835 research outputs found
Special thematic section on "rethinking health and social justice activism in changing times": Queer solidarities: New activisms erupting at the intersection of structural precarity and radical misrecognition
This article investigates the relationship between exposure to structural injustice, experiences of social discrimination, psychological well being, physical health, and engagement in activist solidarities for a large, racially diverse and inclusive sample of 5,860 LGBTQ/Gender Expansive youth in the United States. Through a participatory action research design and a national survey created by an intergenerational research collective, the âWhatâs Your Issue?â survey data are used to explore the relationships between injustice, discrimination and activism; to develop an analysis of how race and gender affect young peopleâs vulnerabilities to State violence (in housing, schools and by the police), and their trajectories to activism, and to amplify a range of âintimate activismsâ engaged by LGBTQ/GE youth with powerful adults outside their community, and with often marginalized peers within. The essay ends with a theoretical appreciation of misrecognition as structural violence; activism as a racialized and gendered response to injustice, and an elaborated archive of âintimate activismsâ engaged with dominant actors and within community, by LGBTQ/GE youth who have been exiled from home, school, state protection and/or community and embody, nevertheless, âwillful subjectivitiesâ
Universals, Laws, and Governance
Proponents of the dispositional theory of properties typically claim that their view is not one that offers a realist, governing conception of laws. My first aim is to show that, contrary to this claim, if one commits to dispositionalism then one does not automatically give up on a robust, realist theory of laws. This is because dispositionalism can readily be developed within a Platonic framework of universals. Second, I argue that there are good reasons for realist dispositionalists to favour a Platonic view. This is because the alternative Aristotelian version of dispositionalism, on which universals are immanent entities, is unstable for various reasons. My final aim is to address a common criticism facing Platonic theories of laws, which is the problem of how external entities can play an explanatory role where the worldâs law-like patterns of behaviour are concerned. I argue that the Platonistsâ response to the one over many problem can help to shed light on this matter, and a possible solution is sketched, one which makes use of the notions of essence, constitution and ontological dependence
From regional pulse vaccination to global disease eradication: insights from a mathematical model of Poliomyelitis
Mass-vaccination campaigns are an important strategy in the global fight
against poliomyelitis and measles. The large-scale logistics required for these
mass immunisation campaigns magnifies the need for research into the
effectiveness and optimal deployment of pulse vaccination. In order to better
understand this control strategy, we propose a mathematical model accounting
for the disease dynamics in connected regions, incorporating seasonality,
environmental reservoirs and independent periodic pulse vaccination schedules
in each region. The effective reproduction number, , is defined and proved
to be a global threshold for persistence of the disease. Analytical and
numerical calculations show the importance of synchronising the pulse
vaccinations in connected regions and the timing of the pulses with respect to
the pathogen circulation seasonality. Our results indicate that it may be
crucial for mass-vaccination programs, such as national immunisation days, to
be synchronised across different regions. In addition, simulations show that a
migration imbalance can increase and alter how pulse vaccination should
be optimally distributed among the patches, similar to results found with
constant-rate vaccination. Furthermore, contrary to the case of constant-rate
vaccination, the fraction of environmental transmission affects the value of
when pulse vaccination is present.Comment: Added section 6.1, made other revisions, changed titl
Measuring cancer burden in prostatic needle core biopsies: simplified assessments outperform complex measurements in assessing outcome: evidence to assist pathologist efficiency and minimize datasets
Cardiac Complications in Patients with Community-Acquired Pneumonia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies
Vicente Corrales-Medina and colleagues report estimates of the risk of cardiac complications among patients with community-acquired pneumonia from a systematic review and meta-analysis
Using data-driven rules to predict mortality in severe community acquired pneumonia
Prediction of patient-centered outcomes in hospitals is useful for performance benchmarking, resource allocation, and guidance regarding active treatment and withdrawal of care. Yet, their use by clinicians is limited by the complexity of available tools and amount of data required. We propose to use Disjunctive Normal Forms as a novel approach to predict hospital and 90-day mortality from instance-based patient data, comprising demographic, genetic, and physiologic information in a large cohort of patients admitted with severe community acquired pneumonia. We develop two algorithms to efficiently learn Disjunctive Normal Forms, which yield easy-to-interpret rules that explicitly map data to the outcome of interest. Disjunctive Normal Forms achieve higher prediction performance quality compared to a set of state-of-the-art machine learning models, and unveils insights unavailable with standard methods. Disjunctive Normal Forms constitute an intuitive set of prediction rules that could be easily implemented to predict outcomes and guide criteria-based clinical decision making and clinical trial execution, and thus of greater practical usefulness than currently available prediction tools. The Java implementation of the tool JavaDNF will be publicly available. © 2014 Wu et al
Effect of metabolic acidosis on renal tubular sodium handling in rats as determined by lithium clearance
- âŠ