Characterization of potential probiotic in digestive tract of Mugil cephalus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Probiotics are beneficial microbes in living things that are useful for improving the balance of microbes in the digestive tract and have a positive influence on the physiology and healthiness of the host. This study aimed to obtain bacterial isolates that could be used as probiotics from striped mullet (Mugil cephalus) and to characterize it macroscopically, microscopically, and biochemically. Isolation of probiotic bacteria was carried out using the spread plate method. The medium used to isolate probiotic bacteria was MRSA (De Man Rogose Sharpe Agar) medium. The probiotic test was carried out by hydrolysis of starch and casein. The diversity of bacterial morphology was observed based on macroscopic, microscopic, and biochemical tests. A total of 2 probiotic bacteria (PIB 1 and PIB 2) were obtained. The characterization results showed that the two probiotic bacteria belonged to the Gram-positive bacteria, in the form of bacilli which had different colony morphology. The results of morphological and biochemical tests indicated that one bacterial isolate belonged to the genus Bacillus (PIB 1) and the other isolate belonged to the genus Lactobacillus (PIB 2)

CONTEXTUAL CLUES TECHNIQUE TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’ VOCABULARY MASTERY

This classroom action research is conducted to improve the students’ achievement on vocabulary through Contextual Clues Technique (CCT). The subject of the study is Class VIIIC students of SMPN I Labang Bangkalan in the academic year of 2013/2014. The class consists of 40 students. This study was conducted in three cycles and in each of the cycles is ended with one additional meeting for vocabulary teacher-made test. In this study, there were two types of data, the quantitative and qualitative data. The quantitative data were collected through pretest, test 1, test 2, and post test. The qualitative data were collected through observation checklist and field note, teacher’s diary, questionnaire, and interview. The quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistic to compare the mean scores of each test and also using T-test analysis to find the significance of the improvement. The qualitative data were analyzed using the descriptive analysis to know their improvement toward the use of CCT in learning vocabulary

Pengaruh Formulasi Pakan Hijauan (Rumput Gajah, Kaliandra dan Gamal) terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Bobot Karkas Domba

The effect of forage formulation (elephant grass, kaliandra, and gamal leaves) on the growth and carcass of sheep ABSTRACT. Feed is one of most important factors to increase animal production. Feeding animal with only one kind of grass such as elephant grass on ruminant animals including sheep is not able to increase the productivity of the animals. Kaliandra and gamal leaves contain high level of protein and can be formulated to ruminant nutrition. The purpose of this experiment is to evaluate the effect of forage namely elephant grass (Penisetum sp.), kaliandra (Caliandra calothyrsus), and gamal (Gliricidia sepium) on the growth and carcass of sheep. Forty nine sheep with the starting weight of 15,42 kg (SD 2,68) were used in this experiment and fed fresh elephant grass (RGS), fresh kaliandra (KS), dried kaliandra (KKR) and steamed kaliandra (KKS). Treatment A: 70 % RGS + 30 % KS, B: 70 % RGS + 30 % GS, C: 70 % RGS + 15 % KS + 15 % GS, D: 70 % RGS + 15 % KKR + 15 % GS, E: 70 % RGS + 15 % KKS + 15 % GS. Animals were fed for 70 days and given free access of water (ad libitum). Data collection was the growth of animals (average daily gain) and the weight of carcass. All data was analyzed by ANOVA. The results of the experiment show that forage formulation (fresh elephant grass, fresh, dried and steamed kaliandra and fresh gamal leaves) were not significantly effect on the growth and carcass of sheep

Pengaruh Formulasi Pakan Hijauan (Rumput Gajah, Kaliandra dan Gamal) terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Bobot Karkas Domba

