Uma comparação entre métodos de segmentação automática de tomadas em vídeos

Este artigo tem como foco central a segmentação temporal de vídeos digitais, com base na detecção automática de corte de tomadas. No artigo, os resultados obtidos com a aplicação de alguns métodos apresentados na literatura foram comparados com relação à taxa de acerto na detecção das tomadas ou segmentos de vídeo obtidos

Omecamtiv mecarbil in chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, GALACTIC‐HF: baseline characteristics and comparison with contemporary clinical trials

Aims: The safety and efficacy of the novel selective cardiac myosin activator, omecamtiv mecarbil, in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is tested in the Global Approach to Lowering Adverse Cardiac outcomes Through Improving Contractility in Heart Failure (GALACTIC‐HF) trial. Here we describe the baseline characteristics of participants in GALACTIC‐HF and how these compare with other contemporary trials. Methods and Results: Adults with established HFrEF, New York Heart Association functional class (NYHA) ≥ II, EF ≤35%, elevated natriuretic peptides and either current hospitalization for HF or history of hospitalization/ emergency department visit for HF within a year were randomized to either placebo or omecamtiv mecarbil (pharmacokinetic‐guided dosing: 25, 37.5 or 50 mg bid). 8256 patients [male (79%), non‐white (22%), mean age 65 years] were enrolled with a mean EF 27%, ischemic etiology in 54%, NYHA II 53% and III/IV 47%, and median NT‐proBNP 1971 pg/mL. HF therapies at baseline were among the most effectively employed in contemporary HF trials. GALACTIC‐HF randomized patients representative of recent HF registries and trials with substantial numbers of patients also having characteristics understudied in previous trials including more from North America (n = 1386), enrolled as inpatients (n = 2084), systolic blood pressure < 100 mmHg (n = 1127), estimated glomerular filtration rate < 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 (n = 528), and treated with sacubitril‐valsartan at baseline (n = 1594). Conclusions: GALACTIC‐HF enrolled a well‐treated, high‐risk population from both inpatient and outpatient settings, which will provide a definitive evaluation of the efficacy and safety of this novel therapy, as well as informing its potential future implementation

Comparação de modelos acústicos usando HTK e o corpus Spoltech para o português brasileiro

This paper shows a comparison between Hidden Markov Models (HMM) trained with 12 mel-cepstral coefficients plus extra(s) parameter(s) and two different HMM initialization ways. Thus, it compares the models, in order to detect the more robust parameter added to the mel-cepstral vector in an Automatic Speech Recognizer (ASR) system for the Brazilian Portuguese. To perform such experiments, it uses the HTK to train the HMMs. All the HMMs models used the same speech training base, which is the Spoltech corpus

Substituição isolada da valva aórtica em pacientes com função ventricular deprimida Aortic valve replacement in patients with depressed left ventricular ejection fraction

Para avaliar o valor prognóstico da fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo, entre 210 pacientes com lesões da valva aórtica operados, consecutivamente, entre maio de 1981 e outubro de 1988 e que receberam as próteses Omniscience e Meditronic-Hall, foram selecionados 112 e divididos, de acordo com a fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo, em dois grupos: o G1 = FE > 40%, ficou com 52 pacientes com médias de idade 39 ± 12 anos, FE = 58 ± 10% e classe funcional (NYHA) = 2,8; o GE = FE < 40% ficou com 60 pacientes com médias de idade 48 ± 17 anos, FE = 27 ± 13% e (NYHA) = 3,6. Nas cirurgias, foram utilizados hipotermia e hemodiluição moderadas, oxigenador de bolhas, infusão cardioplégica St. Thomas. As médias dos tempos de circulação extracorpórea e parada cardíaca foram: no G1 =8 2 ± 18 e 49 ±7 minutos, e 96 ± 11 e 55 ± 6 minutos, no Grupo 2; o tamanho das próteses foi 25,2 ± 1,8 milímetros. No Grupo 1, a mortalidade imediata foi 3,8% no G1 e 5,8 no G2, e a tardia 4% no G1, e no G2 foi 8,7%. No G1 houve significante associação entre a mortalidade e a função ventricular sistólica. Clínicamente, no G1, 65% dos pacientes estão na (NYHA) I, 28% na II, 5% na III e 2% na IV. No G2, 46% estão na (NYHA) I, 25% na II, 13% na III, e 16% na IV. A sobrevida atuarial em sete anos foi 88 ± 2% no G1 e 76 ± 4% no G2. Portanto, os pacientes com FE < 40% apresentaram mortalidade mais elevada, menor sobrevida a curto e longo prazo e resultados clínicos menos satisfatórios. Para obtermos melhores resultados, devemos operar antes que a FE em repouso e exercício se torne deprimida, ou que apareça intolerância ao exercício moderado.<br>To evaluate the prognostic value of resting left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) a series of 210 consecutive patients with aortic valve disease operated upon between May 1981 and October 1988 was studied retrospectively. All patients had their aortic valve replaced by Omniscience or Meditronic prosthesis; 112 formed the study group because they have complete follow up and cineangiocardiographic data. Based on pre-operatory left ventricular ejection fraction the patients were divided in two groups: Group 1 = 52 patients with LVEF > 40%, 39 ± 12 years, NYHA functional class 2.8, and EF 58 ± 10%. Group 2 = 60 patients with LVEF < 40, 48 ± 17 years, NYHA functional class 3.6, and LVEF of 27 ± 12%. During surgery moderate hypothermia and hemodilution were utilized, with dubble oxygenator and cardioplegia With St. Thomas cardioplegic solution. Mean extracorporeal circulation and cardiac arrest time were respectively 82 ± 18 and 49 ± 7 minutes in Group 1 and 96 ± 11 and 55 ± 6 minutes in Group 2. The size of the prosthesis were 25.2 ± 1.8 mm in Group 1. The short term mortality was 3.8% in Group 1 and 5.8 in Group 2. The long-term mortality was 4.0% in Group 1 and 8.7% in Group 2. In Group 1 there was a significant association between mortality and left ventricular systolic function. In the follow-up evaluation, among patients in Group 1, 65% were in class I, 28% were in functional class II, 5% in class III, and 2% in class IV. Among patients in group II 46% were in class I, 25% in class II, 13% in class III, and 16% in class IV. The 7 year survival rate was 88 ± 2% in Group 1 and 76 ± 4% in Group 2. Thus, patients with LVEF less than 40% had higher short and longterm mortality and worse clinical course. For better surgical results patients with aortic valve disease should be operated upon before the reduction of left ventricular systolic function