074, p < 0.001) and fruit and vegetable consumption (β = 0.034, p < 0.001) had positive effects on fertilization. Conclusion - Based on our results and the current literature, there is an important impact of lifestyle factors on IVF clinical outcomes. Currently, there are conflicting results regarding other lifestyle factors such as nutritional habits and alcohol consumption, but it is apparent that chronic oxidative stress induced by lifestyle factors and poor nutritional habits associate with a lower rate of IVF success

The derivation of thematic map layers from entity-relationship data models

Please note that this is a searchable PDF derived via optical character recognition (OCR) from the original source document. As the OCR process is never 100% perfect, there may be some discrepancies between the document image and the underlying text.Semantic data models comprise formally defined abstractions for representing real world relationships and aspects of the structure of real world phenomena so as to aid database design. While previous research in spatial database design has shown that semantic data models are amenable to explicitly representing some spatial concepts, this paper shows that semantic data models may usefully be applied to the design of spatial databases even without explicitly representing spatial concepts. Specifically, an entity-relationship model comprising only “is-associated-with” relationships is used as the basis from which to define thematic layers for a layer based spatial database.UnpublishedAbiteboul, S. & Hull, R. [1987] "IFO: A Formal Semantic Database Model", ACM Transactions on Database Systems, 12 (4), December, 525-565. Abriel, J.R. [1974] "Data Semantics". In Klimbie & Koffeman, 1974, 1-60. Armstrong, M.P. & Densham, P.J. [1990] "Database Organisation Strategies for Spatial Decision Support Systems",International Journal of Geographical Information Systems, 4 (1), 3-20. Batini, C. (ed) [1989] Proceedings: 7th Intemational Conference on The Entity-Relationship Approach, Rome, 1988 : North-Holland, Amsterdam. Barra, D. & Srinivasan, A. [1992] "A Review and Analysis of the Usability of Data Management Environments", International Joumal of Man-Machine Studies, 36, 395-417. Bedard, Y. & Paquette, F. [1989] "Extending Entity/Relationship Formalism for Spatial Information Systems". In Proceedings: Auto-Carto 9, Baltimore : ASPRS & ACSM, April, 819-827. Bracken, I. & Webster, C. [1989] "Towards a Typology of Geographical Information Systems", International Journal of Geographical Information Systems, 3 (2), 137-152. Calkins, H.W. & Marble, D.F. [1987] "The Transition to Automated Production Design of The Master Cartographic Database", The American Cartographer, 14 (2), 105-119. Chen, P.P. [1976] "The Entity-Relationship Model - Towards a Unified View of Data", ACM Transactions on Database Systems, 1 (1), March, 9-36. Codd, E.F. [1990] The Relational Model for Database Management (Version 2), Addison-Wesley, Reading, Massachusetts, 538p. Date, C.J. [1990] An Introduction to Database Systems,Vol. 1 (5th ed), Addison-Wesley, Reading,Massachusetts, 854p. Egenhofer, M.J. & Herring, J.R. [1991] "High Level Spatial Data Structures for GIS". In Maguire et al, 1991, Vol. 1, 227-37. Elmasri, R., Weeldreyer, J. & Hevner, A. [1985] "The Category Concept: An Extension to the Entity-Relationship Model", Data & Knowledge Engineering, 1, 75-116. Ferguson, J.R. [1988] "Data Modelling and Systems Analysis", Paper Presented at 19th Colleges of Advanced Education Computing Conference, Australia. Finkelstein, C. [1989] An Introduction to Information Engineering: From Strategic Planning to Information Systems, Addison-Wesley, Sydney, 393p. Firns, P.G. [1989] "Modelling Locational and Descriptive Data for a Pipe Network Information System". In Proceedings: URPIS 17, the 17th Annual Conference of the Australasian Urban and regional Information Systems Association, November 1989. Perth, Westem Australia : Australasian Urban and Regional Information Systems Association, 359-368. Firns, P.G. [1990] "Determining a Useful Balance Between Understandability and Rigour in Data Modelling", New Zealand Journal of Computing, 2 (1), 13-21. Firns, P.G. [1992] "Data Modelling for Spatial Information Systems: The Notion of a Spatial Entity", New Zealand Journal of Computing, 4 (1), 17-28. Firns, P.G. & Read N.S.L. [1989] "A Data Model for A Pipe Network Information System". In Proceedings: Inaugural Colloquium of the Spatial Information Research Centre, November 1989. Dunedin : University of Otago, 52-65. Goh, P. [1988] "Spatial Database Updates - A Formal Treatment Using Entity-Relationship Diagrams", The Australian Surveyor, 34 (3), 307-313. Hammer, M. & McLeod, D. [1981] "Database Description with SDM: A Semantic Database Model", ACM Transactions on Database Systems, 6 (3), 351-386. Healey, R.G. [1991] "Database Management Systems". In Maguire et al, 1991, Vol. 1, 251-67. Hull, R. & King, R. [1987] Semantic Database Modeling: Survey, Applications, and Research Issues", ACM Computing Surveys, 19 (3), September, 201-260. Kangassalo, H. (ed), [1991] "Entity-Relationship: The Core of Conceptual Modelling", Proceedings: 9th International Conference on The Entity-Relationship Approach, Lausanne, Switzerland, October, 1990 : North-Holland, Amsterdam. Kennedy, G.J. [1993] "A Systematic Approach to the Specification and Evaluation of an Information Systems Development Methodology", PhD Dissertation, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand, 155p. Kent, W. [1979] "Limitations of Record-Based Information Models", ACM Transactions on Database Systems, 4 (1), 107-131. Klimbie, J.W. & Koffeman, K.L. [1974] "Database Management". Proceedings of the IFIP Working Conference on Database Management, Corsica, France, April, North-Holland. Laurini, R. [1991] "Introduction to E.R. Modelling for Urban Data Management". In Kangassalo, 1991, 475-485. Maguire, D.J., Goodchild, M.F. & Rhind D.W. (eds.) [1991] Geographical Information Systems: Principles and Applications, Longman, London, vol. 1: 649p., vol. 2: 447p. Maguire, D., Stickler, G. & Browning, G [1992] "Handling Complex Objects in Geo-relational GIS". In Proceedings: 5th International Symposium on Spatial Data Handling, Charleston, August 1992, IGU Commission on GIS, pp 652-661. Morehouse, S. [1985] "ARC/INFO: A Geo-relational Model for Spatial Information". Proceedings: Auto-Carto 7, Falls Church, ASPRS, pp 388-397. Peckham, J & Maryanski, F. [1988] "Semantic Data models", ACM Computing Surveys,20 (3), September, 153-189. Peuquet, D.J. [1984] "A Conceptual Framework and Comparison of Spatial Data Models", Cartographica, 21, 66-113. Taylor, R. & Frank, R. [1976] "CODASYL Database Management Systems", ACM Computing Surveys, 8 (1), 67-104. Tsichritzis, D. & Lochovsky, F. [1976] "Hierarchical Database Management", ACM Computing Surveys, 8 (1), 105-24. Tsichritzis, D.C. & Lochovsky, F.H. [1982] Data Models, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, 381p. Worboys, M.F., Hearnshaw, H.M. & Maguire, D.J. [1990] "Object-Oriented Data Modelling for Spatial Databases", International Joumal of Geographical Information Systems, 4 (4), 369-383