The effect of forage formulation (elephant grass, kaliandra, and gamal leaves) on the growth and carcass of sheepABSTRACT. Feed is one of most important factors to increase animal production. Feeding animal with only one kind of grass such as elephant grass on ruminant animals including sheep is not able to increase the productivity of the animals. Kaliandra and gamal leaves contain high level of protein and can be formulated to ruminant nutrition. The purpose of this experiment is to evaluate the effect of forage namely elephant grass (Penisetum sp.), kaliandra (Caliandra calothyrsus), and gamal (Gliricidia sepium) on the growth and carcass of sheep. Forty nine sheep with the starting weight of 15,42 kg (SD 2,68) were used in this experiment and fed fresh elephant grass (RGS), fresh kaliandra (KS), dried kaliandra (KKR) and steamed kaliandra (KKS). Treatment A: 70 % RGS + 30 % KS, B: 70 % RGS + 30 % GS, C: 70 % RGS + 15 % KS + 15 % GS, D: 70 % RGS + 15 % KKR + 15 % GS, E: 70 % RGS + 15 % KKS + 15 % GS. Animals were fed for 70 days and given free access of water (ad libitum). Data collection was the growth of animals (average daily gain) and the weight of carcass. All data was analyzed by ANOVA. The results of the experiment show that forage formulation (fresh elephant grass, fresh, dried and steamed kaliandra and fresh gamal leaves) were not significantly effect on the growth and carcass of sheep

Pengaruh Formulasi Pakan Hijauan (Kaliandra, Gamal dan Rumput Gajah) Terhadap Distribusi Protein dalam Saluran Pencernaan Domba

Feed formulation influence of forage (Caliandra calothyrsus, Gliricidia sepium and Penisetum sp.) on distribution protein in sheep digestive tract ABSTRACT. It was assumed that feed formulation given to animals has an effect on digested nutrient of the animals. The purpose of this experiment is to investigate nutrient contribution mainly protein in digestive tracts of sheep by forage formulation treatment (Caliandra calothyrsus, Gliricidia sepium and Penisetum sp.). Thirty (30) sheep tails with the average body weight 15,42 kg (SD 2,68) were fed forage with the following formulation: A. Fresh Penisetum sp. (FP) and fresh Caliandra calothyrsus (FC) (7 : 3 or 70 % + 30 %), B. Fresh Penisetum sp. (FP) and fresh Gliricidia sepium (FG) (7 : 3 or 70 % + 30 %), C. Fresh Penisetum sp. (FP), fresh Caliandra calothyrsus (FC) and fresh Gliricidia sepium (FG). The experiment was conducted for 90 days and water was provided ad libitum. Parameter recorded in this experiment were distribution of protein in sheep digestive tract, covers by protein rate in rumen, omasum, abomasum, small intestine, caecum, large intestine and rectal. Data recorded were processed by covariant analysis with body weight of sheep at the early experiment treatment as a covariant. Continuation test with Tukey test. The results of this research indicated that treatment had no significant effect on protein distribution of digestive tract. It was shown by protein content in digestive tract had no significantly difference among treatments ( P < 0,05), except for rectum part

The Effect of Curry Leaves (Murayya Koenigii L.) on Blood Glucose Levels in Alloxan Diabetic Mice (Mus Musculus)

This study was conducted to determine the effect of ethanol extract of curry leaves (Murraya koenigii L.) on blood glucose levels in alloxan diabetic mice (Mus musculus). The diabetic conditions were made by giving alloxan 75 mg/kg body weight (BW) and the hypoglycemic effects of extract of curry leaves given with various doses. This study used 24 male mice strain Balb/c in four groups of treatment with six replications, namely the negative control group, the ethanol extract of curry leaf tree 50% mL/10g body weight group, 70% mL/10g body weight group and 90% mL/10g body weight group. The treatment was given orally by using a gastric sonde for 14 days. Blood samples were taken through the sinus caudalis using a scissors. Blood glucose level was measured at 1st , the 8th and the 24th of treatment using blood glucose test strips and Nesco® Multicheck apparatus. Blood glucose data were analyzed by one way ANOVA (Analysis of Variants) and followed by Tuckey test at significance level of 5%. The result showed that treatment of ethanol extract of curry leaves (Murraya koenigii) at various doses significantly affected the decrease on blood glucose levels of mice (Mus musculus) alloxan diabetic

Pertumbuhan Benih Ikan Bawal Air Tawar (Colossoma Macropomum) pada Pemberian Pakan Alami yang Berbeda

