9,068 research outputs found
On arithmetic and asymptotic properties of up-down numbers
Let , where , and let
denote the number of permutations of whose
up-down signature , for .
We prove that the set of all up-down numbers can be expressed by
a single universal polynomial , whose coefficients are products of
numbers from the Taylor series of the hyperbolic tangent function. We prove
that is a modified exponential, and deduce some remarkable congruence
properties for the set of all numbers , for fixed . We prove a
concise upper-bound for , which describes the asymptotic behaviour
of the up-down function in the limit .Comment: Recommended for publication in Discrete Mathematics subject to
revision
Diurnal plasma-ACTH-levels in corticosteroid treated patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)
Stationary phase slip state in quasi-one-dimensional rings
The nonuniform superconducting state in a ring in which the order parameter
vanishing at one point is studied. This state is characterized by a jump of the
phase by at the point where the order parameter becomes zero. In uniform
rings such a state is a saddle-point state and consequently unstable. However,
for non-uniform rings with e.g. variations of geometrical or physical
parameters or with attached wires this state can be stabilized and may be
realized experimentally.Comment: 6 pages, 7 figures, RevTex 4.0 styl
A simple solution of the critical Kauffman model with connectivity one
The Kauffman model is a model of genetic computation that highlights the
importance of criticality at the border of order and chaos. But our
understanding of its behavior is incomplete, and much of what we do know relies
on intricate arguments. We give a simple proof that the number of attractors
for the critical Kauffman model with connectivity one grows faster than
previously believed. Our approach relies on a link between the critical
dynamics and number theory.Comment: 2 page
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A Multinational Analysis of Mutations and Heterogeneity in PZase, RpsA, and PanD Associated with Pyrazinamide Resistance in M/XDR Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Pyrazinamide (PZA) is an important first-line drug in all existing and new tuberculosis (TB) treatment regimens. PZA-resistance in M. tuberculosis is increasing, especially among M/XDR cases. Noted issues with PZA Drug Susceptibility Testing (DST) have driven the search for alternative tests. This study provides a comprehensive assessment of PZA molecular diagnostics in M/XDR TB cases. A set of 296, mostly XDR, clinical M. tuberculosis isolates from four countries were subjected to DST for eight drugs, confirmatory Wayne's assay, and whole-genome sequencing. Three genes implicated in PZA resistance, pncA, rpsA, and panD were investigated. Assuming all non-synonymous mutations cause resistance, we report 90% sensitivity and 65% specificity for a pncA-based molecular test. The addition of rpsA and panD potentially provides 2% increase in sensitivity. Molecular heterogeneity in pncA was associated with resistance and should be evaluated as a diagnostic tool. Mutations near the N-terminus and C-terminus of PZase were associated with East-Asian and Euro-American lineages, respectively. Finally, Euro-American isolates are most likely to have a wild-type PZase and escape molecular detection. Overall, the 8-10% resistance without markers may point to alternative mechanisms of resistance. Confirmatory mutagenesis may improve the disconcertingly low specificity but reduce sensitivity since not all mutations may cause resistance
Paramagnetic Meissner effect in superconductors from self-consistent solutions of Ginzburg-Landau equations
The paramagnetic Meissner effect (PME) is observed in small superconducting
samples, and a number of controversial explanations of this effect are
proposed, but there is as yet no clear understanding of its nature. In the
present paper PME is considered on the base of the Ginzburg-Landau theory (GL).
The one-dimensional solutions are obtained in a model case of a long
superconducting cylinder for different cylinder radii R, the GL-parameters
\kappa and vorticities m. Acording to GL-theory, PME is caused by the presence
of vortices inside the sample. The superconducting current flows around the
vortex to screeen the vortex own field from the bulk of the sample. Another
current flows at the boundary to screen the external field H from entering the
sample. These screening currents flow in opposite directions and contribute
with opposite signs to the total magnetic moment (or magnetization) of the
sample. Depending on H, the total magnetization M may be either negative
(diamagnetism), or positive (paramagnetism). A very complicated saw-like
dependence M(H) (and other characteristics), which are obtained on the base of
self-consistent solutions of the GL-equations, are discussed.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures, RevTex, submitted to Phys. Rev.
Multi-Modal Human-Machine Communication for Instructing Robot Grasping Tasks
A major challenge for the realization of intelligent robots is to supply them
with cognitive abilities in order to allow ordinary users to program them
easily and intuitively. One way of such programming is teaching work tasks by
interactive demonstration. To make this effective and convenient for the user,
the machine must be capable to establish a common focus of attention and be
able to use and integrate spoken instructions, visual perceptions, and
non-verbal clues like gestural commands. We report progress in building a
hybrid architecture that combines statistical methods, neural networks, and
finite state machines into an integrated system for instructing grasping tasks
by man-machine interaction. The system combines the GRAVIS-robot for visual
attention and gestural instruction with an intelligent interface for speech
recognition and linguistic interpretation, and an modality fusion module to
allow multi-modal task-oriented man-machine communication with respect to
dextrous robot manipulation of objects.Comment: 7 pages, 8 figure
A complex relationship between immunity and metabolism in Drosophila diet-induced insulin resistance
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