Simultaneous ipsilateral proximal interphalangeal and metacarpophalangeal dislocation of the fifth phalanx: A case report

We propose, analyze and demonstrate the optoelectronic phase-locking of optical waves whose frequencies are chirped continuously and rapidly with time. The optical waves are derived from a common optoelectronic swept-frequency laser based on a semiconductor laser in a negative feedback loop, with a precisely linear frequency chirp of 400 GHz in 2 ms. In contrast to monochromatic waves, a differential delay between two linearly chirped optical waves results in a mutual frequency difference, and an acoustooptic frequency shifter is therefore used to phase-lock the two waves. We demonstrate and characterize homodyne and heterodyne optical phase-locked loops with rapidly chirped waves, and show the ability to precisely control the phase of the chirped optical waveform using a digital electronic oscillator. A loop bandwidth of ∼ 60 kHz, and a residual phase error variance of < 0.01 rad^2 between the chirped waves is obtained. Further, we demonstrate the simultaneous phase-locking of two optical paths to a common master waveform, and the ability to electronically control the resultant two-element optical phased array. The results of this work enable coherent power combining of high-power fiber amplifiers—where a rapidly chirping seed laser reduces stimulated Brillouin scattering—and electronic beam steering of chirped optical waves

A rare cause of deep peroneal nerve palsy due to compression of synovial cyst – Case report

AbstractINTRODUCTIONSynovial cyst is a rare cause of compression neuropathy and its differential diagnosis can be misleading.PRESENTATION OF CASEThis article presents clinical, radiological, and histological findings of deep peroneal nerve palsy due to compression of a synovial cyst in a 30-year-old patient admitted with sudden drop foot.DISCUSSIONFocal nerve entrapment in lower extremity due to synovial cystis a rare entity. Differential diagnosis is important. Surgical excision is the main treatment method with high success rate.CONCLUSIONSynovial cyst compression which can be treated easily with surgical excision should be considered in rapidly progressed drop foot

Pigmented villonodular synovitis of hip diagnosed with hip arthroscopy

Pigmented villonodular synovitis is a synovial proliferative disorder that rarely involves the hip joint. It is an inflammatory response to an unknown agent. Pigmented villonodular synovitis of the hip usually presents with extensive joint destruction because of the limited joint space. Various methods of treatment modalities including synovectomy, total hip arthroplasty, radiation therapy and arthrodesis were used for treating this disease in hip joint. Diagnosis and treatment with hip arthroscopy is a new and less invasive modality comparing to open procedures