281 research outputs found
Riesz bases and Jordan form of the translation operator in semi-infinite periodic waveguides
We study the propagation of time-harmonic acoustic or transverse magnetic
(TM) polarized electromagnetic waves in a periodic waveguide lying in the
semi-strip . It is shown that there exists a Riesz basis
of the space of solutions to the time-harmonic wave equation such that the
translation operator shifting a function by one periodicity length to the left
is represented by an infinite Jordan matrix which contains at most a finite
number of Jordan blocks of size . Moreover, the Dirichlet-, Neumann- and
mixed traces of this Riesz basis on the left boundary also form a Riesz basis.
Both the cases of frequencies in a band gap and frequencies in the spectrum and
a variety of boundary conditions on the top and bottom are considered
Frozen light in periodic metamaterials
Wave propagation in spatially periodic media, such as photonic crystals, can
be qualitatively different from any uniform substance. The differences are
particularly pronounced when the electromagnetic wavelength is comparable to
the primitive translation of the periodic structure. In such a case, the
periodic medium cannot be assigned any meaningful refractive index. Still, such
features as negative refraction and/or opposite phase and group velocities for
certain directions of light propagation can be found in almost any photonic
crystal. The only reservation is that unlike hypothetical uniform left-handed
media, photonic crystals are essentially anisotropic at frequency range of
interest. Consider now a plane wave incident on a semi-infinite photonic
crystal. One can assume, for instance, that in the case of positive refraction,
the normal components of the group and the phase velocities of the transmitted
Bloch wave have the same sign, while in the case of negative refraction, those
components have opposite signs. What happens if the normal component of the
transmitted wave group velocity vanishes? Let us call it a "zero-refraction"
case. At first sight, zero normal component of the transmitted wave group
velocity implies total reflection of the incident wave. But we demonstrate that
total reflection is not the only possibility. Instead, the transmitted wave can
appear in the form of an abnormal grazing mode with huge amplitude and nearly
tangential group velocity. This spectacular phenomenon is extremely sensitive
to the frequency and direction of propagation of the incident plane wave. These
features can be very attractive in numerous applications, such as higher
harmonic generation and wave mixing, light amplification and lasing, highly
efficient superprizms, etc
Nonlinear Photonic Crystals: IV. Nonlinear Schrodinger Equation Regime
We study here the nonlinear Schrodinger Equation (NLS) as the first term in a
sequence of approximations for an electromagnetic (EM) wave propagating
according to the nonlinear Maxwell equations (NLM). The dielectric medium is
assumed to be periodic, with a cubic nonlinearity, and with its linear
background possessing inversion symmetric dispersion relations. The medium is
excited by a current producing an EM wave. The wave nonlinear
evolution is analyzed based on the modal decomposition and an expansion of the
exact solution to the NLM into an asymptotic series with respect to some three
small parameters , and . These parameters are
introduced through the excitation current to scale respectively
(i) its amplitude and consequently the magnitude of the nonlinearity; (ii) the
range of wavevectors involved in its modal composition, with
scaling its spatial extension; (iii) its frequency bandwidth, with scaling its time extension. We develop a consistent theory of
approximations of increasing accuracy for the NLM with its first term governed
by the NLS. We show that such NLS regime is the medium response to an almost
monochromatic excitation current . The developed approach not only
provides rigorous estimates of the approximation accuracy of the NLM with the
NLS in terms of powers of , and , but it also
produces new extended NLS (ENLS) equations providing better approximations.
Remarkably, quantitative estimates show that properly tailored ENLS can
significantly improve the approximation accuracy of the NLM compare with the
classical NLS
Resonance enhancement of magnetic Faraday rotation
Magnetic Faraday rotation is widely used in optics. In natural transparent
materials, this effect is very weak. One way to enhance it is to incorporate
the magnetic material into a periodic layered structure displaying a high-Q
resonance. One problem with such magneto-optical resonators is that a
significant enhancement of Faraday rotation is inevitably accompanied by strong
ellipticity of the transmitted light. More importantly, along with the Faraday
rotation, the resonator also enhances linear birefringence and absorption
associated with the magnetic material. The latter side effect can put severe
limitations on the device performance. From this perspective, we carry out a
comparative analysis of optical microcavity and a slow wave resonator. We show
that slow wave resonator has a fundamental advantage when it comes to Faraday
rotation enhancement in lossy magnetic materials
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