Carcinoid tumour of the appendix in children: a case report

Carcinoids are the most common tumours of the appendix. These tumours show prevalence in white children. The clinical presentation of the appendiceal carcinoids is similar to that of acute appendicitis, although in many cases the tumour is diagnosed incidentally during an operation. The diagnosis should be confirmed histologically. The prognosis in patients with local disease is excellent. In small lesions isolated appendicectomy is considered as the most appropriate treatment, while in larger lesions right colectomy should be performed. We report a case of a carcinoid tumour in the tip of the appendix of a thirteen year old girl which was diagnosed intraoperatively. The patient received isolated appendicectomy due to the small size of the lesion. Ten years after the operation there is no evidence of recurrence or metastases, and the patient is considered free of disease

Cecal epiploica appendix torsion in a female child mimicking acute appendicitis: a case report

Acute appendicitis is the most common cause of the right lower quadrant acute abdominal pain in children. Some other conditions including cecal epiploica appendix torsion, can simulate acute abdomen. Epiploica appendix torsion usually occurs in the sigmoid colon and rarely in the cecum of adult males. In children, this entity is extremely rare and may represent a diagnostic and therapeutic dilemma. We report a case of an 8-year-old Greek girl, presented with signs and symptoms mimicking acute abdomen. Our patient is the younger one among the other four with cecal epiploica appendix torsion that had been reported in the literature

Torsion of an intrahydrocelic sac in a child: A case report

We report the case of a 3-yr-old boy who presented an acute right hydrocele. A rapid scrotal swelling under tension developed the first hours and the child complained for discomfort especially during palpation of the scrotum. Three days later, surgical exploration revealed an incomplete torsion of a communicated and pedunculated peritoneal sac arising from the tunica vaginalis testis

Ψυχοκοινωνικές επιπτώσεις του σεισμού, 2014, στην Κεφαλονιά, σε δείγμα εκπαιδευτικών πρωτοβάθμιας και δευτεροβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης

Οι σεισμοί αποτελούν φυσικές καταστροφές με ψυχικές συνέπειες στον πληθυσμό των πληγέντων περιοχών. Μετά από σεισμούς έχει παρατηρηθεί η εκδήλωση μετατραυματικού στρες και άλλων ψυχολογικών αντιδράσεων. Οι αντιδράσεις αυτές επηρεάζουν τη λειτουργικότητα των ατόμων στην καθημερινή τους ζωή. Το 2014 έγιναν στην Κεφαλονιά δύο ισχυροί σεισμοί και μελετήθηκαν οι ψυχοκοινωνικές επιπτώσεις τους στους μαθητές, στους γονείς και στους εκπαιδευτικούς του νησιού. Η παρούσα μελέτη αφορά την ανάλυση του δείγματος των εκπαιδευτικών πρωτοβάθμιας και δευτεροβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης και αποτελεί μέρος της ευρύτερης έρευνας και παρεμβάσεων που πραγματοποιήθηκε στη σχολική κοινότητα της Κεφαλονιάς, με στόχο την πρόληψη του μετατραυματικού στρες και άλλων ψυχολογικών αντιδράσεων, έπειτα από μεγάλο σεισμό που έπληξε το νησί το 2014. Επιπροσθέτως, επιχειρείται για πρώτη φορά στα ελληνικά δεδομένα ο συσχετισμός του μετατραυματικού στρες και του άγχους με δημογραφικούς και εργασιακούς παράγοντες, με παράγοντες που σχετίζονται με τον σεισμό και με την κοινωνική υποστήριξη, σε δείγμα εκπαιδευτικών.Earthquakes are natural disasters which lead to psychological consequences to the population of wounded areas. After earthquakes there has been observed post- traumatic stress and other psychological reactions. These reactions affect the functional ability of people in their every day life. In 2014 two major earthquakes shook Cephalonia and their psycho- social consequences to students, parents and educators were studied. This study aims at the sample analysis of educators in elementary and secondary education and constitutes part of a broader research and interventions which took place at the school community in Cephalonia, aiming at the prevention of post- traumatic stress and other psychological reactions, after the major earthquake which shook the island in 2014. Moreover, it’s the first attempt nationwide that post- traumatic stress and anguish are correlated to demographic and working factors, and to factors which are related to the earthquake and the social of educators

