Δεσμοί ψυχής-σώματος στην ψυχαναλυτική θεωρία και κλινική. Το σώμα ως αναπαράσταση και χρήση: μια κλινικο-θεωρητική προσέγγιση ασθενών στο φάσμα της οριακής-ναρκισσιστικής παθολογίας

Στην κλινικο-θεωρητική μελέτη που ακολουθεί το σώμα προσεγγίζεται ως μεταψυχολογική έννοια με στόχο την ανάδειξη πτυχών της σχέσης σωματικού και ψυχικού στην κλινική τους έκφραση. Με αναφορά σε δύο κλινικές περιπτώσεις στο φάσμα της οριακής-ναρκισσιστικής παθολογίας, το σώμα μελετάται μέσα από τις αναπαραστάσεις και τις χρήσεις του. Υπάρχουν θεωρητικές και κλινικές ενδείξεις για μια δυναμική, διαλεκτική σχέση ανάμεσα στην αναπαράσταση και τη χρήση και πώς αυτή εντάσσεται σε μια ψυχαναλυτική θεώρηση και κλινική του ενσώματου υποκειμένου; Η εργασία διαρθρώνεται σε τέσσερις ενότητες (Εισαγωγή, Ενότητα Ι, ενότητα ΙΙ, Επίλογος). Στην Εισαγωγή παρουσιάζεται το ευρύτερο θεωρητικό πλαίσιο γύρω από το σώμα και την ψυχαναλυτική θεώρηση του ενσώματου υποκειμένου, προσδιορίζονται οι βασικοί εννοιολογικοί άξονες και αποσαφηνίζεται η κλινικο-θεωρητική προσέγγιση της μελέτης. Η Πρώτη Ενότητα επικεντρώνεται στον άξονα «αναπαράσταση» και αναλύει τη σημασία της εικόνας σώματος κατά την πρώιμη ναρκισσιστική ανάπτυξη του υποκειμένου, δίνοντας έμφαση στην προβληματική του καθρεπτίσματος στη σχέση μητέρας-βρέφους, όπως εκφράζεται στον οριακό ασθενή. Η ενότητα αυτή αντλεί θεωρητική στήριξη από φροϋδικές και μετα-φροϋδικές εννοιολογήσεις της εικόνας σώματος και της κατοπτρικής σχέσης. Η Δεύτερη Ενότητα επικεντρώνεται στον άξονα «χρήση», διερευνώντας πώς ο οριακός ασθενής, μέσα από πρώιμες αμυντικές λειτουργίες, καταφεύγει σε χρήσεις του σώματος που ενέχουν επενδύσεις και θυμικές ποιότητες μη επαρκώς απαρτιωμένες με τις ψυχικές αναπαραστάσεις (της εικόνας σώματος συμπεριλαμβανομένης), με αποτέλεσμα να καθίσταται επισφαλές το αίσθημα ψυχοσωματικής του/της ενότητας. Στην ενότητα αυτή, βασικός θεωρητικός άξονας είναι το έργο του André Green, και ειδικότερα η κατά Green θεωρητικο-κλινική σημασία της διάκρισης θυμικού/αναπαράστασης (affect/representation) για την κατανόηση της οριακής-ναρκισσιστικής παθολογίας. Προτείνεται ο όρος «θυμικές χρήσεις» του σώματος, για να προσδιοριστεί η σημασία των επενδύσεων και των θυμικών ποιοτήτων που συνοδεύουν τις καταφυγές στο σώμα. Η εργασία ολοκληρώνεται με συμπερασματικές θεωρητικο-κλινικές παρατηρήσεις.The following study refers to the body in a metapsychological sense and explores aspects of the body-mind relation in their specific clinical context. It examines, in particular, the relation between representations and uses of the body by referring to two clinical examples in the spectrum of borderline-narcissistic pathology. Is there theoretical and clinical evidence for a dialectic relation between representation and use and if so how does that enhance our psychoanalytic understanding of embodiment in borderline pathology? The study comprises four sections. The Introduction discusses the larger theoretical framework of psychoanalytic conceptions of the body, presents the basic conceptual axes of the paper and specifies its methodological perspective. Section I focuses on the body qua representation, namely on body-image: drawing on Freudian and post-Freudian conceptions of mirroring, this section argues that early mother-infant relationship affects the development of a stable and unified body-image, disturbances of which find clinical expression in the specific patients discussed. Section II focuses on body-uses. It examines how these same borderline patients resort to what may be called affective uses of their bodies: namely, uses whose cathexes and affective qualities are not always congruent or well-integrated with their mental representations (including the representations of their bodies, i.e. their body-image). The work of André Green (and in particular his discussion of the Freudian affect/representation distinction in relation to the clinical particularities of borderline pathology) provides the basic conceptual framework for this section. In the final part, some brief clinico-theoretical remarks offer a conclusion to this study

