Evidence for Quark-Hadron Duality in the Proton Spin Asymmetry A_1

Spin-dependent lepton-nucleon scattering data have been used to investigate the validity of the concept of quark-hadron duality for the spin asymmetry A_1. Longitudinally polarized positrons were scattered off a longitudinally polarized hydrogen target for values of Q^2 between 1.2 and 12  GeV^2 and values of W^2 between 1 and 4  GeV^2. The average double-spin asymmetry in the nucleon resonance region is found to agree with that measured in deep-inelastic scattering at the same values of the Bjorken scaling variable x. This finding implies that the description of A_1 in terms of quark degrees of freedom is valid also in the nucleon resonance region for values of Q^2 above 1.6  GeV^2

Measurement of the Beam-Spin Azimuthal Asymmetry Associated with Deeply-Virtual Compton Scattering

The beam-spin asymmetry in hard electroproduction of photons has been measured. The data have been accumulated by the HERMES experiment at DESY using the HERA 27.6 GeV longitudinally polarized positron beam and an unpolarized hydrogen-gas target. The asymmetry in the azimuthal distribution of the produced photons in the angle φ relative to the lepton scattering plane was determined with respect to the helicity state of the incoming positron beam. The beam-spin analyzing power in the sinφ moment was measured to be -0.23±0.04(stat)±0.03(syst) in the missing-mass range below 1.7 GeV. The observed asymmetry is attributed to the interference of the Bethe-Heitler and deeply virtual Compton scattering processes

Single-spin azimuthal asymmetries in electroproduction of neutral pions in semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering

A single-spin asymmetry in the azimuthal distribution of neutral pions relative to the lepton scattering plane has been measured for the first time in deep-inelastic scattering of positrons off longitudinally polarized protons. The analyzing power in the sinφ moment of the cross section is 0.019±0.007(stat)±0.003(syst). This result is compared to single-spin asymmetries for charged pion production measured in the same kinematic range. The π^0 asymmetry is of the same size as the π^+ asymmetry and shows a similar dependence on the relevant kinematic variables. The asymmetry is described by a phenomenological calculation based on a fragmentation function that represents sensitivity to the transverse polarization of the struck quark

Preconditioning Kernel Matrices

The computational and storage complexity of kernel machines presents the primary barrier to their scaling to large, modern, datasets. A common way to tackle the scalability issue is to use the conjugate gradient algorithm, which relieves the constraints on both storage (the kernel matrix need not be stored) and computation (both stochastic gradients and parallelization can be used). Even so, conjugate gradient is not without its own issues: the conditioning of kernel matrices is often such that conjugate gradients will have poor convergence in practice. Preconditioning is a common approach to alleviating this issue. Here we propose preconditioned conjugate gradients for kernel machines, and develop a broad range of preconditioners particularly useful for kernel matrices. We describe a scalable approach to both solving kernel machines and learning their hyperparameters. We show this approach is exact in the limit of iterations and outperforms state-of-the-art approximations for a given computational budget

Giant Charge Relaxation Resistance in the Anderson Model

We investigate the dynamical charge response of the Anderson model viewed as a quantum RC circuit. Applying a low-energy effective Fermi liquid theory, a generalized Korringa-Shiba formula is derived at zero temperature, and the charge relaxation resistance is expressed solely in terms of static susceptibilities which are accessible by Bethe ansatz. We identify a giant charge relaxation resistance at intermediate magnetic fields related to the destruction of the Kondo singlet. The scaling properties of this peak are computed analytically in the Kondo regime. We also show that the resistance peak fades away at the particle-hole symmetric point.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figur

Extracting nucleon strange and anapole form factors from world data

The complete world set of parity violating electron scattering data up to Q^2~0.3 GeV^2 is analysed. We extract the current experimental determination of the strange electric and magnetic form factors of the proton, as well as the weak axial form factors of the proton and neutron, at Q^2 = 0.1 GeV^2. Within experimental uncertainties, we find that the strange form factors are consistent with zero, as are the anapole contributions to the axial form factors. Nevertheless, the correlation between the strange and anapole contributions suggest that there is only a small probability that these form factors all vanish simultaneously.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figs; v2: version to appear in PR

Violation of the Wiedemann-Franz law for one-dimensional ultracold atomic gases

We study energy and particle transport for one-dimensional strongly interacting bosons through a ballistic single channel connecting two atomic reservoirs. We show the emergence of particle- and energy-current separation, leading to the violation of the Wiedemann-Franz law. As a consequence, we predict different time scales for the equilibration of temperature and particle imbalances between the reservoirs. Going beyond the linear spectrum approximation, we show the emergence of thermoelectric effects, which could be controlled by either tuning interactions or the temperature. Our results describe, in a unified picture, fermions in condensed-matter devices and bosons in ultracold atom setups. We conclude by discussing the effects of a controllable disorder