Molecular Comb Development

This CRADA was developed to enable ORNL to assist Protein Discovery, Inc. to develop a novel biomolecular separation system based on an ORNL patent application 'Photoelectrochemical Molecular Comb' by Thundat, Ferrell, and Brown. The Molecular Comb concept is based on creating light-induced charge carriers at a semiconductor-liquid interface, which is kept at a potential control such that a depletion layer is formed in the semiconductor. Focusing light from a low-power illumination source creates electron-hole pairs, which get separated in the depletion layer. The light-induced charge carriers reaching the surface attract oppositely charged biomolecules present in the solution. The solution is a buffer solution with very small concentrations of biomolecules. As the focused light is moved across the surface of the semiconductor-liquid interface, the accumulated biomolecules follow the light beam. A thin layer of gel or other similar material on the surface of the semiconductor can act as a sieving medium for separating the biomolecules according to their sizes

Postweaning growth of the non-carcass components of Texel crossbred lambs Crescimento dos componentes não-integrantes da carcaça de cordeiros mestiços Texel no período pós-desmama

Twenty 11/16 Texel x 5/16 Ile de France crossbred lambs were slaughtered at different body weights to evaluate the growth of their non-carcass components. Animals were weaned at 42 days of age (15.9 ± 2.1 kg of body weight), housed in individual stalls, and fed ad libitum. After ten days of an experimental adaptation period, 5 lambs were slaughtered. The remaining lambs were randomly assigned to one of three following slaughter weights: 25, 30 or 35 kg of body weight at fast. At slaughter, all body components were individually weighed and expressed as percentage of the empty body weight. To determine allometric growth of individual components, the exponential equation Y = aXb was logarithmically transformed and used. Proportions of feet and head decreased, while wool proportion increased linearly as slaughter weight increased. Greater fat deposition in viscera (kidney and mesenteric fat) was observed for lambs slaughtered at more elevated body weights. Growth rate of small intestine was lower than that of the empty body (b = 0.39), and it decreased linearly as a proportion of empty body weight with advancing maturity. Growth rates of both liver and large intestine were isogonics (b = 0.90 and 1.08, respectively), i.e., similar to the empty body weight. On the other hand, rumen presented late growth (b = 1.37), and its proportion was lower only for the lambs slaughtered at weaning (1.58% of EBW). Once increased slaughter weights result in higher deposition of nutrients on body parts that are not intended to consumption, maximum slaughter weight of 11/16 Texel x 5/16 Ile de France crossbred lambs is recommended to be at 30 kg of body weight.<br>Vinte cordeiros 11/16 Texel x 5/16 Ile de France foram abatidos em diferentes pesos com o objetivo de avaliar o crescimento dos componentes não-integrantes da carcaça. Os animais foram desmamados aos 42 dias de idade (15,9 ± 2,1 kg de peso corporal) e confinados em baias individuais, recebendo alimentação à vontade. Após um período de 10 dias de adaptação às condições experimentais, 5 cordeiros foram abatidos e os remanescentes foram aleatoriamente sorteados para serem abatidos aos 25, 30 ou 35 kg de peso corporal em jejum. Ao abate, cada componente corporal foi pesado individualmente, e seus valores expressos em percentual do peso de corpo vazio (PCV). Para determinação do crescimento alométrico de cada componente, foi utilizada a equação exponencial Y = aXb, transformada logaritmicamente em um modelo linear. As proporções de patas e cabeça decresceram, e a de lã aumentou linearmente de acordo com o peso de abate. Observou-se acentuado acúmulo de gordura interna (renal e mesentérica) no corpo dos animais abatidos em pesos mais elevados. A taxa de crescimento do intestino delgado foi menor que a do corpo vazio (b = 0,39) o que reduziu a proporção desse órgão com o avanço da maturidade. O crescimento do fígado e do intestino grosso foi isogônico, ou seja, equivalente ao do corpo vazio (b = 0,90 e 1,08, respectivamente), enquanto o rúmen foi heterogônico e tardio (b = 1,37). Menores proporções de rumen foram observadas apenas para os animais abatidos logo após o desmame (1,58%). Tendo em vista que pesos de abate mais elevados resultam em maior acúmulo de nutrientes em regiões do corpo não-destinadas ao consumo humano, recomenda-se que o abate de cordeiros 11/16 Texel x 5/16 Ile de France seja realizado com, no máximo, 30 kg de peso vivo

Turbidity data of weightless SF6 near its liquid-gas critical point

Light transmission measurements performed in SF6 close to its liquid–gas critical point are used to obtain turbidity data in the reduced temperature range..