Testing optically stimulated luminescence dating on sand-sized quartz of deltaic deposits from the Sperchios delta plain, central Greece

This study reports on the first investigation into the potential of luminescence dating to establish a chronological framework for the depositional sequences of the Sperchios delta plain, central Greece. A series of three borehole cores (20 m deep) and two shallow cores (4 m deep), from across the delta plain, were extracted, and samples were collected for luminescence dating. The luminescence ages of sand-sized quartz grains were obtained from small aliquots of quartz, using the Single-Aliquot Regenerative-dose (SAR) protocol. The equivalent dose determination included a series of tests and the selection of the Minimum Age Model (MAM) as the most appropriate statistical model. This made it possible to confirm the applicability of quartz Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) dating to establish absolute chronology for deltaic sediments from the Sperchios delta plain.Testing age results of the five cores showed that the deltaic sediments were deposited during the Holocene. A relatively rapid deposition is implied for the top ∼14 m possibly as a result of the deceleration in the rate of the sea-level rise and the transition to terrestrial conditions, while on the deeper parts, the reduced sedimentation rate may indicate a lagoonal or coastal environment

Matter, thought and action in the philosophy of La Mettrie, d'Holbach and Diderot

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Forecasting Impacts on Vulnerable Shorelines: Vulnerability Assessment along the Coastal Zone of Messolonghi Area—Western Greece

The coastal areas of the Mediterranean have been extensively affected by the transgressive event that followed the Last Glacial Maximum, with many studies conducted regarding the stratigraphic configuration of coastal sediments around the Mediterranean. The coastal zone of the Messolonghi area, western Greece, consists of low-relief beaches, containing low cliffs and eroded dunes, a fact that, in combination with the rising sea levels and tectonic subsidence of the area, has led to substantial coastal erosion. Coastal vulnerability assessment is a useful means of identifying areas of coastline that are vulnerable to impacts of climate change and coastal processes, highlighting potential problem areas. Commonly, coastal vulnerability assessment takes the form of an “index” that quantifies the relative vulnerability along a coastline. Here, the Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI) methodology by Thieler and Hammar-Klose was employed, by considering geological features, coastal slope, relative sea-level change, shoreline erosion/accretion rates, and mean significant wave height as well as mean tide range, to assess the present-day vulnerability of the coastal zone of the Messolonghi area. In light of this, an impact assessment is performed under three different sea-level-rise scenarios. This study contributes toward coastal zone management practices in low-lying coastal areas that have little data information, assisting decision-makers in adopting best adaptation options to overcome the impact of sea-level rise on vulnerable areas, similar to the coastal zone of Messolonghi

By the Hand of Angelos? Analytical Investigation of a Remarkable 15th Century Cretan Icon

A 15th century St Theodoros icon of outstanding quality is on display at the Zakynthos Ecclesiastical Art Museum. On the basis of certain stylistic characteristics, this icon has been attributed to the legendary Cretan painter Angelos Akotantos. In order to explore the latter attribution, the icon was subjected to examination via multispectral imaging, while microsamples were investigated through an optical microscope (OM), a scanning electron microscope coupled with an energy dispersive analyzer (SEM-EDX), μ-Raman and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The data were evaluated in the light of the findings of recent analytical studies conducted on several genuine Angelos icons. Identified materials include gypsum, gold leaf, bole, natural ultramarine, lead white, charcoal, green earth, red lake, minium, cinnabar, and red and yellow ochres. The identified materials resemble those employed by Angelos, while the identification of ultramarine is of particular significance, as this extremely expensive and rather rare pigment was very often used by the particular painter. Moreover, multispectral imaging reveals notable painting technique similarities between the icon in consideration and known Angelos icons, while cross sections of corresponding samples exhibit almost identical structures. Overall, the present work considerably strengthens the suggestion that the St Theodoros icon in consideration was painted by Angelos and also widens our knowledge regarding the late Byzantine painting

Copper Production in EBA Thasos: new finds and experimental simulation in the context of contemporaneous Aegean metallurgical practices

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Polykmetos sideros : le fer en Grèce antique à partir de quelques recherches récentes

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