The polymycovirus-mediated growth enhancement of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana is dependent on carbon and nitrogen metabolism

© 2021 Filippou, Diss, Daudu, Coutts and Kotta-Loizou. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Polymycoviridae is a growing family of mycoviruses whose members typically have non-conventional capsids and multi-segmented, double-stranded (ds) RNA genomes. Beauveria bassiana polymycovirus (BbPmV) 1 is known to enhance the growth and virulence of its fungal host, the entomopathogenic ascomycete and popular biological control agent B. bassiana. Here we report the complete sequence of BbPmV-3, which has six genomic dsRNA segments. Phylogenetic analysis of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) protein sequences revealed that BbPmV-3 is closely related to the partially sequenced BbPmV-2 but not BbPmV-1. Nevertheless, both BbPmV-3 and BbPmV-1 have similar effects on their respective host isolates ATHUM 4946 and EABb 92/11-Dm, affecting pigmentation, sporulation, and radial growth. Production of conidia and radial growth are significantly enhanced in virus-infected isolates as compared to virus-free isogenic lines on Czapek-Dox complete and minimal media that contain sucrose and sodium nitrate. However, this polymycovirus-mediated effect on growth is dependent on the carbon and nitrogen sources available to the host fungus. Both BbPmV-3 and BbPmV-1 increase growth of ATHUM 4946 and EABb 92/11-Dm when sucrose is replaced by lactose, trehalose, glucose, or glycerol, while the effect is reversed on maltose and fructose. Similarly, both BbPmV-3 and BbPmV-1 decrease growth of ATHUM 4946 and EABb 92/11-Dm when sodium nitrate is replaced by sodium nitrite, potassium nitrate, or ammonium nitrate. In conclusion, the effects of polymycoviruses on B. bassiana are at least partially mediated via its metabolic pathways.Peer reviewedFinal Published versio

DANCE AND COSTUME. FROM THE TRADITION TO PERFORMANCE

According to dance sociologists and anthropologist, folk dance is an aspect of human behaviour, a non-verbal system of communication in which society itself is reflected. Dance, apart from motion, also covers the areas surrounding it: the environment where it occurs and develops, the relationships between the dancers themselves and between the dancers and spectators, the objects used during the performance and even the dancers' costumes. But what was the traditional Greek costume like? The common understanding (Vrelli-Zaxou 1994) is that traditional costume is the costume, which on the one hand defines the identity of an agricultural society and on the other expresses the relationship between an individual and the society. Giselis (1974) writes that the costume is a symbol of the group and not of its wearer's personality, which under pressure may be forced to conform to the communal spirit. It is never easy to distinguish oneself from the community with a costume (Vrelli-Zaxou 1994), since the society itself activates the mechanism of social control and sanctions forcing a possible future innovator to return to the order. The main characteristic of folk costume is that it is generally accepted by the majority (Vrelli-Zaxou 1994). We cannot overlook the fact that the word 'costume', which is a foreign word for the Greek, is derived from the English word 'costume' and its doublet 'custom', which in their turn are derivations of Latin consuetudo 'habit'. All the above is derived from the fact that every place has its own costume. The common distinction by several authors (e.g. Roubis 1995) between the costumes of the inhabitants of mountainous regions and those living on the plains, and also between the costumes of the islanders and the inhabitants of mainland, is no longer valid, as research has proved that a century ago villages distinguished themselves from others with a characteristic costume (Hatzimichali 1925)

Acute jejunoileal obstruction due to a pseudopolyp in a child with undiagnosed crohn disease: A case report