The derivation of thematic map layers from entity-relationship data models

Please note that this is a searchable PDF derived via optical character recognition (OCR) from the original source document. As the OCR process is never 100% perfect, there may be some discrepancies between the document image and the underlying text.Semantic data models comprise formally defined abstractions for representing real world relationships and aspects of the structure of real world phenomena so as to aid database design. While previous research in spatial database design has shown that semantic data models are amenable to explicitly representing some spatial concepts, this paper shows that semantic data models may usefully be applied to the design of spatial databases even without explicitly representing spatial concepts. Specifically, an entity-relationship model comprising only “is-associated-with” relationships is used as the basis from which to define thematic layers for a layer based spatial database.UnpublishedAbiteboul, S. & Hull, R. [1987] "IFO: A Formal Semantic Database Model", ACM Transactions on Database Systems, 12 (4), December, 525-565. Abriel, J.R. [1974] "Data Semantics". In Klimbie & Koffeman, 1974, 1-60. Armstrong, M.P. & Densham, P.J. [1990] "Database Organisation Strategies for Spatial Decision Support Systems",International Journal of Geographical Information Systems, 4 (1), 3-20. Batini, C. (ed) [1989] Proceedings: 7th Intemational Conference on The Entity-Relationship Approach, Rome, 1988 : North-Holland, Amsterdam. Barra, D. & Srinivasan, A. [1992] "A Review and Analysis of the Usability of Data Management Environments", International Joumal of Man-Machine Studies, 36, 395-417. Bedard, Y. & Paquette, F. [1989] "Extending Entity/Relationship Formalism for Spatial Information Systems". In Proceedings: Auto-Carto 9, Baltimore : ASPRS & ACSM, April, 819-827. Bracken, I. & Webster, C. [1989] "Towards a Typology of Geographical Information Systems", International Journal of Geographical Information Systems, 3 (2), 137-152. Calkins, H.W. & Marble, D.F. [1987] "The Transition to Automated Production Design of The Master Cartographic Database", The American Cartographer, 14 (2), 105-119. Chen, P.P. [1976] "The Entity-Relationship Model - Towards a Unified View of Data", ACM Transactions on Database Systems, 1 (1), March, 9-36. Codd, E.F. [1990] The Relational Model for Database Management (Version 2), Addison-Wesley, Reading, Massachusetts, 538p. Date, C.J. [1990] An Introduction to Database Systems,Vol. 1 (5th ed), Addison-Wesley, Reading,Massachusetts, 854p. Egenhofer, M.J. & Herring, J.R. [1991] "High Level Spatial Data Structures for GIS". In Maguire et al, 1991, Vol. 1, 227-37. Elmasri, R., Weeldreyer, J. & Hevner, A. [1985] "The Category Concept: An Extension to the Entity-Relationship Model", Data & Knowledge Engineering, 1, 75-116. Ferguson, J.R. [1988] "Data Modelling and Systems Analysis", Paper Presented at 19th Colleges of Advanced Education Computing Conference, Australia. Finkelstein, C. [1989] An Introduction to Information Engineering: From Strategic Planning to Information Systems, Addison-Wesley, Sydney, 393p. Firns, P.G. [1989] "Modelling Locational and Descriptive Data for a Pipe Network Information System". In Proceedings: URPIS 17, the 17th Annual Conference of the Australasian Urban and regional Information Systems Association, November 1989. Perth, Westem Australia : Australasian Urban and Regional Information Systems Association, 359-368. Firns, P.G. [1990] "Determining a Useful Balance Between Understandability and Rigour in Data Modelling", New Zealand Journal of Computing, 2 (1), 13-21. Firns, P.G. [1992] "Data Modelling for Spatial Information Systems: The Notion of a Spatial