The objective of this research was to determine the effect of life feeds on the growth performance of pomfret (Colossoa macropomum) Â larvae. Five life feed i.e. Pomacea canaliculata, Mysis relicta, Tubifex sp, Culex sp., and Daphnia sp. Were tested in this study. The research was conducted at the Laboratory of Aquatic, Veterinarary Faculty, Syiah Kuala University from April to May 2015. The completely randomized design wwith five treatments and four replications were used. The results showed that the life feeds has not gave the significant effect on the growth performance and the survival rate of C. macropomum juvenile. However, the higher growth and survival rates were found at fish fed on silk worm.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian pakan alami, Pomacea canaliculata, Mysis relicta, Tubifex sp, Culex sp, dan Daphnia sp terhadap pertumbuhan dan tingkat kelangsungan hidup benih ikan bawal air tawar (Colossoma macropomum). Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Aquatik, Fakultas Kedokteran hewan Universitas Syiah Kuala, pada tanggal 15 April hingga 16 Mei 2015. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan lima perlakuan dan empat ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari Pomacea canaliculata (A), Mysis relicta (B), Tubifex sp. (C), Culex sp (D). dan Daphnia sp. (E). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan pemberian pakan alami yang berbeda tidak berpegaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan dan kelangsungan hidup benih ikan bawal air tawar (C. macropomum). Namun demikian, pertumbuhan dan kelangsungan hidup yang lebih baik ditemukan pada pemberian cacing sutr

Pengaruh Formulasi Pakan Hijauan (Kaliandra, Gamal dan Rumput Gajah) Terhadap Distribusi Protein dalam Saluran Pencernaan Domba

Feed formulation influence of forage (Caliandra calothyrsus, Gliricidia sepium and Penisetum sp.) on distribution protein in sheep digestive tractABSTRACT. It was assumed that feed formulation given to animals has an effect on digested nutrient of the animals. The purpose of this experiment is to investigate nutrient contribution mainly protein in digestive tracts of sheep by forage formulation treatment (Caliandra calothyrsus, Gliricidia sepium and Penisetum sp.). Thirty (30) sheep tails with the average body weight 15,42 kg (SD 2,68) were fed forage with the following formulation: A. Fresh Penisetum sp. (FP) and fresh Caliandra calothyrsus (FC) (7 : 3 or 70 % + 30 %), B. Fresh Penisetum sp. (FP) and fresh Gliricidia sepium (FG) (7 : 3 or 70 % + 30 %), C. Fresh Penisetum sp. (FP), fresh Caliandra calothyrsus (FC) and fresh Gliricidia sepium (FG). The experiment was conducted for 90 days and water was provided ad libitum. Parameter recorded in this experiment were distribution of protein in sheep digestive tract, covers by protein rate in rumen, omasum, abomasum, small intestine, caecum, large intestine and rectal. Data recorded were processed by covariant analysis with body weight of sheep at the early experiment treatment as a covariant. Continuation test with Tukey test. The results of this research indicated that treatment had no significant effect on protein distribution of digestive tract. It was shown by protein content in digestive tract had no significantly difference among treatments ( P 0,05), except for rectum part

Kontaminasi Logam Berat pada Air Sumur Warga Akibat Air Lindi dari Tempat Pemrosesan Akhir (TPA)

Sistem pengelolaan sampah di sejumlah TPA di Indonesia masih menerapkan metode open dumping yang dapat mencemari lingkungan melalui rembesan air lindi. Logam berat yang terkandung dalam air lindi dapat mempengaruhi kualitas air sumur warga yang berdekatan dengan lokasi TPA. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi/penelusuran pustaka dengan mengumpulkan artikel mengenai air lindi dari Tempat Pemrosesan Akhir (TPA) yang dilaporkan sudah mencemari air sumur warga. Referensi yang dikumpulkan dalam rentang tahun 2013-2023. Beberapa penelitian di Indonesia menunjukkan bahwa sumur-sumur warga yang berdekatan dengan Tempat Pemrosesan Akhir (TPA) telah tercemar oleh logam berat dengan kandungan yang melebihi standar baku mutu yang ditetapkan dalam peraturan pemerintah. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa pengelolaan TPA di Indonesia masih memerlukan perhatian dan perbaikan yang lebih serius untuk mencegah pencemaran lingkungan dan kesehatan masyarakat. Berbagai penelitian ini memberikan informasi penting mengenai kondisi polusi air dan kerentanan air tanah di sekitar TPA. Hasil penelitian ini dapat menjadi dasar untuk mengembangkan strategi pengelolaan lingkungan yang lebih efektif di wilayah tersebut