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Introduction</p> <p>Crohn's disease (CD) can affect any part of the alimentary tract from the mouth to the anus, with most common site being the terminal ileum.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>A child suffering from undiagnosed Crohn disease (CD), presented with an acute abdominal obstruction due to a large pseudopolyp in the jejunoileal area. At laparotomy, a jejunoileal segment of 45 cm, containing multiple areas of damage to the small intestine, was excised and a primary end – to – end anastomosis was performed.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The coexistence of an intestinal pseudopolyp with undiagnosed Crohn's disease may be the cause of acute abdominal obstruction in children.</p

Patient-Tailored Connectomics Visualization for the Assessment of White Matter Atrophy in Traumatic Brain Injury

Available approaches to the investigation of traumatic brain injury (TBI) are frequently hampered, to some extent, by the unsatisfactory abilities of existing methodologies to efficiently define and represent affected structural connectivity and functional mechanisms underlying TBI-related pathology. In this paper, we describe a patient-tailored framework which allows mapping and characterization of TBI-related structural damage to the brain via multimodal neuroimaging and personalized connectomics. Specifically, we introduce a graphically driven approach for the assessment of trauma-related atrophy of white matter connections between cortical structures, with relevance to the quantification of TBI chronic case evolution. This approach allows one to inform the formulation of graphical neurophysiological and neuropsychological TBI profiles based on the particular structural deficits of the affected patient. In addition, it allows one to relate the findings supplied by our workflow to the existing body of research that focuses on the functional roles of the cortical structures being targeted. A graphical means for representing patient TBI status is relevant to the emerging field of personalized medicine and to the investigation of neural atrophy

Early Anticoagulation in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke Due to Atrial Fibrillation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: There is uncertainty regarding the optimal timing for initiation of oral anticoagulation in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) due to atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized-controlled clinical trials (RCTs) and prospective observational studies to assess the efficacy and safety of early anticoagulation in AF-related AIS (within 1 week versus 2 weeks). A second comparison was performed assessing the efficacy and safety of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) versus vitamin-K antagonists (VKAs) in the two early time windows. The outcomes of interest were IS recurrence, all-cause mortality, symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage (sICH) and any ICH. Results: Eight eligible studies (6 observational, 2 RCTs) were identified, including 5616 patients with AF-related AIS who received early anticoagulation. Patients that received anticoagulants within the first week after index stroke had similar rate of recurrent IS, sICH and all-cause mortality compared to patients that received anticoagulation within two weeks (test for subgroup differences p = 0.1677; p = 0.8941; and p = 0.7786, respectively). When DOACs were compared to VKAs, there was a significant decline of IS recurrence in DOAC-treated patients compared to VKAs (RR: 0.65; 95%CI: 0.52-0.82), which was evident in both time windows of treatment initiation. DOACs were also associated with lower likelihood of sICH and all-cause mortality. Conclusions: Early initiation of anticoagulation within the first week may have a similar efficacy and safety profile compared to later anticoagulation (within two weeks), while DOACs seem more effective in terms of IS recurrence and survival compared to VKAs

Hepatic abscess in a pre-existed simple hepatic cyst as a late complication of sigmoid colon ruptured diverticula: a case report

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Introduction</p> <p>Hepatic abscesses have been reported as a rare complication of diverticulitis of the bowel. This complication is recognized more commonly at the time of the diagnosis of diverticulitis, or ruptured diverticula, but also can be diagnosed prior to surgery, or postoperatively.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>This report describes a man who developed an hepatic abscess within a simple hepatic cyst, two months after operation for ruptured diverticula of the sigmoid colon. The abscess was drained surgically and the patient made a complete recovery.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The development of an hepatic abscess in a pre-existing hepatic cyst, secondary to diverticulitis, is a rare complication. A high degree of clinical suspicion is required for immediate diagnosis and treatment.</p