Entity", New Zealand Journal of Computing, 4 (1), 17-28. Firns, P.G. & Read N.S.L. [1989] "A Data Model for A Pipe Network Information System". In Proceedings: Inaugural Colloquium of the Spatial Information Research Centre, November 1989. Dunedin : University of Otago, 52-65. Goh, P. [1988] "Spatial Database Updates - A Formal Treatment Using Entity-Relationship Diagrams", The Australian Surveyor, 34 (3), 307-313. Hammer, M. & McLeod, D. [1981] "Database Description with SDM: A Semantic Database Model", ACM Transactions on Database Systems, 6 (3), 351-386. Healey, R.G. [1991] "Database Management Systems". In Maguire et al, 1991, Vol. 1, 251-67. Hull, R. & King, R. [1987] Semantic Database Modeling: Survey, Applications, and Research Issues", ACM Computing Surveys, 19 (3), September, 201-260. Kangassalo, H. (ed), [1991] "Entity-Relationship: The Core of Conceptual Modelling", Proceedings: 9th International Conference on The Entity-Relationship Approach, Lausanne, Switzerland, October, 1990 : North-Holland, Amsterdam. Kennedy, G.J. [1993] "A Systematic Approach to the Specification and Evaluation of an Information Systems Development Methodology", PhD Dissertation, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand, 155p. Kent, W. [1979] "Limitations of Record-Based Information Models", ACM Transactions on Database Systems, 4 (1), 107-131. Klimbie, J.W. & Koffeman, K.L. [1974] "Database Management". Proceedings of the IFIP Working Conference on Database Management, Corsica, France, April, North-Holland. Laurini, R. [1991] "Introduction to E.R. Modelling for Urban Data Management". In Kangassalo, 1991, 475-485. Maguire, D.J., Goodchild, M.F. & Rhind D.W. (eds.) [1991] Geographical Information Systems: Principles and Applications, Longman, London, vol. 1: 649p., vol. 2: 447p. Maguire, D., Stickler, G. & Browning, G [1992] "Handling Complex Objects in Geo-relational GIS". In Proceedings: 5th International Symposium on Spatial Data Handling, Charleston, August 1992, IGU Commission on GIS, pp 652-661. Morehouse, S. [1985] "ARC/INFO: A Geo-relational Model for Spatial Information". Proceedings: Auto-Carto 7, Falls Church, ASPRS, pp 388-397. Peckham, J & Maryanski, F. [1988] "Semantic Data models", ACM Computing Surveys,20 (3), September, 153-189. Peuquet, D.J. [1984] "A Conceptual Framework and Comparison of Spatial Data Models", Cartographica, 21, 66-113. Taylor, R. & Frank, R. [1976] "CODASYL Database Management Systems", ACM Computing Surveys, 8 (1), 67-104. Tsichritzis, D. & Lochovsky, F. [1976] "Hierarchical Database Management", ACM Computing Surveys, 8 (1), 105-24. Tsichritzis, D.C. & Lochovsky, F.H. [1982] Data Models, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, 381p. Worboys, M.F., Hearnshaw, H.M. & Maguire, D.J. [1990] "Object-Oriented Data Modelling for Spatial Databases", International Joumal of Geographical Information Systems, 4 (4), 369-383

Attitudinal differences between generation-x and older employees

Using qualitative and quantitative methods the current paper investigated the differences in levels of trust, commitment, procedural justice and turnover intention between Generation-X employees (Gen-Xers) and older age group employees. 234 participants were included in the study, 83 Gen-X subjects and 151 older, non Gen-X subjects. No difference between the Gen-X and the older group was found for levels of affective commitment or trust. As predicted, Gen-X employees displayed lower continuance commitment, exhibited stronger turnover intentions, and had lower scores for perceptions of procedural justice. Relationships between the variables were similar across the Gen-X and older age group. The implications of these findings for the effective management of Gen-X employees are discussed