Magnetic structure of an incommensurate phase of La-doped BiFe0.5Sc0.5O3: Role of antisymmetric exchange interactions

A 20% substitution of Bi with La in the perovskite Bi1-xLaxFe0.5Sc0.5O3 system obtained under high-pressure and high-temperature conditions has been found to induce an incommensurately modulated structural phase. The room-temperature x-ray and neutron powder diffraction patterns of this phase were successfully refined using the Imma(0,0,gamma)s00 superspace group (gamma = 0.534(3)) with the modulation applied to Bi/La and oxygen displacements. The modulated structure is closely related to the prototype antiferroelectric structure of PbZrO3 which can be considered as the lock-in variant of the latter with gamma = 0.5. Below T-N similar to 220 K, the neutron diffraction data provide evidence for a long-range G-type antiferromagnetic ordering commensurate with the average Imma structure. Based on a general symmetry consideration, we show that the direction of the spins is controlled by the antisymmetric exchange imposed by the two primary structural distortions, namely oxygen octahedral tilting and incommensurate atomic displacements. The tilting is responsible for the onset of a weak ferromagnetism, observed in magnetization measurements, whereas the incommensurate displacive mode is dictated by the symmetry to couple a spin-density wave. The obtained results demonstrate that antisymmetric exchange is the dominant anisotropic interaction in Fe3+-based distorted perovskites with a nearly quenched orbital degree of freedom

Thermal convection in a ferromagnetic fluid in an inhomogeneous magnetic field

Dimensionless ratios describing heat transfer in a ferromagnetic fluid are introduced. Conditions under which magnetic-field perturbations can be neglected are derived. It is shown on the basis of numerical and experimental results that ferromagnetic fluids can be used for controlled cooling of current-carrying conductor

Thermal convection in a ferromagnetic fluid in an inhomogeneous magnetic field

Dimensionless ratios describing heat transfer in a ferromagnetic fluid are introduced. Conditions under which magnetic-field perturbations can be neglected are derived. It is shown on the basis of numerical and experimental results that ferromagnetic fluids can be used for controlled cooling of current-carrying conductor

Charge ordering in Nd2/3Ca1/3MnO3: ESR and magnetometry study

The evolution of magnetic and electric properties of the narrow-band manganite Nd2/3Ca1/3MnO3 was studied by the electron-spin resonance (ESR), static magnetic field (dc) and resistivity techniques in the temperature range of 100-380 K. It was found that below the charge ordering temperature, T-CO approximate to 212 K, the compound is a mixture of the charge ordered and charge disordered phases in varying proportions depending on the temperature. The exchange phase process, when the amount of the charge ordered phase increases under cooling, while the amount of the charge disordered phase decreases is the most intense between-220 K and 180 K. At low temperatures, T < 160 K, the charge ordered to the charge disordered phase ratio is about 4:1, which is in excellent agreement with previous neutron diffraction data. Both a sharp decrease of the magnetic susceptibility and a huge resistivity increase are evident of the weakening of ferromagnetic correlations and suppression of the double exchange interaction across the charge ordering due to the localization of the charge carriers. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved