3 research outputs found
Fenofases vegetativas e reprodutivas de Trema micrantha (L.) Blume no sudoeste do estado do Paraná
The study aimed to characterize the behavior of the vegetative and reproductive cycles of Trema micrantha (L.) Blume (grandiúva) in a reforestation area in the southwestern region of Paraná state, Brazil. The vegetative and reproductive phenophases of 12 individuals were monitored biweekly, three ones per planting plot. Then, the synchrony of the phenophases, the correlation with the meteorological variables and the periodicity of the events were analyzed. The species showed a high rate of leaf fall in the winter period (June-August), with the resumption of sprouting in September, which was influenced by the increase in the temperature and the volume of rainfall. For the reproductive phenophases, flowering starts in spring (September-October) and reaches its maximum in December; the fruit ripening and the seed dispersal starts in November, focusing on the period from January to April. Flowering and fruiting of the species have an extended annual pattern and high synchrony. The intensity of flower buds, flowers and immature fruits correlates significantly with the temperature and photoperiod variation in the southwest of Paraná state, demonstrating the interaction of Trema micrantha with the environment, as well as its adaptation in subtropical forests of the Atlantic Forest, being the phenology of the conditioned species more strongly by the photoperiod and temperature than by precipitation.O estudo teve por objetivo caracterizar o comportamento dos ciclos vegetativos e reprodutivos de Trema micrantha (L.) Blume (grandiúva) em área de reflorestamento na região sudoeste do estado do Paraná, Brasil. Foram monitoradas, quinzenalmente, as fenofases vegetativas e reprodutivas de 12 indivÃduos, sendo três por parcela de plantio. Em seguida, foram analisadas a sincronia das fenofases, a correlação com as variáveis meteorológicas e a periodicidade dos eventos. A espécie apresentou alto Ãndice de queda foliar no perÃodo de inverno (junho-agosto), ocorrendo a retomada de brotação em setembro, sendo esta influenciada pelo aumento de temperatura e volume de precipitação pluviométrica. Para as fenofases reprodutivas, a floração tem inÃcio na primavera (setembro-outubro) e atinge seu máximo em dezembro; a maturação de frutos e dispersão de sementes inicia em novembro, concentrando-se no perÃodo de janeiro a abril. A floração e a frutificação da espécie apresentam padrão anual estendido e alta sincronia. A intensidade dos botões florais, flores e frutos imaturos se correlacionam de forma significativa com a variação de temperatura e fotoperÃodo no sudoeste Paranaense, demonstrando a interação de Trema micrantha com o ambiente, bem como sua adaptação em florestas subtropicais da Mata Atlântica, estando a fenologia da espécie condicionada mais fortemente pelo fotoperÃodo e pela temperatura do que pela precipitação
PHENODYNAMICS OF Solanum mauritianum SCOP. IN A PLANTATION FOR SUBTROPICAL FOREST RESTORATION
We evaluated the phenodynamics of Solanum mauritianum Scop. in a forest plantation to check the ecological behavior of this species in restoration condition. Twelve trees were observed over 24 months, according to regrowth, flowering, fruiting and defoliation. The phenophases were correlated with the photoperiod, climatic variables, maximum, average, minimum temperature and precipitation through Pearson´s correlation. The species exhibited over the year highly synchronic, flowering and fruiting. The flowering occurred from January to December, with floral buds being observed simultaneously with ripe fruits, reaching a maximum dispersion in February. Temperatures below 10°C and frosts inhibited the leaf re-sprouts, promoting a leaf deciduous peak in March and June. The permanent availability of resources as flowers and fruits and the resilience of vegetative phenophases in response to severe frosts make S. mauritianum an adapted species of highly ecological potential to be used in regional restoration projects.
Estudo citogenético e viabilidade do pólen de Diatenopteryx sorbifolia Radlk.
The number of chromosomes and the meiotic characterization are important to studies involving genetic variability, germplasm and biodiversity. However, native forest species have not been sufficiently analyzed from a cytotaxonomic point of view. Therefore, the number of chromosomes, the meiotic behavior and the pollen viability of the Diatenopteryx sorbifolia Radlk were determined from five different accessions located in the southern region of Brazil. The species was considered diploid, 2n = 30 (x = 15), with regular meiotic behavior in phase I and absent in phase II, suggesting the presence of a genetic abnormality. Pollen grains infertility was between 57 and 67%. which may be associated to the formation of a low number of seeds in Diatenopteryx sorbifolia, probably due to the irregular behavior of the microsporogenesis.O número de cromossomos e a caracterização meiótica são importantes para estudos envolvendo variabilidade genética, germoplasma e biodiversidade. Entretanto, espécies florestais nativas não são suficientemente analisadas do ponto de vista citotaxonômico. Dessa forma, o número de cromossomos, o comportamento meiótico e a viabilidade polÃnica de Diatenopteryx sorbifolia Radlk foram determinados a partir de cinco acessos diferentes localizados na região sul do Brasil. A espécie foi considerada diplóide, 2n = 30 (x = 15), com comportamento meiótico regular na fase I e ausente na fase II, sugerindo a presença de uma anormalidade genética. A infertilidade dos grãos de pólen ficou entre 57 e 67%, o que pode estar associado à formação de um baixo número de sementes em Diatenopteryx sorbifolia, provavelmente em decorrência do comportamento irregular na microsporogênese